Answer:
Chemistry A Unit 4: Chemical bonding Lesson 5: Molecular compounds
1. D. The ionic compound has a high meting point.
2. A. The arrangement of bonded atoms
Explanation:
Ionic compounds have a high melting point is a typical characteristic of an ionic compound.
What are ionic compounds?Ionic compounds can be defined as crystalline solids generated by closely packed ions of opposite charge. An Ionic compound is commonly formed whenever metal reacts with nonmetal.
In ionic compounds, the ions are generally held by ionic bonds. The ions are created by losing or gaining electrons to get their nearest noble gas configuration.
In a reaction, the metals lose electrons to gey filled octet while non-metals will gain electrons to get a complete octet.
Ionic compounds have high melting points and are hard as well as brittle. They dissociate into ions whenever dissolved in water. Solutions of ionic compounds can conduct electricity even in the molten state, but solid materials do not.
Ionic compounds form crystals and have higher enthalpies of fusion as well as vapourization than molecular compounds.
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Compare the physical and chemical properties of salt and sugar. what properties do they share?
How much is 35° C in F?
For many enzymes, the rate of product formation increases as the concentration of the substrate increases. eventually the rate of the reaction reaches a maximum at which further increases in the concentration of the substrate have no effect.
You are a stem cell therapist who is researching a stem cell therapy to help broken bones heal faster. This therapy involves injecting stem cells into broken bones. Which type of cells would you likely be injecting?
Answer: Osteoblasts!
Explanation:
They form bone.
When a ketone and its enol are in equilibrium, under most conditions the concentration of the enol is ________ the concentration of the ketone?
Answer:
Much lower than ketone is more stable than enol. N, 4-Dimethylpent -4-en-2-Amine (NH_3 protonated in acidic protoned in acidic conditions) d. [Proton cannot re extracted from OH in acidic conditions to firm O^(-)].
What color is a marker that indicates safe water on all sides?
A white spherical buoy with vertical blue bands is used as a marker that indicates safe water on all sides in maritime settings.
Explanation:A marker that indicates safe water on all sides is typically labeled as a spherical, white buoy with vertical blue bands. These navigational aids are universal in maritime settings and they are also called a Safe Water Mark, or sometimes a fairway, mid-channel, or sea buoy. They indicate that there is safe, navigable water all around the buoy and are not indicative of danger otherwise.
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A marker that indicates safe water on all sides typically has a green color. In nautical navigation, "green" markers, often in the form of buoys or beacons, are used to indicate the safe, navigable side of a channel or waterway.
Green is frequently the color of a signpost that denotes safe water on both sides. "Green" markings, frequently in the shape of buoys or beacons, are used in maritime navigation to denote the side of a canal or waterway that is safe and navigable. A green marker indicates a safe passageway that is to the side of the marker where it is located. These markings are used by seafarers and boaters to make sure they remain in the deep and secure area of the river. On the opposing side, red markings are utilized to denote the area that is safe to cross through. This system is a component of the lateral navigation aids that provide secure and efficient navigation on waterways.
Color Codes for Navigational Aids: Different color codes and markers are used in maritime navigation to give mariners crucial information and aid in their safe navigation of waterways. These "buoys," as these markers are frequently called, are used to designate the locations of hazards, safe channels, and other navigational data.
Safe Water Markers: One category of these navigational aids is safe water markers. They serve to alert mariners to the presence of safe, navigable water. In order to direct vessels away from hazards like shallow places, rocks, or reefs, safe water signs are often set in open, deep waters.
Green: Green is the traditional and universally accepted hue used for safe water markers. A green marker tells seafarers they can safely navigate around the buoy on all sides. The color green is related to the idea of "go" or safe passage. The green buoy, which designates the middle of a navigable channel, is open to vessel traffic on either side.
Topmarks and Shapes: In addition to their distinctive colors, safe water buoys may also include topmarks that stand out to mariners—shapes or symbols that are attached to the buoy's top. These extra characteristics are used to aid seafarers in distinguishing between various marker kinds and to offer more navigational information.
Regulation Compliance: The International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) and the U.S. Coast Guard in the United States have established standards for the usage of green markers to denote safe water. To promote reliable and safe navigation on the water, these organizations offer standards and guidelines for the use of navigational markers and aids.
In conclusion, seafarers can cruise around a green nautical marker without worrying about running aground or coming across hazards because it shows that they are in an area of safe water. It is a crucial component of the system that aids in ensuring the safe passage of ships across waterways all over the world.
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______ bonds are made between successive amino acids during elongation.
Which statement is correct regarding the rate of the reaction below? 3A + B 4X + 2Y The rate of disappearance of B is three times greater than that of A. The rate of formation of Y is twice the rate of formation of X. The rate of formation of X is four times the rate of disappearance of B. The rate of disappearance of A is three times the rate of formation of Y.
A 3.45 microgram sample of Uranium has a mass of how many grams?
It is logical to conclude that water cannot dissolve vegetable oil because the oil is
Answer:
The oil is insoluble with water.
Explanation:
The water and oil do not mix, they are illustrated as immiscible. The molecules of water are polar, that is, they exhibit a small positive charge at one terminal and a small negative charge at the other terminal, and they attach with each other. The molecules of oil are non-polar, and they possess no charge. Due to this, the molecules of oil are more fascinated with each other than to the molecules of water, and the molecules of water are more fascinated towards each other than to the molecules of oil.
At which point could the substance shown exist as a gas or a solid but not a liquid?
Answer:
The substance is not shown, so I'll answer the question in general terms.
Any substance can exist as a gas or a solid but not a liquid below the triple point pressure. As can be seen in the figure attached, below the triple point pressure there are only two possible phases, solid and gas. This means that a solid at a pressure below the triple point pressure which is heated at constant pressure (only its temperature increase) will sublimate, that is, it transforms into gas without passing through liquid phase. Analogously, a gas at a pressure below the triple point pressure which is cooled at constant pressure (only its temperature decrease) will deposit, that is, it transforms into solid without passing through liquid phase .
What is the name of the compound PbS2 • 4H2O?
Final answer:
There seems to be a mix-up as PbS2 • 4H2O doesn't correspond to an accurate chemical compound in this context. Instead, the focus is on the formation of lead sulfate (PbSO4) from reactions involving lead dioxide (PbO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in an acidic medium.
Explanation:
The question seems to be a bit confused in its specifics since PbS2 • 4H2O is not a correctly formulated chemical compound in relation to common lead compounds. However, referring to the provided reactions and information, it seems the question might revolve around lead sulfate (PbSO4) and its reactions. When lead dioxide (PbO2) reacts with sulfur dioxide (SO2) and hydrogen ions in solution, lead sulfate (PbSO4) is formed along with water. This can be seen in the first provided reaction which is essentially about the conversion of lead compounds in acidic medium.
There seems to be a misunderstanding or typo in the compound mentioned, as PbS2 • 4H2O doesn't align with the reactions and compounds discussed, which focus on lead sulfate and its formation. Chemistry often requires precise formulation to accurately represent compounds and reactions.
The reactions provided illustrate the importance of proper chemical notation and understanding chemical compounds involved in electrochemical reactions, like those in lead-acid batteries.
Where are electrons in an atom located? moving outside the nucleus inside the nucleus attached to neutrons
Select all of the items that are true about a sample of water vapor at 101°C as it cools.
A) Its temperature will fall continuously until it condensed into a liquid.
B) Its temperature will fall steadily until reaching 100°C.
C) The molecules of water gain potential energy.
D) Its temperature will remain at 100°C until all the vapor condenses.
Answer: Option (D) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Heat absorbed by a substance to change the state of matter is known as latent heat. This heat is utilized to break the bonds between atoms of the substance so that they can undergo phase change.
So, when water boils at 100 degree Celsius then temperature will remain constant unless and until all the water changes into vapor. As it is the latent heat that breaks the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms of water so that liquid state can change into gaseous state.
Since latent heat is a hidden heat, that is why, it does not get reflected and there is no change in temperature due to it.
Thus, we can conclude that it is true that temperature will remain at 100°C until all the vapor condenses for a sample of water vapor at 101°C as it cools.
Identify the reaction equation, N2 + H2 NH3
A.decomposition reaction
B.double displacement reaction
C.neutralization reaction
D.single replacement reaction
E.synthesis reaction
Answer: The correct answer is Option E.
Explanation:
For the given options:
Option A: Decomposition reactionThis reaction is defined as the chemical reaction in which a single substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
[tex]AB\rightarrow A+B[/tex]
Option B: Double displacement reactionThis reaction is defined as the chemical reaction in which exchange of ions takes place.
[tex]AB+CD\rightarrow AD+CB[/tex]
Option C: Neutralization reactionThis reaction is defined as the chemical reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to produce a salt and water molecule.
[tex]HX+BOH\rightarrow BX+H_2O[/tex]
Option D: Single displacement reactionThis reaction is defined as the chemical reaction in which more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its chemical reaction.
[tex]AB+C\rightarrow CB+A[/tex]
Option E: Synthesis reactionThis reaction is defined as the chemical reaction in which substances combine in their elemental state to form a single compound.
[tex]A+B\rightarrow AB[/tex]
For the given chemical reaction:
[tex]N_2+3H_2\rightarrow 2NH_3(g)[/tex]
This reaction is considered as a synthesis reaction because hydrogen and nitrogen are combining in their elemental state to produce ammonia molecule.
Hence, the correct answer is Option E.
Two electrons are found in the same atom. One has the quantum number set (3, 2, 0, +½), and the other has the quantum number set (3, 1, 0, +½). They share the
a same sub level but differentt orbitals
b same orbital but different spin directions
c same energy level but different sublevels
d same type of sub level but found in different energy sub levels
Answer:
Explanation: In an atom, there is a nucleus at the center that has protons and neutrons inside it and the electrons are present in different shells(energy levels) around the nucleus. These shells(energy levels) are divided into sub shells(sub energy levels).
To know more about the position and other information about an electron present in an atom we use a set of four numbers known as quantum numbers.
The four quantum numbers are:
principal quantum number:- It's denoted by n and it has an integer values 1, 2, 3 and so on. It's tells us about the shell in which an electron is present.
Azimuthal or orbital angular momentum quantum number :- It's denoted by l and its values are (n-1), where n is principal quantum number.
for example, if n = 1 then l = 0
n = 2 then l = 0 or 1
n = 3 then l = 0, 1 or2
and n = 4 then l = 0, 1, 2 or 3
l = 0 indicates the electron is in s subshell.
l = 1 indicates the electron is in p subshell.
l = 2 indicates the electron is in d subshell and
l = 3 indicates the electron is in f subshell.
Magnetic quantum number :- It's denoted by ml and it has values from -l to +l values.
It determines the number of orbitals and their orientation within a subshell.
for example, l = 0 then ml = 0
l = 1 then ml = -1, 0, +1
l = 2 then ml = -2, -1, 0, +1, +2
l = 3 then ml = -3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3
Spin quantum number :- It is denoted by ms and it does not depend on other quantum numbers. It tells us if the spin of an electron is clockwise or counter clockwise.
it has +1/2(clockwise) or -1/2(counter clockwise) values.
The four quantum numbers are written in the order n, l, ml and ms.
If we look at the given two sets of quantum numbers then values of n, ml and ms are same but the value of l is different.
Value of n is same means both electrons are in same energy level. Value of ms is same means the spin of both the electrons is same.
Value of l for the first set is 2 means the electron is present in d-subshell. Value of l for the second set of quantum numbers is 1 means the electron is present in p-subshell.
choice A is not correct as the electrons are in different subshells.
Choice B is also not correct as the electrons spin is in same direction.
Choice C is correct as the electrons are in same energy level but different sublevels.
If you started with 50.0 grams of h2s and 60.0 grams of o2, how many grams of s8 would be produced, assuming 98 % yield?
The number of grams, of S₈, would be produced, assuming 98 % yield is 47.1 grams.
What is mass?Mass is the quantity of matter in a physical body.
The chemical reaction is
8H₂S +4O₂ ---> S₈ + 8H₂O
Molar ratios
8 mol H₂S : 4 mol O2 : 1 mol S8
Convert 50.0 grams of H2S into moles
moles = mass in grams / molar mass
Molar mass H₂S = 2 x 1g/mol + 32.1 g/mol = 34.1 g/mol
Moles = 50.0 g / 34.1 g/mol = 1.466 moles H2S
Convert 60.0 g of O₂ into moles
Molar mass O2 = 2 x 16g/mol = 32.0g/mol
moles = 60.0g / 32.0 g = 1.875 moles O2
State-limiting reagent
Theoretical ratio: 8 mol H₂S / 4 mol O2 = 8/4 = 2/1 = 2
Actual ratio 1.466 mol H₂S / 1.875 mol O2 < 2
=> H₂S is the limiting reagent (it is consumed completely whilce some O2 remains unreacted).
Determine the moles of S₈ produced from 1.466 moles H₂S
1 mol S₈ / 8 mol H₂S x 1.466 mol H₂S = 0.18325 mol S₈
Convert 0.18325 mol S to mass
mass = number of moles x molar mass
molar mass S₈ = 8 mol x 32.1g/mol = 256.8 g/mol
mass = 0.18325 mol x 256.8 g/mol = 47.1 grams
Thus, the mass of the S₈ is 47.1 g.
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If an isotope of an element has 18 neutrons and a mass number of 35, how many electrons must it have?
compare and contrast thomsons plum pudding model with rutherfords nuclear atomic model
Different atomic models were proposed to explain the distributions of charged particles in an atom. Two of these models proposed by J.J. Thomason and Ernest Rutherford are discussed below.
Similarities
Both models explain the presence of positively charged and negatively charged particles. Thomson's model indicates that atoms have a spherical shape. Rutherford's model indicates that electrons are revolving around the nucleus, which is a sphere shape. Both models state that positively and negatively charged particles are held together by the electrostatic force of attraction.Differences
Thomason's Plum pudding model describes that atom possess a spherical shape in which positive charges are distributed uniformly. Rutherford's model states that positively charges particles concentrates on the center called the nucleus. Thomason's model does not give any idea about the nucleus and Rutherford's model explains about the nucleus. Thomason's model states that electrons are embedded in positively charged particles. In Rutherford's model electrons are revolving around the nucleus in a circular path called orbits.Hence, we can conclude that the key difference is that, Thomason's model does not give any idea about the nucleus and Rutherford's model explains about the nucleus.
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Which atoms have the same number of neutrons?
1) H-1 and He-3
2) H-2 and He-3
3) H-3 and He-3
4) H-3 and He-4
Final answer:
Atoms H-2 (deuterium) and He-3 both have 1 neutron each, which means they have the same number of neutrons.
Explanation:
The student has asked which atoms have the same number of neutrons. To find this out, we must compare the nucleon number (sum of protons and neutrons) for each atom and subtract the atomic number (number of protons) to get the number of neutrons.
For H-1 (protium), it has 1 proton and no neutrons.
For H-2 (deuterium), it has 1 proton and 1 neutron.
For H-3 (tritium), it has 1 proton and 2 neutrons.
For He-3, it has 2 protons and 1 neutron.
For He-4, it has 2 protons and 2 neutrons.
From this, we can see that H-2 (deuterium) and He-3 both have 1 neutron.
Therefore, the correct answer is (2) H-2 and He-3 have the same number of neutrons.
How test berween nitric and sulferic acid?
Joey was taking a chemistry test. one question asked him to write the electron configuration for polonium (po). he wrote it out like this: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s25d106p4. joey’s teacher marked it wrong. why?
Polonium has an atomic number of 84 in the periodic table and is solid at 20 degrees Celsius. It is an alpha emitter which is used to extract a thin film for stainless steel. They are used for antistatic devices and a good source of heat for space machines. The correct electron configuration of a polonium atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4. What is lacking in his configuration is the presence of the f sub shell. He should have added 4f14 before 5d10 because if he did not add it, it would give another element.
when the volume of a gas is changed from 3.75 L to 6.52 L the temperature will change from 100k to blank k
Hello!
We have an isobaric transformation, that is, when a certain mass under pressure maintains its constant pressure, on the other hand, as we increase the temperature, the volume increases and if we lower the temperature, the volume decreases and vice versa .
We have the following data:
V1 (initial volume) = 3.75 L
V2 (final volume) = 6.52 L
T1 (initial temperature) = 100 K
T2 (final temperature) =? (in Kelvin)
We apply the data to the formula of isobaric transformation (Gay-Lussac), let us see:
[tex]\dfrac{V_1}{T_1} =\dfrac{V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{3.75}{100} =\dfrac{6.52}{T_2}[/tex]
[tex]3.75*T_2 = 100*6.52[/tex]
[tex]3.75\:T_2 = 652[/tex]
[tex]T_2 = \dfrac{652}{3.75}[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\boxed{T_2 \approx 173.87\:K}}\Longleftarrow(final\:temperature)\end{array}}\qquad\checkmark[/tex]
_________________________
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An atomic physicist determines that an atom is composed of 8 positively charged particles and has a mass of 15 amu. Which is the best conclusion that can be drawn? A. 7 neutrons and 8 protons. B. 7 electrons and 8 protons. C. 8 neutrons and 7 electrons. D. 8 electrons and 7 protons.
Answer: The correct answer is Option A.
Explanation:
There are 3 subatomic particles present in an atom. They are: protons, electrons and neutrons.
Protons carry positive charge, electrons carry negative charge and neutrons does not carry any charge.
Any neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons.
Mass number is defined as the sum of number of neutrons and number of protons present in an atom. It is represented as A.
Mass number = Number of neutrons + Number of protons
We are given:
Number of positively charged particles = Number of protons = 8
Mass number = 15
Number of neutrons = 15 - 8 = 7
Hence, the correct answer is Option A.
Aluminum oxide (used as an adsorbent or a catalyst for organic reactions) forms when aluminum reacts with oxygen.
What characteristic shared between chlorine, fluorine, and bromine makes them have similar properties?
A. All have seven valence electrons.
B. All have the same number of protons in their outermost energy levels.
C. All have two electrons in their first energy levels.
D. All have a similar state of matter.
The Correct Answer is A. If you look at the periodic table of elements, you may notice that Chlorine (Cl, #17), Fluorine (F, #9), and Bromine (Br, #35) are all in the same family (or column). That is group VIIA or 17. VII is 7 in roman numerals and that is the number of valence electrons.
Hope that helps!
The bond formed between iron (electronegativity = 1.9) and chlorine (electronegativity = 3.2) is
Answer:
Polar covalent.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, ionic and covalent bonds could be differentiated by subtracting the constituents' electronegativities. Thus, for iron and chlorine, we have:
[tex]\Delta E=E_{Cl}-E_{Fe}=3.2-1.9=1.3[/tex]
Hence, when such difference is less than 1.7, the bond is polar covalent as it is also greater than 0.7.
Best regards.
A substance decays so that the amount a of the substance left after t years is given by: a = a 0 · (0.9) t , where a 0 is the original amount of the substance. what is the half-life (the amount of time that it takes to decay to half the original amount) of this substance rounded to the nearest tenth of a year?
I think the correct form of the equation is given as:
a = a0 * (0.9)^t
where t is an exponent of 0.9 since this is an exponential decay of 1st order reaction
Now to solve for the half life, this is the time t in which the amount left is half of the original amount, therefore that is when:
a = 0.5 a0
Substituting this into the equation:
0.5 a0 = a0 * (0.9)^t
0.5 = (0.9)^t
Taking the log of both sides:
t log 0.9 = log 0.5
t = log 0.5 / log 0.9
t = 6.58 years
Answer:
half life = 6.58 years
Answer:
6.58 years
Explanation:
How many different types of atoms are present in one molecule of aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3? 2 3 4 5
Answer: There are exactly 3 different types of atoms in one molecule of aluminum hdroxide.
Hope this helps!
What are the two parts of an atom?
Answer:
The nucleus and the electron cloud.
Explanation:
The protons and neutrons are in the nucleus and the electrons and in the electron cloud. Hope this helps!