Answers
The valence shell is the outermost electron shell in an atom and contains the valence electrons essential for chemical bonding and reactions.
The valence shell is the outermost shell of electrons in an atom. It contains the valence electrons, which are the electrons most likely to be involved in chemical reactions and bonding. For main group elements, the valence shell includes the highest n level s and p subshells.
In the case of transition metals, their valence shell comprises the highest energy s and d subshells, whereas for inner transition elements, the s, d, and f subshells are part of the valence shell. An atom is considered to be more stable and less reactive when its valence shell is full, because these valence electrons determine the chemical properties of an element and its potential to bond with others.
For example, sodium (Na) has a valence shell configuration of 3s¹, where the number 3 represents the highest-numbered shell and s defines the type of orbital occupied by the valence electron. In the periodic table, elements in the same group have the same valence shell electron configuration, which accounts for their similar chemical behaviors.
Related Questions
CH2 - CH2 - CH3
|
CH3 - CH2 - CH - CH2 - CH = CH2
Answers
The sufix ene is because it is an alkene, which comes from the fact that it has a double bond.
The prefix none is because it has 9 carbon.
And the use of number 1 is because the double bond is in the carbon number 1.
What do all steroids have in common?
A. They are not lipids.
B. They are all built on a four-ring structure.
C. They all have the same function.
D. They are all sex hormones.
Answers
Covalent compounds:
a)are formed from one metal and one nonmetal
b) exchange electrons in a chemical bond
c) have a low melting point
d)have weaker bonds than ionic compounds
Which answer would be correct i think maybe B
Answers
d) covalent bonds have weaker bonds than ionic compounds
The correct option is c i.e, have a low melting point. Covalent compounds have a low melting point due to weaker intermolecular forces. They are formed from two or more nonmetal elements and share electrons in a chemical bond.
Understanding the properties of covalent compounds is essential in Chemistry. Let's analyze each option provided:
Option A: Covalent compounds are not formed from one metal and one nonmetal. Instead, they are formed from two or more nonmetal elements.Option B: This option is incorrect because, in covalent bonds, atoms share electrons rather than exchange them.Option C: Covalent compounds indeed have a low melting point compared to ionic compounds. This is due to the weaker intermolecular forces present in covalent compounds.Option D: Correct. Covalent bonds generally have weaker bonds than ionic compounds, making it easier to melt or boil covalent compounds.Given the above explanations, the correct answer is Option C: Covalent compounds have a low melting point.
in which situation can a mixture always be called a solution
Answers
If I'm not wrong... A mixture is never a solution.
Answer: when the mixture is homogeneous
Explanation:
A buret containing NaOH solution has an initial volume reading of 0.14 mL.
25.00 mL of 0.1000 M HCl is titrated to a phenolphthalein end point, which occurs at a final reading of 27.16 mL NaOH. What is the molarity of the NaOH titrant?
Answers
Number of moles of HCL = 25/1000 x 0.1000=0.0025moles
Number of moles of NaOH= 0.0025 moles As 1 is to 1 ratio among them as from equation
NaOH+HCL=NaCL+H20
Volume of NaOH used=27.16-0.14 ml=27.02ml
moles=volume x molarity
0.0025=27.02/1000 x molarity
ANSWER molarity of NaOH=0.0925 mol/dm3
Answer:
0.092 M
Explanation:
NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) ------> NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
CA= concentration of acid= 0.1000 M
CB= concentration of base= ?????
VA= volume of acid= 25.00 mL
VB= volume of base= 27.16 mL
NA= number of moles of acid= 1
NB= number of moles of base= 1
CAVA/CBVB= nA/nB
CB= CAVAnB/VBnA
CB= 0.1000 M × 25.00 mL ×1/27.16 mL ×1
CB= 0.092 M
What I said the molarity of an hcl solution if 24.0 ml is completely neutralized by 98.0 ml of 0.250m ca(oh)2
Answers
2HCL+Ca(OH)2=CaCl2+2H2O
Moles of ca(oh)2 = 98/1000 x 0.250
= 0.0245 moles
moles of hcl = 0.049 As the 1 is to 2 ratio among them
moles = molarity x volume
0.049 = molarity x 24/1000
molarity=2.042 mol/dm3
ANSWER IS 2.042 mol/dm3
What is the molar mass of (NH4)2SO4
Answers
Hydrogen. H 1.00794 8
Nitrogen N 14.0067 2
Oxygen O 15.9994 4
Sulfur S 32.065 1
Molecular weight calculation:
(14.0067 + 1.00794*4)*2 + 32.065 + 15.9994*4
Molar mass of (NH4)2SO4 =
132.13952 g/mol
why is it important to have a controlled experiment
Answers
The concentration of 150.0 mL of Na2CO3 is found to be 30.0 ppm. What mass of Na2CO3 is dissolved in the solution if the density of the solution is 0.750 g/mL?
Answers
ppm = [grams of solute / grams of solution] * 1,000,000
From that:
grams of solute = ppm * grams of solution / 1,000,000
Now, you need to find the grams of solution, for which you use the density of the solution and its volume:
density = mass / volume => mass = density * volume
=> mass of solution = 150.0 ml * 0.750 g/ ml = 112.5 g
And, finally, you can calculate the mass of solute
grams of solute = 30 * 112.5 g / 1,000,000 = 0.003375g
Answer: 0.003375 g
Answer:
c
Explanation:
3.38x10^-3G
Consider the heating curve. In which region are most particles moving the fastest?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
Answers
The particles are moving fastest in Region D) 5.
As temperature increases, so does the average kinetic energy (speed) of the molecules.
Answer: The correct option is (D)
Explanation:
As the temperature increases the energy of the particles increases which results in increase of kinetic energy of the particles. With this increase in energy particles moves more rapidly.
So, the particles at higher temperature will be moving at faster speed in region 5.
how many grams of sugar are in six dozen doughnuts if each doughnut contains 75 g of sugar?
Answers
12 x 6 = 72 donuts
72 x 75 = 5400 grams total
12x6= 72
If each donut contains 75 grams of sugar, you must add the total amount of donuts by the amount of grams that are in each donut.
72x75= 5,400g
There are 5,400g of sugar in six dozen donuts.
don't answer if you're not 100%.
A compound differs from a mixture in that the compound
has two or more identities
has only one identity
is composed of only one kind of atom
can be separated by physical means.
Answers
Compounds like water (H2O) has 2 kinds of atoms which are hydrogen and oxygen. They also have a chemical bond and their bond is not able to be separated by physical means. It different with a mixture of water with sugar. The water and sugar are two different molecules but they don't bind each other. If you evaporate the water, the sugar will remains so it can be separated by physical means..
A burning match is an example of a chemical change phase change nuclear change physical change
Answers
A burning match is an example of a chemical change. The transformation of two or more reactants into new compounds.
The term "chemical change" describes a process when one or more compounds are changed into new substances with new chemical properties. The atoms of the original substances rearrange themselves to establish new chemical bonds during a chemical transition, producing new molecules or compounds.
An illustration of a chemical change, in which two or more reactants are changed into new compounds, would be a burning match. Sulphur, wood, and oxygen combine to create smoke and ash when a match is lit.
To know more about chemical change, here:
https://brainly.com/question/23693316
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a race car driver drives 35 laps in 84 minutes what is the average laps per minute
Answers
To solve this, divide.
84/35 = 2.4
The answer is 2.4.
Hope this helps! :)
Which substance will most affect the freezing point of water if 1 mole of the substance is added to 1 kilogram of water?
Answers
If 7.84 × 107 J of energy is released from a fusion reaction, what amount of mass in kilograms would be lost? Recall that c = 3 × 108 m/s.
7.06 × 1024
8.71 × 10-4
8.71 × 10-7
8.71 × 10–10
Answers
m = 7.84x107/(3x108)2kg = 7.84x107/9x1016kg = 0.871x10-9 kg = 8.71x10-10 kg
Answer:
The amount of mass in kilograms would be lost [tex]8.7111\times 10^{-10} kg[/tex].
Explanation:
Energy released during fusion reaction = [tex]7.84\times 10^7 J[/tex]
Mass of amount lost during the reaction = Δm
Speed of the light = c = [tex]3\times 10^8 m/s[/tex]
Using Einstein equation :
[tex]E=\Delta m\times c^2[/tex]
[tex]7.84\times 10^7 J=\Delta m\times (3\times 10^8 m/s)^2[/tex]
[tex]\Delta m=8.7111\times 10^{-10} kg[/tex]
The amount of mass in kilograms would be lost [tex]8.7111\times 10^{-10} kg[/tex].
[07.01]When ammonia, NH3, dissolves in water, hydrogen ions are transferred from the water to ammonia to form ammonium ions and hydroxide ions. This reaction can be seen below: H2O (l) + NH3 (aq) OH- (aq) + NH4+ (aq) Which of the following helps to explain why ammonia is a base?
Answers
Ammonia acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base because it accepts a hydrogen ion from water, forming ammonium and hydroxide ions. It also satisfies the Arrhenius definition by increasing the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution. Thus, the answer most appropriately corresponds to option b, Brønsted-Lowry definition.
When ammonia, [tex]NH_3[/tex], dissolves in water, it functions as a base according to the Brønsted-Lowry definition because it accepts a hydrogen ion (H+) from water to form ammonium ions ([tex]NH_4^+[/tex]) and hydroxide ions ([tex]OH^-[/tex]). Water acts as a Brønsted-Lowry acid in this reaction because it donates a hydrogen ion to the ammonia. This process forms a conjugate acid-base pair, with ammonia being the base that becomes the conjugate acid ([tex]NH_4^+[/tex]), and water being the acid that becomes the conjugate base ([tex]OH^-[/tex]). Additionally, ammonia also meets the Arrhenius definition of a base because the reaction results in an increase in the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution. Thus, the answer most appropriately corresponds to option b, Brønsted-Lowry definition.
When an atom that has no charge loses two electrons, it becomes a:
A: positive ion.
B: negative ion.
C: positive isotope.
D: negative isotope.
Answers
Answer: Option (a) is correct.
Explanation:
It is known that electrons hold a negative charge. So, when the negative charge that is electrons are taken out an atom then the number of electrons become less in number as compared to the number of protons.
Hence, the atom attains a positive charge.
An isotope is formed when an atom shows same number of protons and different number of neutrons. So, when an atom loses 2 electrons there will be no change in the number of neutrons. Therefore, an isotope will not form.
Thus, it is concluded that when an atom with no charge loses two electrons, it becomes a positive ion.
Answer:
positive ion
Explanation:
when the volume of a gas is changed from _____ m3 to 15.5 m3 the temperature will change from 159 K to 456 K
Answers
Therefore,
V1/T1 = V2/T2
V1 is unknown
T1 = 159K
V2 = 15.5m3
T2 = 456K
V1/159 = 15.5/456
V1 = (15.5*159)/456 = 5.404m3.
What is the mass of exactly 1 mol of the following elements osmium, Cesium, krypton?
Answers
132.90545: Cesium
83.798: Krypton
which of the following is not something that the atmosphere does for us ?
a. the atmosphere gives us air to breath
b. the atmosphere provides us protection
c. the atmosphere gives us gravity
d. the atmosphere provides us with weather
Answers
neon has an average atomic mass of 20.2 g/mol, whereas argon has an average atomic mass of 40.0 g/mol. How would the number of atoms in a 1.0 mol sample of neon compare to the number of atoms in a 4.0 mol sample of argon
Answers
Answer : The number of atoms in a 4.0 mole sample of argon has greater number of atoms or four times as compared to the number of atoms in a 1.0 mole sample of neon.
Explanation :
As we know that the 1 mole of substance contains [tex]6.022\times 10^{23}[/tex] number of atoms.
As per question,
The 1 mole sample of neon contains [tex]6.022\times 10^{23}[/tex] number of atoms.
And,
As, 1 mole sample of argon contains [tex]6.022\times 10^{23}[/tex] number of atoms
So, 4.0 mole sample of argon contains [tex]4.0\times 6.022\times 10^{23}=24.088\times 10^{23}[/tex] number of atoms
From this we conclude that, the number of atoms in a 4.0 mole sample of argon has greater number of atoms or four times as compared to the number of atoms in a 1.0 mole sample of neon.
For the reaction Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2 + 2KNO3, how many moles of lead iodide are produced from 246.2 g of potassium iodide?
Answers
To find out how many moles of lead iodide are produced from 246.2 g of potassium iodide, first convert the mass of KI to moles using its molar mass, then divide by the stoichiometric ratio from the reaction. It is found that 246.2 g of KI will produce 0.7415 moles of lead iodide.
To determine how many moles of lead iodide are produced from 246.2 g of potassium iodide (KI), it is necessary to consider the stoichiometry of the reaction given by:
[tex]Pb(NO_3)_2 (aq) + 2 KI (aq) \rightarrow PbI_2 (s) + 2 KNO_{3} (aq)[/tex]
First, we calculate the number of moles of KI using its molar mass:
1 mole KI = 166.0028 g/mol. Therefore,
Moles of KI = 246.2 g
166.0028 g/mol = 1.483 moles of KI
Since the reaction requires 2 moles of KI for every mole of [tex]PbI_2[/tex], we divide the moles of KI by 2 to find the moles of [tex]PbI_2[/tex]:
[tex]PbI_2[/tex]moles = 1.483 moles / 2 = 0.7415 moles of [tex]PbI_2[/tex]
Therefore, 246.2 g of KI will produce 0.7415 moles of lead iodide.
The upper quartile of a set of data is a number that __________. A. separates the bottom half of the data set from the upper half B. finding the mean of the data set remaining after removing the lower half C. separates the lower quarter of the data set from the upper three-quarters D. separates the lower three-quarters of the data set from the upper quarter
Answers
Answer:
D. separates the lower three-quarters of the data set from the upper quarter
Explanation:
The upper quartile is a line or a point that divides the upper half of a set of data in two exact parts, so when you get the median of the whole set of data, you take the upper half and calculate the median of that upper half, dividing the upper half in quartiles, and you get the division between the upper quartile and the other three quartiles.
A student does not observe a change when holding a test tube in a flame. However, a change is expected. What is the most likely reason for this?
Answers
D. The reactants were not heated long enough.
the steps of scientific method in order are?
a. purpose , experiment, hypothesis , analysis , conclusion
b. purpose , hypothesis , experiment , analysis, conclusion
c. hypothesis , experiment , analysis, conclusion .
d. purpose, hypothesis, experiment , conclusion
Answers
How is scientific use of the term digital different from the common use?
Answers
We commonly know refer to something 'digital' has to something electronic that can be visibly seen such as a watch, clock, camera, screen, etc. It really refers to stored energy or electricity that's not natural. But the word 'digital' in science refers to the depiction of data or information in figures (such as in a table) in contrast to as a chart, graph, drawing, or other pictorial form.
Explanation:
The scientific use of the term digital is much changed from the current use because the term digital in science is a way of representing a discontinuous phenomenon or something this is just finite and faulty. It also describes a data in figures with the use of this term. While “digital” generally refers to electronics in general, the scientific explanation of digital is much different
The gas in a cylinder has a volume of 8 liters at a pressure of 101 kPa. The pressure of the gas is increased to 213 kPa. Assuming the temperature remains constant, what would the new volume be?
Please show your work, thanks!
Answers
Before:
[tex]p_1V_1=n_1RT_1\\\\ (101\times10^{3})\cdot8=n_1RT_1\\\\ n_1RT_1=808\times10^3~~~(i)[/tex]
After:
[tex]p_2V_2=n_2RT_2\\\\ (213\times10^3)\cdot V_2=n_2RT_2~~~(ii)[/tex]
Since the quantity of gas wasn't changed, [tex]n_1=n_2=n[/tex]. Furthermore, the temperature remains constant, so [tex]T_1=T_2=T[/tex]. Then, the expressions that were find are:
[tex]nRT=808\times10^3~~~(i)\\\\ nRT=(213\times10^3)\cdot V_2~~~(ii)[/tex]
Dividing them:
[tex]\dfrac{nRT}{nRT}=\dfrac{808\times10^3}{(213\times10^3)\cdot V_2}\\\\ 1=\dfrac{808}{213\cdot V_2}\\\\ 213V_2=808\\\\ V_2=\dfrac{808}{213}\\\\ \boxed{V_2\approx 3.79~L}[/tex]
Data:
Vo (initial volume) = 8 L
V (final volume) = ?
Po (initial pressure) = 101 kPa
P (final pressure) = 213 kPa
We have an isothermal transformation, that is, its temperature remains constant, if the volume of the gas in the container decreases, so its pressure increases. Applying the data to the formula, we have:
[tex]P_0*V_0 = P*V[/tex]
[tex]101*8 = 213*V[/tex]
[tex]808 = 213V[/tex]
[tex]213V = 808[/tex]
[tex]V = \dfrac{808}{213} [/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\boxed{V \approx 3,79\:L}}\end{array}}\qquad\checkmark[/tex]
I Hope this helps, greetings ... DexteR!
Which of the following substances will cause the least temperature change if the same amount of each substance is added to 1.0 kg of water?
K3PO4
CuSO4
CH4OH
MgCl2
Answers
This is a question based on colligative property
colligative property is a property of solution which depends upon the number of molecules of solute and solvent
It is independent of nature of solute added to a particular solvent
The colligative properties are
a) elevation in boiling point
b) depression in freezing point
c) relative lowering of vapour pressure
d) osmotic pressure
As given we are adding same mount of each substance
Which means that we are adding same moles of each substance
the minimum number of particles will be produced by CH3OH (methanol) hence it will cause least temperature change.
The greatest change will be due to K3PO4
What cellular process converts solar energy into chemical energy