When preparing a TLC slide of a reference standard material (RSM), a solvent or mixture of solvents is used to dissolve the RSM and transfer it into the TLC plate. How does its polarity affects the Rf of the RSM?

Answers

Answer 1
The better the RSM dissolves in the solvent, the higher the Rf (retention factor) will be, and the further the RSM will move. If the RSM is a polar compound, increasing the polarity of the solvent will increase the Rf of the RSM. If the RSM isn't a polar compound, an increasingly polar solvent will decrease the Rf.

Related Questions

Saturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature. saturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature.
a. True
b. False

Answers

false, saturated fats like butter or coconut oil are typically solid at room temperature.

Stand on a bathroom scale and read your weight. When you lift one foot up so you’re standing on one foot, does the reading change? Does a scale read force or pressure?

Answers

I think it doesn't change.

Write the electron configurations of cu2+ and ag+. is each electron configuration consistent with the color you observed for each cation? explain.

Answers

The electron configuration of copper cation:

₂₉Cu²⁺ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁹ or [Ar] 3d⁹.

The electron configuration of copper cation:

₄₇Ag⁺ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ or [Kr] 4d¹⁰.

Copper and silver lose their outer s-orbital electrons before they lose their outer d-orbital electrons.

Each electron configuration is consistent with the color, copper solution is blue, silver solution is colorless.

The electron configuration of Cu²⁺ is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁹. The electron configuration of Ag⁺ is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰.

The observed color of Cu²⁺ is typically blue, while the observed color of Ag⁺ is colorless. The electron configurations of these cations are consistent with their observed colors.

Electronic configuration refers to the arrangement of electrons in an atom, ion, or molecule. It describes the distribution of electrons among different energy levels, orbitals, and subshells within an atom or ion.

The electronic configuration is represented using a notation that indicates the energy levels (principle quantum numbers), subshells (s, p, d, f), and the number of electrons in each subshell. The Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule are used to determine the order of filling the orbitals and the spin states of the electrons.

Cu²⁺ has an incomplete d-orbital with 9 electrons, which gives rise to a blue color due to the absorption of light in the visible spectrum. The absorption of light corresponds to the promotion of an electron from a lower energy d-orbital to a higher energy level.

On the other hand, Ag⁺ has a fully filled d-orbital with 10 electrons, which does not result in the absorption of visible light. As a result, Ag⁺ appears colorless.

The observed colors of Cu²⁺ and Ag⁺ ions are a result of the electronic configuration and the interaction of light with the d-electrons in the transition metals.

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What is the identity of a sample that has a mass of 25.0 g and a volume of 2.38 cm3?

Answers

One of the defining features of an element is it's density. Calculate that and verify which substance this would be. 

p=m/v 
p=25g/2.38 cm^3 
p=10.50 g/cm^3 

Density of Silver is 10.5 g/cm^3 

Hope I helped :) 

Density of the given sample is 10.50 g /cm³ which is the density of silver.

What is density?

Density  of a substance is it's mass per unit volume.It is denoted by capital letter 'D'.It has SI unit of kg/m³.For a pure substance, density has numerical value which is same as it's mass.

Different materials have different densities  which is  found to be relevant to substance's purity and packaging.Osmium and Iridium are densest known elements.

Density is an intensive property because there is a narrow range of densities across the samples. It does not change with respect to the initial mass .It shows how much mass of substance is present in given amount of volume.

For the mentioned data, density is calculated as,mass/volume

which is 25/2.38=10.504 g/cm³

10.504 g/cm³ is the density of silver and hence the sample is of silver.

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In order to amend the Articles of Confederation, how many votes were needed? A) 7 B) 9 C) 10 D) 13

Answers

B is the answer
Hope it helped!

When water evaporates from salt is it a chemical or physical change?

Answers

Water evaporating from salt would be a chemical change

which option is an example of a physical properties

flammability

pH

toxicity

freezing point

Answers

The correct answer is freezing point

The correct answer would be freezing point. The other three would not be the answer because fammability, ph, and toxicity are all examples of chemical properties.

Gold is a rare metal that is often blended with other metals to lower the cost of jewelry or art. What physical property of gold could help you determine if a piece is pure gold?

Answers

you can determine if its pure gold by its density. if you want to do more research or get more info search Archimedes' principle.

Answer:

Physical property is density.

Explanation:

This check needs precision. Gold is a dense metal, 19.32 grams per cubic centimeter. For that you have to calculate the density, weighing the piece on a scale, then you would fill a test tube with water and introduce the piece and note how much the water has risen. Density is defined as the mass divided by the displaced volume. If the result you get is close to 19 it will be a 24-karat gold piece.

Sea water, a solution composed of a variety of salts dissolved in water. the salt is the

Answers

In seawater, salt is the solute and water is the solvent.

The factor that is changed throughout an experiment is called the _______. A. apparatus B. constant C. variable D. hypothesis

Answers

The variable is what changes during an experiment. Hopefully this helped! :)

Answer:

C - Variable

Explanation:

Let’s see all the options in detail.

Apparatus: These are the equipment’s used in the experiment. Irrespective of the experiment result, the apparatus remains unchanged from start till the end.

Constant: These are factors that are fixed and does not change throughout the experiment.

Variable: A variable is any factor in an experiment that changes. As per dictionary, variable literally means something that varies i.e. change.  

Hypothesis: This is the underlying explanation in response to which the experiment is being conducted. Also, in an experiment, the hypothesis is not considered a factor at all.

Therefore, the correct answer is C.

What is the water table?
A. a flat, table-like body of water
B. the bottom surface of underground water
C. the bottom layer of water in oceans, lakes, and rivers
D. the upper surface of underground water

Answers

I think the answer is D. the upper surface of undergound water.

Answer: Option (D) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Water table is defined as the upper most level of water that is present under the ground surface where there is permanent separation of soil or rocks with water.

Water table is maintained through a natural process as when it rains then the rain water seeps through the ground and reaches below the ground.

Water table is also known as ground water table.

Therefore, we can conclude that the water table is the upper surface of underground water.

How many liters of a 0.45% half-normal saline (m/v) solution for iv therapy can be prepared from 33 grams of sodium chloride?

Answers

The concentration 0.45% means that there is 0.45% weight of normal saline(sodium chloride) in the solution. In this question, there is 33 gram of sodium chloride in the solution. Assuming the solvent is water which has 1000gr/liter density, then the solution volume should be:

NaCl weight= 0.45% * water mass
NaCl weight= 0.45% * water density* water volume
33g= 0.45%* 1000g/l * water volume
water volume= 33g/ (0.45% * 1000g/l)
water volume= 7.33 liter

Which of these is a mixture
A. salad
B. sugar
C. water
D. potassium

Answers

The answer to this question is A.) Salad
The Answer is A. salad. There are many things you add when you make a salad so it is a mixture. 

What is the electronic configuration of a selenium atom (se)?

Answers

1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p4
or
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4

Answer:

[tex]1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{6} 4s^{2} 3d^{10} 4p^{4}[/tex]

Explanation:

For this exercise is necessary to know the atomic number of Se, which is 34 and indicate the numbers of electrons that has this atom.

For the electronic configuration you just need to follow the direction of the arrow indicated in the attached image, which shows the distribution of the electrons in the atomic orbitals, until complete the 34 electrons that has the selenium atom. The super index indicates the number of electrons in a specific atomic orbital. Then the electron configuration of selenium atom is:

[tex]1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{6} 4s^{2} 3d^{10} 4p^{4}[/tex]

A reaction takes place in a bomb calorimeter. if the calorimeter decreases in temperature over the course of the reaction, what are the signs of qcal and qrxn?

Answers

qcal would have a sign of (-) as it lost energy resulting to a decrease in temperature, while qrxn would have a sign of (+) as it gained energy. This complies with the Law of Conservation of Energy. The reaction is probably endothermic.

Answer:If the calorimeter decreases in temperature over the course of the reaction:

[tex]Q_{rxn}=Positive[/tex]

[tex]Q_{cal}=Negative[/tex](heat is lost by the caloriemter)

Explanation:

Whenever reaction takes place in calorimeter tone out of two things can a happen:

1. If the temperature of calorimeter increases: During a reaction when heat is released in the calorimter. This heat released is then absorbed by the calorimeter (Law of Conservation of Energy) which results in increase in temperature of calorimeter.

Those reaction which add on heat to their surrounding are termed as Exothermic reaction.

[tex]Q_{rxn}=Negative[/tex]

[tex]Q_{cal}=Positive[/tex] (Heat gained by the calorimeter)

2. If the temperature of calorimeter decreases: During a reaction when heat is lost from the calorimter. This heat loss is due to the absorption of heat by reactants during the reaction (Law of Conservation of Energy) which results in decrease in temperature of calorimeter.

Those reaction which absorbs heat from their surrounding are termed as Endothermic reaction.

[tex]Q_{rxn}=Positive[/tex]

[tex]Q_{cal}=Negative[/tex](heat is lost by the caloriemter)

When water vapor becomes liquid water due to cooling, it is called _____?

Answers

The process of condensation is the change in the state of water from vapor to liquid due to cooling.
On the other hand, evaporation is the change in the state of water from liquid to vapor due to heating.

Based on this,
When water vapor becomes liquid water due to cooling, it is called condensation.

How many protons are in Florine whose atomic number is 9 and atomic mass is 19? *

9

10

19

28

Answers

Florine have 9 proton 

Sulfur has an atomic number of 16. What is the electron configuration for an electronically neutral atom of sulfur? 

Question 1 options:

1 s 22 s 22 p 63 s 23 p 3

1 s 22 s 22 p 63 s 23 p 4

1 s 22 s 22 p 63 s 23 p 6

1 s 22 s 22 p 63 s 23 p 5

Answers

it would be 1 s 22 s 22 p 63 s 23 p 5

The atomic number of sulfur is 16. The electron configuration for an electronically neutral atom of sulfur is 1 s 22 s 22 p 63 s 23 p 5. The correct option is d.

What is electronic configuration?

The electronic configuration of an atom is the position of the electrons present inside the atoms. This process identified the position of electrons inside the atoms.

The different shells have different energy levels, and these energy levels are also reflected in the energy of electrons.

So, as the atomic number of sulfur is 16. If its electronic configuration is done. There will be 1 electron is the s orbital, 22 in s2 and 22 in the p orbital. The last orbital has 5 electrons.

Therefore, the electron configuration for an electronically neutral atom of sulfur is 1 s 22 s 22 p 63 s 23 p 5. The correct option is d.

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How does ph affect enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

Answers

Changes in pH may not only affect the shape of an enzyme but it may also change the shape or charge properties of the substrate so that either the substrate connot bind to the active site or it cannot undergo catalysis. In geneal enzyme have a pHoptimum. However the optimum is not the same for each enzyme

Each enzyme has an optimum pH level at which it shows its highest activity. Below or above this pH, the activity level probably decreases.

What are enzymes ?

Enzymes are biological catalysts in living bodies. There are thousands of individual enzymes present in human body itself. Each enzymes are having their specific functions.

Enzymes have a pocket like receptor structure on which the substrate can attach. Hence enzymes provide a perfect platform for a chemical reaction. Each enzymes has an optimum pH and temperature at which it can shows it highest activity.

For example, the enzyme pepsin functions in digestion in humans works at a pH of 2. Similarly the enzyme amylase will be active only at pH around 7. This way, enzymes activity is significantly dependent on the pH.

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The second shell in the ground state of oxygen contains how many electrons

Answers

The atomic number of oxygen is 8. It has 8 electrons in its electron shells. The first electron shell can hold only 2 electrons. Thus, the second shell of the oxygen will contain the rest amount of electrons i.e. 6 electrons.
Answer: The second shell in the ground state of oxygen contains "6" electrons. 

What is the relationship between the number of protons and the number of electrons in an atom?

Answers

in a neutral atom they are both equal, and their even quantities makes the atom neutral...

Which quantum number determines the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom? which quantum number determines the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom? l n e ml n and l?

Answers

A Hydrogen atom only contains a single electron (1 e). Therefore for this atom, the quantum number which determines the energy of an electron is best represented only by the principal quantum number. The principal quantum number has a symbol of n.

 

Answer:

n

Which element in Group 1 has the greatest tendency to lose an electron?

Answers

The answer is Fr, or Francium. Francium only has one valence electron, so it is super easy to make them lose it. But when Fr loses it, it is very hard to get it back.

You are assembling cars, and your job is to put the wheels on the vehicles. You have 3520 wheels, 14040 nuts (4 nuts needed per wheel) and 1000 car bodies at the start of the day (you have time to do more than 1000, and there will be no deliveries of additional parts during the day).

How many possible cars can roll off the assembly line?
What is the limiting reagent in this case?
If you only get to put the wheels on 850 cars that day, what is your productivity?

Answers

14040/4=3510 wheels per 4 nuts
3510/4=877.5 cars per 4 wheels
877 possible cars.

actual yield 850/theortical yield 877=96.92%

The number of valence electrons found in an atom of a group a element is equal to

Answers

it's equal to group number

Determine the volume of an object that has a mass of 455.6 g and a density of 19.3 g/cm3. 42.4 ml 23.6 ml 18.5 ml 87.9 ml 31.2 ml

Answers

Volume = Mass / Density 

Volume =  455.6  /  19.3 

VOLUME =  23.6ml

The volume of the object is 23.06 cm³

We have an object of given mass and density.

We have to calculate the volume of this object.

How is the Mass and Density of a body related to each other?

The following relation exists between mass and density -

m = d x v

d - density of body

m - mass of body

v - volume of body

According to the question -

m = d x v

Rewrite the relation as follows -

v = m/d

Substitute the values -

v = 455.6 / 19.3 = 23.06 cm³.

Hence, the volume of the object is 23.06 cm³.

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A solution is prepared by dissolving 4.68 g of nacl in enough water to produce 40.0 ml of solution. what is the molarity of nacl for the solution?

Answers

12% desloves from this

What is formed when atoms of different elements are combined chemically?

Answers

Two atoms of different elements that are chemically combined are called compounds.

If an atom has 104 electrons, 157 neutrons, and 104 protons, what is its approximate atomic mass?

Answers

Atomic mass is number of protons + number of neutrons (disregard electrons in mass calculations). 104 + 157 = 261.

The atomic mass of the atom with 104 protons and 157 neutrons has been 261 amu.

An atom has been consisted of the positively charged nucleus and the negatively charged electrons revolving around the nucleus. The nucleus has been consisted of neutrons and protons.

The transfer of electrons between the atoms impart charge to the atom and helps in the reactivity of the atom. The atomic mass in an atom has been the mass of the nucleus. It has been a constant quantity in an atom.

Since the atomic mass has been the mass of the nucleus:

Atomic mass = Neutrons + Protons

Atomic mass = 157 + 104

Atomic mass = 261 amu

The atomic mass of the atom with 104 protons and 157 neutrons has been 261 amu.

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Why is hydrogen bonding only possible with hydrogen answer?

Answers

A hydrogen bond is a weak type of force that forms a special type of dipole-dipole attraction which occurs when a hydrogen atom bonded to a strongly electronegative atom exists in the vicinity of another electronegative atom with a lone pair of electrons. 
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