Which isotope has the greatest number of protons?

A Pa-238

B U-240

C Np-238

D Pu-239

Answer:

A Oxidizes in air

Explanation:

The chemical properties are those properties that tells us what a substance does as regards to wether it reacts with other substances or not. Most chemical properits of matter signifies a change in their chemical make up.

When a matter oxidizes in air, it depicts its chemical property. It tells us how in the presence of air such a substance would interact. Not all matter oxidizes in air.

Other chemical properties are flammability, rusting of iron, precipitation, decomposition of wate by electric current.

Answer:

d.

Explanation:

Concentration of reactant mostly accelerates the rate of a reaction(at a higher concentration, reactants collide more often).

Explanation:

When there is more concentration of reactants then it means there are more number of molecules. Hence, then there will be more number of collisions taking place in the chemical reaction.

As a result, rate of reaction will increase with increase in concentration.

On the other hand, when there is decrease in concentration of reactants then it means less number of reactant molecules are taking part in the chemical reaction.

Hence, there will be less number of collisions between the molecules due to which there will be decrease in the rate of reaction.

Answer:

The particles must be in the correct orientation upon impact.

The particles must collide with enough energy to meet the activation energy of the reaction.

Explanation:

This a problem related to chemical kinetics. The collision theory is one of the theories of reaction rates and it perfectly explains how the effectiveness of colliding molecules dictates the pace of a reaction.

For reactions to occur, there must be collisions between reacting particles. It implies that the collision per unit time and how successful collisions are determines the rate of chemical reactions in most cases. Therefore, for a collision to be successful, colliding particle must have enough energy  which is greater than the activation energy of the reaction. In order to also produce the desired products, the colliding particles must be properly oriented.

Answer:

The particles must be in the correct orientation upon impact.

The particles must collide with enough energy to meet the activation energy of the reaction.

Explanation:

Particles must collide in order for chemical reactions to take place, but they must collide in the correct orientation.

Heat increases the rate at which particles collide and the force with which they collide, and so will usually increase the rate at which reactions occur. So, although heat can affect reaction rates, it is not the determining factor for their occurrence.

Although pH can influence the reaction rates of many biological reactions, it is generally only relevant to acid-base reactions.

The activation energy is the minimum required kinetic energy that the particles must possess in order for a reaction to take place.

Answer:

Explanation:

Chemical reactions follow a path: reactants increase their chemical energies, form activated complexes (transition compounds) until reaching the activation energy, from which the final products are formed.

Catalysts are substances that can change the path of the reactions by lowering the activation energy (first statement is true) and, consequently, speeding up the reaction (third statement is true).

The activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required for the reactants to form the activated complex. So, catalysts, by providing a new path, where the activation energy is lower, manage to incrase the rate of the reaction.

But catalysts, although intervene in the reaction by modifying the way the reactants will react, do not form part of the reactants nor products, so they are not consumed by the overall reaction (second statement is false).

In chemistry, catalysts lower the activation energy thus speeding up chemical reactions, but they are not consumed by the reaction.

The first statement, Catalysts lower activation energy, is true. Catalysts work by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. This allows the reaction to proceed more rapidly.

The second statement, Catalysts are consumed by the overall reaction, is false. One of the key characteristics of a catalyst is that it is not consumed in the reaction. While it may temporarily bond with reactants during the process, it is released and available to participate in subsequent reactions.

The third statement, Catalysts speed up chemical reaction, is true. By lowering the activation energy, catalysts allows the reaction to occur at a faster rate.

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Answer:

relative numbers of each molecule or formula unit

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Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Alkaline earth metals are the family of metals that belong to group (column) number 2 in the periodic table.

You can tell the number of valence electrons of the representative elements by the number of column: the ones digit is the number of valence electrons.

This is how this works:

Column number   ones digit     number of valence electrons

1                                  1                  1 (alkali metals)

2                                 2                 2 (alkaline earth metals)

13                                3                 3

14                                4                 4

15                                5                 5

16                                6                 6

17                                 7                 7 (halogens)

18                                 8                 8 (noble gases).

Of course, this is consequence of the electron configurations.

Alkaline earth metals, such as Beryllium and Magnesium, found in group 2 of the periodic table, have two valence electrons that are responsible for bonding.

Alkaline earth metals, which are found in the second group of the periodic table, have two valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom and participate in forming chemical bonds. Examples of alkaline earth metals are Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), and Barium (Ba), among others. In all of these cases, they have two electrons in their outer shell, which makes them alkaline earth metals.

For instance, Beryllium (Be) is an alkaline earth metal and it is in the second column (group 2) of the periodic table, this means it has two electrons in its outer shell. These valence electrons are the ones available for bonding with other atoms.

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Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Since it is given that temperature of hot water is 40 degree celsius. So, when cold water is added into it then it will absorb heat from the hot water and hence, temperature of cold water will become equal to 40 degree celsius.

Therefore, a thermal equilibrium will be maintained as temperature of both hot and cold water becomes equal. In thermal equilibrium, hotter body loses the heat and colder body absorbs the heat.

Therefore, we can conclude that the true statement about the hot water in the calorimeter is its final temperature was [tex]40^{o}C[/tex].

Answer:

D. final temperature was 40c

Explanation:

Answer:C8H10

Explanation:

The greater the number of carbon molecules in the atom, the greater the boiling point

Answer:

The concentration of a solution can be expressed in a number of ways or units. For example:

Explanation:

The concentration of a solution can be expressed in different units.

Concentration is a measure of the amount of solute in an amount of solvent or solution.

These are some units used to express the concentration, depending on the measure (concept) used:

Measure             Definition                                               units

(concept)

Molarity              moles of solute per liter of solution      mol / liter

Molality              moles of solute per kg of solvent          mol / Kg

% (w/w)               percent mass/mass                                 % g / g

% (w/V)                percent  mass / volume                          % g/V

% (V/V)                percent volume / volume                        & V/V            

for liquid to gas, Evaporation or vaporization.

for gas to liquid, condensation occurs. The opposite of evaporation. Condensation is when the gas gives up it's latent heat and simply condenses.

Answer:

Explanation:

1) Assume 100 g of substace:

2) Convert the masses in grams to number of moles

Calculations:

3) State the ratio of moles.

Divide the number of moles of each element by the least number of moles:

4) Set the empirical formula:

5) Calculate the mass of one mol of the empirical formula:

6) Calculate how many times the mass of the empirical formula is contained in the mass of the molecular formula:

7) Set the molecular formula:

Multiply each subscript of the empirical formula by the previos ratio: 3

Conclusion: the molecular formula is C₃H₆

Answer:

C₃H₆

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

At high elevations the atmospheric pressure is lower. That means that slower moving molecules of water at the surface meet with less resistance from the atmospheric pressure. So the water begins to escape with less energy needed. The boiling point goes from 100 at sea level to about 93 degrees about 6000 feet up.

Answer:

[tex]\boxed{88 \%}[/tex]

Explanation:

[tex]A = \epsilon cl\\A = -\log T\\\epsilon cl = -\log T[/tex]

ε and l are constants.

If there are two different concentrations of benzene,

[tex]\dfrac{c_{2}}{c_{1}} = \dfrac{\log T_{2}}{\log T_{1}}[/tex]

Data:

c₁ = c₁; c₂ = 0.1c₁;

T₁ = 0.28: T₂ = ?

Calculation:

[tex]\dfrac{0.10c_{1}}{c_{1}} = \dfrac{\log T_{2}}{\log 0.28}\\\\\log T_{2}= 0.10 \times \log0.28 = -0.0553\\\\T_{2} = 10^{-0.0553} = 0.88 \\\\\boxed{T_{2} = \textbf{88 \%}}[/tex]

Answer A

Explanation:

Answer:

(A) 100 newtons/m^2

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, the equation defining such changes is:

[tex]P_1V_1T_2=P_2V_2T_1[/tex]

Thus, the unknown is the pressure at the second state, which is found as shown below:

[tex]P_2=\frac{P_1V_1T_2}{V_2T_1}=\frac{300Pa*6L*250K}{9L*500K} \\P_2=100Pa=100\frac{N}{m^2}[/tex]

Therefore, the answer is (A).

Best regards.

You are right the answer is B.

Universal Gravitational Law

Explanation:

It is known that relation between average molecular speed and and molar mass is as follows.

    [tex]\frac{R_{1}}{R_{2}} = \sqrt{\frac{M_{2}}{M_{1}}}[/tex]

where, [tex]R_{1}[/tex] = average molecular speed of gas 1

             [tex]R_{2}[/tex] = average molecular speed of gas 2

            [tex]M_{1}[/tex] = molar mass of gas 1

            [tex]M_{2}[/tex] = molar mass of gas 2

This means that more is the molar mass of a gas lesser will be its average molecular speed.

Hence, molar mass of nitrogen ([tex]N_{2}[/tex]) = 14 g/mol

Molar mass of helium (He) = 2 g/mol

Molar mass of oxygen ([tex]O_{2}[/tex]) = 16 g/mol

Molar mass of carbon dioxide ([tex]CO_{2}[/tex]) = 44 g/mol

Thus, given gases are arranged in order of increasing average molecular speed at [tex]25^{o}C[/tex] as follows.

        [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] < [tex]O_{2}[/tex] < [tex]N_{2}[/tex] < He

Answer:

The correct answer is [tex]CO_{2} >O_{2} > N_{2} > He[/tex]

Explanation:

The relationship between the molecular weight of the compound and the speed of the compound is inverse.

Hence, the more the molecular weight, the less the molecular speed.

The molecular weight is as follows:-

carbon dioxide has 44, oxygen has 32, nitrogen has 28 and helium is 4.

Therefore, the correct sequence is [tex]CO_{2} >O_{2} > N_{2} > He[/tex]

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Answer:

C) C₆H₁₂O₆.

Explanation:

Molecular mass = ∑(no. of atoms * atomic mass).

A) CH₂O:

molecular mass = atomic mass of C + 2*atomic mass of H + atomic mass of O = (12.0 g/mol) + (2 * 1.0 g/mol) + (16.0 g/mol) = 30.0 g/mol.

B) C₃H₈O₃:

molecular mass = 3(atomic mass of C) + 8(atomic mass of H) + 3(atomic mass of O) = 3(12.0 g/mol) + 8(1.0 g/mol) + 3(16.0 g/mol) = 92.0 g/mol.

C) C₆H₁₂O₆:

molecular mass = 6(atomic mass of C) + 12(atomic mass of H) + 6(atomic mass of O) = 6(12.0 g/mol) + 12(1.0 g/mol) + 6(16.0 g/mol) = 180.0 g/mol.

D) C₈H₁₆O₈:

molecular mass = 8(atomic mass of C) + 16(atomic mass of H) + 8(atomic mass of O) = 8(12.0 g/mol) + 16(1.0 g/mol) + 8(16.0 g/mol) = 240.0 g/mol.

So, the right choice is: C) C₆H₁₂O₆.

The molecular formula of the compound is the C₆H₁₂O₆. The correct option is C.

The empirical formula of the fructose and the glucose = CH₂O

The molecular mass of the compound = 180.15948 g/mol

The empirical formula mass of the molecule, CH₂O = 12 + 2(1) + 16 = 30 g/mol

The number of empirical formula units =  180.15948 g/mol / 30 g/mol

The number of empirical formula units = 6

The molecular formula of the compound = 6( CH₂O)

The molecular formula of the compound = C₆H₁₂O₆

Therefore, the molecular formula of the compound is C₆H₁₂O₆. The option C is correct.

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Based on the information given, the solid will C. be unaffected because attractive forces within the crystal lattice are too strong for the dissolution to occur.

It should be noted that in a situation where the attractive forces that are among the solid are less than the attractive forces between the solid and a liquid, then the solid won't dissolute.

In this case, the solid will not dissolve since the particles cannot be pulled away. Therefore, the solid will be unaffected due to the fact that the attractive forces that are within the crystal lattice are too strong for the dissolution to occur.

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Final answer:

When the attractive forces between a solid and a liquid exceed those among the solid particles, the A. solid will dissolve, following the solvation process and the principle of 'like dissolves like'.

Explanation:

If the attractive forces among the solid are less than the attractive forces between the solid and a liquid, the solid will dissolve as particles are pulled away from the crystal lattice by the molecules of the liquid. This is due to the process called solvation, where the interactions between solute and solvent are stronger, leading to the separation of the solute particles which are then surrounded by solvent molecules.

Thus, when a solid dissolves in a liquid, the intermolecular forces between the solid particles and the solvent molecules overcome the forces holding the solid together, allowing the solid to break apart and mix uniformly with the liquid. This concept follows the principle that like dissolves like, suggesting that substances with similar intermolecular forces tend to form solutions.

Answer:

A)  the number of electrons in the outer shells.

Explanation:

The Bohr's model of the atoms shows that electrons orbits the nucleus in energy levels that are discrete and quantised. Orbital electrons are pulled by the nucleus. The nuclear pull is strongest on the shells closer to the nucleus and weakest as we reach the outermost sphere.

From this model, we see that chemical properties are governed by how much electrons an atom is ready to lose from its outermost shell in which the energy is the lowest. It is the electrons in the outermost shell or valence shell that determines how atoms would behave chemically.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Answer:

Prefix

Explanation:

The prefix of the hydrocarbon name indicates the amount of carbon in the molecule, derived from the longest continuous carbon chain within the compound, according to IUPAC nomenclature.

The part of the hydrocarbon name that tells you the amount of carbon in the molecule is the prefix. The prefix is determined by the number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous carbon chain. For example, the prefix for a hydrocarbon with three carbon atoms would be 'prop' and the full name for an alkane with this number of carbons would be propane. This naming system is part of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) rules for nomenclature, which provides a systematic way to name hydrocarbons and other organic compounds.

Hydrocarbon compounds with different numbers of carbon atoms use specific numerical prefixes such as 'meth-' for one carbon, 'eth-' for two, 'prop-' for three, up to 'dec-' for ten, and beyond. The ending of the hydrocarbon name, such as '-ane', '-ene', or '-ol', indicates the type of hydrocarbon or functional group but does not tell you about the number of carbon atoms.

Answer:

1. One atom splits

2. large

3. neutrons

Explanation:

In the process of nuclear fission,1__one atom splits___.Fission only happens to very 2(__large___) atoms.The Fission process usually also produces several free 3(__neutrons___).

Nuclear fission is a radioactive decay process in which heavy and unstable radioactive nucleus decays into lighter ones with the release of energy and free neutrons.

Fission differs from fusion in that in nuclear fusion, two light atoms comes together to form a large one. This process releases a very great amount of energy.

Answer:  1.  One atom splits into two, 2.  Large 3.  Neutrons

Explanation:

Answer:

molar mass = 16.03 g/mol.

Yes, the mentioned gas is methane.

Explanation:

where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm (P = 1.0 atm, at STP).

V is the volume of the gas in L (V = 2.0 L).

n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol (n = ??? mol).

R  is the general gas constant (R = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K),

T is the temperature of the gas in K (T = 273 K, at STP).

∴ n = PV/RT = (1.0 atm)(2.0 L)/(0.0821 L.atm/mol.K)(273 K) = 0.08923 mol.

∵ n = mass/molar mass

∴ molar mass = mass/n = (1.43 g)/(0.08923 mol) = 16.03 g/mol.

∵ molar mass of methane (CH₄) = 16.0 g/mol.

So, the mentioned gas is methane.

Answer:

Explanation:

Matter has physical and chemical properties.

A physical property can be measured or observed without changing the chemical composition of the matter, this matter will remain being the same matter after observing or measuring its physical properties.

Some examples of physical properties are density, boiling point, malleability, mass, volume, freezing point, ductibility, among many others.

On the other hand, chemical properties are only observed when a chemical change takes place. In this case the matter undergoes a chemical reaction and the original substance becomes one or more different substances.

Combustibility is the property of ungergoing a combustion reaction. The combustion reactions are those in which matter reacts with oxygen releasing energy and light.

Organic matter undergoes combustion producing carbon dioxide and water.

An example of combustion is the burning of methane:

As you see, to observe the combustibility of methane it must undergo a chemical change, so this is a chemical property.

The best description of the illustration is option C. A mixture made up of different compounds.

The illustration appears to be a mixture made up of different compounds. It contains several distinct shapes, including triangles and circles, which could represent different types of molecules.

Additionally, the colors of the shapes vary, suggesting that they are composed of different elements.

However, based on the visual evidence, it is most likely a mixture of multiple compounds.

Therefore, option C, "A mixture made up of different compounds" is the best description of the illustration.

The correct option is c. A mixture made up of different compounds.

To best describe the illustration, one must understand the definitions of the terms involved:

A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition and distinct properties. It cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by physical methods. Pure substances can be either elements or compounds.

An element is a pure substance that consists of a single type of atom and cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

A compound is a pure substance composed of two or more elements in a specific ratio and structure, forming a molecule with distinct chemical properties.

A mixture is a combination of two or more different substances (either elements or compounds) that are not chemically bonded and can be present in varying proportions. Mixtures can be either homogeneous (uniform composition throughout) or heterogeneous (non-uniform composition).

Given that the illustration depicts a mixture, it means that the components are not chemically bonded and can vary in proportion. If the mixture is made up of different compounds, it implies that there are multiple substances, each with its own unique chemical composition, mixed together but not reacting to form a new substance. This is consistent with the definition of a mixture made up of different compounds.

Answer:

Explanation:

1) Data:

a) n = 0.50 mol

b) V = 500 ml

c) M = ?

2) Formula:

                       M = n / V (liter)

3) Conversion of units:

4) Solution:

Substitute in the formula:

The answer must be reported with two significant figures.

The molarity of the sodium chloride solution is 1.0 M. The molarity is 1.0 M because 0.50 moles of NaCl is dissolved in 0.50 liters of solution, resulting in 1.0 M.

To calculate the molarity of the solution, we use the formula:

[tex]\[ \text{Molarity (M)} = \frac{\text{Number of moles of solute (n)}}{\text{Volume of solution (V) in liters}} \][/tex]

Given that we have 0.50 moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) and the volume of the solution is 500 ml (which is equivalent to 0.5 liters), we can plug these values into the formula:

[tex]\[ \text{Molarity (M)} = \frac{0.50 \text{ mol}}{0.50 \text{ L}} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \text{Molarity (M)} = 1.0 \text{ M} \][/tex]

Therefore, the molarity of the sodium chloride solution is 1.0 M.

Answer:

What can be added to an atom to cause a nonvalence electron in the atom to temporarily become a valence electron is energy.

Explanation:

The normal state of the atoms, where all the electrons are occupying the lowest possible energy level, is called ground state.

The valence electrons are the electrons that occupy the outermost shell, this is the electrons in the highest main energy level (principal quantum number) of the atom.

So, a nonvalence electron occupies an orbital with less energy than what a valence electron does; in consequence, in order to a nonvalence electron jump from its lower energy level to the higher energy level of a valence electron, the former has to absorb (gain) energy.

This new state is called excited state and is temporary: the electron promoted to the higher energy level will emit the excess energy, in the form of light (photons), to come back to the lower energy level and so the atom return to the ground state.

Answer:

Energy-

and it can be added to an atom to cause a non-valence electron in the atom to temporarily become a valence electron

Answer:

A sounds like the best answer to me because thermal energy can cool very quickly if its hot

Explanation:

Answer: Option a

Explanation: Thermal energy can be defined as using heat as a form of energy for doing work. It can be used for various processes.

But there is a problem associated with this energy, that is the thermal energy dessipiates very fastly and so it cannot be used as a form of energy for doing work.

It cools down very fastly and so it cannot be used as a source.

Answer:B 2.92

Explanation: its correct my guy

Answer:

2.83848 grams of [tex]H_{2}[/tex] are produced

Explanation:

Assuming that the reaccions continues until the total consumption of the reagents, it is possible to establish:

1 mol Al = 1 mol [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex]

2 mol [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex] = 3 mol [tex]H_{2}[/tex]

Then, by looking at the periodic table, it is possible to know the molar wheigt of the compounds:

1 mol Al = 29.9815 gr

1 mol [tex]H_{2}[/tex] = 2 gr

1 mol  [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex] = 136.3405 gr

Reeplacing the moles with the respectly wheights of compounds:

29.9815 gr Al = 136.3405 gr [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex]

      X     gr Al = 129 gr [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex]

So, 129 grams of [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex] equals to 28.3673 grams of Al.

Then, following the same line of thought:

29.963 gr Al (2 moles) = 6 gr [tex]H_{2}[/tex] (3 moles)

28.3673 gr Al  = Y gr [tex]H_{2}[/tex]

So, 28.3673 grams of Al equals to 2.8384 grams of [tex]H_{2}[/tex].

Answer:

Explanation:

Start by writing the chemical formula of calcium chloride.

The suffix -ide in chloride means that chlorine is working as the ion Cl⁻, this is with oxidation state -1.

Calcium, being an alkaline earth metal, uses oxidation state +2, Ca²⁺

Then, two atoms of Cl are combined with one atom of calcium, because in this way each Cl atom will accept one electron from a Ca atom, which will donate its two valence electrons.

That is indicated in the chemical formula with subscripts: CaCl₂, meaning that each formula-unit of calcium chloride has 2 ions of chlorine and 1 ions of calcium, or twice the number of moles of chloride ion.

       ⇒ 2 mol CaCl₂ : 2 mol Ca⁺ : 4 mol Cl⁻

Hence, there are 4 moles of chloride ions in 2 moles of calcium chloride.

Answer:

50. mL

Explanation: