What happens to water molecules in light dependent reactions?
To replenish the photosystem II's lost electrons, water splits into oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons in the reaction that is light-dependent.
What role of water in light dependent reactions?Water not only creates oxygen, but also hydrogen ions and electrons. NADPH (nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphoric acid in its reduced form) and ATP are created using the electrons and protons (adenosine triphosphate).
Additionally, ATP is created to be used in the light independent reactions as hydrogen ions flow through ATP synthase.
Chlorophyll absorbs solar energy during the light-dependent reactions that occur at the thylakoid membrane and then uses water to change it into chemical energy.
As water is broken down, oxygen is released as a consequence of the light-dependent reactions.
Therefore, Energy storage and electron donor/carrier molecules include ATP and NADPH.
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Where does fertilization take place in conifers? asap!!
a-in the ovary of female cone
b-in the scales of a female cone
c-on the outer part of a male cone
d-under the scales of a male cone
A) in the ovary of female cone
- Prodixy ☕
The word cervical means pertaining to the
Which of the following is not a product of the second stage of glycolysis?
ATP
NADH
pyruvate
carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is not produced in the second stage of glycolysis; it is produced during the decarboxylation of pyruvate and in the Krebs cycle.
Explanation:The product not formed during the second stage of glycolysis is carbon dioxide (CO2). Glycolysis, occurring in the cytoplasm, consists of an energy investment phase followed by an energy generation phase. The second stage of glycolysis, also known as the energy payoff phase, results in the formation of ATP, NADH, and pyruvate. Carbon dioxide is not a product of this phase of glycolysis; instead, it is released during the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate and during the Krebs cycle.
The __________ pathway extends from primary visual cortex to the temporal cortex and is known as the "what pathway
The largest group of organisms that is capable of interbreeding is ____________. A.)kingdom
B.)order
C.)genus
D.)species
Water is said to have a low vapor pressure. How does this property affect large bodies of liquid water on Earth? It prevents them from freezing. It prevents them from flowing underground. It prevents them from spreading onto land. It prevents them from drying out.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The water starts boiling at 100°C and at this stage all the water will be converted into vapor which is not possible as the temperature of water never reaches 100°C.
It has low vapor pressure and low volatility. Example: More petrol will be converted into vapor as compared to water at the same temperature.
hence, this property of water allows it to remain in liquid state and not being dried out during summers.
How do most autosomal recessive alleles that lead to lethal diseases persist in human populations?
The first sign of puberty in females is the beginning of breast development.
a. True
b. False
Which statement best describes the exosphere? It extends down to sea level. It is the place where meteors burn out. It is the layer where we observe lightning. It is the last layer of the atmosphere before space.
**It is the last layer of the atmosphere before space.** Hope It Helped. :)
Water pollution is the addition of harmful substances to water. Some of these substances are found at home. What household chemicals might be harmful if not disposed of properly?
The household chemicals that might be harmful if not disposed of properly are - cleaning supplies, bleach, laundry detergent, window cleaner, fertilizers. oils, and soap
Various household and industrial chemicals can enter the environment from many different sources such as landfills, incinerators, tanks, drums, or factories.
Human exposure to hazardous chemicals can occur at the source or the chemical can come into contact with people.Chemicals can move through the water and cause water pollution.They can also affect the food we eat and the water we drink.The household chemicals that might be harmful if not disposed of properly are - cleaning supplies, bleach, laundry detergent, window cleaner, fertilizers. oils, and soap
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Which two spinal curvatures are obvious at birth?
The primary curves of the vertebral column that are obvious at birth are the thoracic curve and the sacrococcygeal curve.
Explanation:During fetal development, the body is flexed anteriorly into the fetal position, giving the entire vertebral column a single curvature that is concave anteriorly. In the adult, this fetal curvature is retained in two regions of the vertebral column as the thoracic curve, which involves the thoracic vertebrae, and the sacrococcygeal curve, formed by the sacrum and coccyx. Each of these is thus called a primary curve because they are retained from the original fetal curvature of the vertebral column.
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Solution concentration can be described in terms of tonicity. Solutions are hypertonic, isotonic, or hypotonic to cells. A hypertonic is one that has a greater concentration of solute outside the cell and therefore a lower concentration. Water will leave the cell, to the outside environment. This is one reason why organisms that live in fresh water cannot survive in salt water, the ocean. Water will leave the organism’s cells and eventually the cells will undergo plasmolysis and the organisms will die. An isotonic solution is a balanced solution. That is, the solution concentration is balanced with the solution inside the cell. Finally, when a cell is surrounded by a hypotonic solution, concentration of solute is greater inside the cell, concentration of water greater outside. Water moves into the cell and the cell swells. If enough water enters, the cell can burst.
On Day 2, the egg was placed in 10% salt water. Based on the student data, what type of solution would we label 10% salt water in this case?
A) hypertonic
B) hypotonic
C) isotonic
D) saline
The 10% salt water solution is classified as a hypertonic solution because it has a higher solute concentration than the inside of the cell, causing water to leave the cell and possibly leading to cell shrinkage or plasmolysis.
Explanation:The answer to what type of solution the 10% salt water is can be determined by its effect on cells. When an egg is placed in 10% salt water, if the egg shrinks or shrivels, this indicates that water is leaving the cell, making the 10% salt water a hypertonic solution.
Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solute compared to the inside of the cell, resulting in water moving out of the cell. This will cause the cell to lose water and undergo plasmolysis, which can be detrimental to the cell. An isotonic solution would have the same solute concentration as inside the cell, while a hypotonic solution would have a lesser solute concentration, causing water to enter the cell and potentially leading to the cell bursting. Therefore, given the data indicating that the egg was placed in 10% salt water which is likely a significantly higher solute environment than the interior of the cell, option (A) hypertonic is the correct answer.
What is the purpose of the plasma membrane?
a) makes food for the cell
b) reproduces cells
c) keeps the cell small
d) encloses specific structuers
Which type of cell lines the cavities and surfaces of blood vessels and organs?
neuron
epithelial cell
muscle cell
blood cell
Answer:
The correct answer would be the epithelial cells.
Explanation:
Epithelium cell forms one out of 4 basic types of animal tissue lines, along with muscle tissue, connective tissue, and nervous tissue. Epithelial cells line the outer surfaces of blood vessels and organs throughout the body.
These cell lines also present inner surfaces of cavities in many internal organs. Epithelial tissue present on a basement membrane acts as a scaffolding that assists epithelium to grow and regenerate after injuries.
Thus, the correct answer would be the epithelial cells.
Which of the following statements about opossums is true? a. Opossums do not give birth to live young. b. Opossums are mainly active during the day. c. Opossums play dead to evade predators. d. Opossums are similar in size to squirrels.
Answer:
c. Opossums play dead to evade predators.
Explanation:
Opossums are marsupials and endemic to the regions of America. They are known to display a very unique physiological behavior of playing dead whenever they are under stress due to encounter with a predator. Playing dead is an involuntary response which occurs automatically in the body of opossums which may last from 40 minutes to 4 hours.
Rest of the options are wrong because opossums are viviparous not oviparous. They are nocturnal i.e. active during night & inactive during daytime. They are bigger in size as compared to squirrels.
Describe the roles of the nervous muscular circulatory and respiratory systems in heat regulation
People generally possess ___________ self-schema.
a.one
b.three
c.no (i.e., none)
d.many
Fill in the blanks. glycolysis leads to the production of ______ and two molecules of atp. in the absence of oxygen, fermentation can lead to the production of ______. glycolysis plus the krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) can convert the carbons of glucose to xxxxxx , storing the energy as atp, xxxxx and xxxxx.
Glycolysis results in the formation of pyruvate and generates ATP. Under anaerobic conditions, fermentation gives rise to lactic acid. The Krebs cycle transforms the carbon atoms from glucose into carbon dioxide, while simultaneously storing energy in the form of ATP, water, and molecules that carry electrons.
Explanation:Glycolysis results in the production of pyruvate and the generation of ATP. Under anaerobic conditions, fermentation gives rise to lactic acid. In the Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle), the carbons from glucose are converted into carbon dioxide while simultaneously storing energy in the form of ATP, water, and electron carrier molecules (NADH and FADH2).
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A patient recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) states, "i am perfectly fine, and i don't want to discuss my treatment and condition." after considering the patient's current stage of grief, which action by the nurse would be appropriate?
What is the current widely accepted theory about global climate change and what are some predictions associated with it?
Answer:
Anthropogenic (man-made) Global Warming, or AGW
Explanation:
The current, widely accepted, theory about global climate change is call Anthropogenic (man-made) Global Warming, or AGW. The theory states that man-made greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide (CO2 ), are the predominant cause for the global warming that has occurred during the past 50 years.
One of the predictions associated with the AGW theory is that man-made Carbon dioxide (CO2) is responsible for floods, droughts, severe weather, crop failures, species extinctions, spread of diseases, ocean coral bleaching, famines, and literally hundreds of other catastrophes. It is believed that these disasters will become more frequent and more severe as temperatures continue to rise. They also believe that nothing short of a large and rapid reductions in human emissions will save the planet from these catastrophic events.
A new theory called cosmoclimatology proposes a natural mechanism for climate fluctuations. This theory was developed by Henrik Svensmark, Head of the Center for Sun-Climate Research at the Danish National Space Center.
Answer:
The theory concerning global climate change is that carbon and oxygen are combining to form co2 causing global climate change. Predictions are that they will be positive and negative effects, positive effects are they produce more crops and cold related deaths. Some negatives are damage to crops, rising of sea level, spread of disease and other things.
Explanation:
Ammonia, which is a byproduct of protein metabolism, is converted to __________ primarily in the __________.
Final answer:
Ammonia, a byproduct of protein metabolism, is converted into urea in the liver to reduce toxicity and then excreted through urine primarily in the liver.
Explanation:
Ammonia, which is a byproduct of protein metabolism, is converted to urea primarily in the liver. During protein metabolism, amino acids are broken down and the amino group is removed in a process known as deamination. Ammonia (NH₃) is produced as a result. Because ammonia is toxic, the liver rapidly converts it into urea, which is a less toxic compound. The urea then travels to the kidneys, where it is excreted from the body through urine. Therefore, urea is the principal waste product in mammals, resulting from the nitrogen in amino acids.
When describing the parasympathetic nervous system to a group of students, which substance would the nursing instructor discuss as being responsible for transmission of nerve impulses across this system?
The parasympathetic nervous system uses acetylcholine as the principal neurotransmitter to mediate rest-and-digest activities. Preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine onto postganglionic neurons, which in turn, release acetylcholine onto target organs to induce parasympathetic responses.
When discussing the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), a key substance responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses is acetylcholine (ACh). The PNS, known for promoting the body's "rest and digest" functions, operates in contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, which prepares the body for stressful situations. In the PNS, preganglionic neurons, which have their cell bodies in the brainstem and sacral spinal cord, release acetylcholine onto postganglionic neurons. These neurons, typically located very close to the target organs, also release acetylcholine to act on the organs themselves. Some postganglionic neurons in the PNS may release nitric oxide in addition to acetylcholine. Acetylcholine binds to its receptors, namely nicotinic receptors on the postganglionic neurons and muscarinic receptors on the target organs, to induce the rest-and-digest responses characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system.
What is the niche of a deer
Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle?
proton
voltron
electron
nuetron
Black eyes are dominant to orange eyes, and green skin is dominant to white skin. sam, a mendalien with black eyes and green skin, has a parent with orange eyes and white skin. carole is a mendalien with orange eyes and white skin. if sam and carole were to mate, the predicted phenotypic ratio of their offspring would be _____.
The predicted phenotypic ratio of the offspring of Sam and Carole would be 8 black eyes and green skin : 0 orange eyes and white skin.
Explanation:The predicted phenotypic ratio of the offspring of Sam and Carole can be determined by using a Punnett square. Since black eyes are dominant to orange eyes and green skin is dominant to white skin, we can represent Sam's genotype as BBGG (black eyes and green skin) and Carole's genotype as OOWW (orange eyes and white skin). When we cross these genotypes, the possible genotypes of their offspring are BOGW, BOGW, BOGW, BOGW, BOGW, BOGW, BOGW, and BOGW. Therefore, the predicted phenotypic ratio would be 8 black eyes and green skin : 0 orange eyes and white skin.
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The predicted phenotypic ratio of Sam and Carole's offspring would be 1:1 for black eyes and orange eyes, and 1:1 for green skin and white skin.
In Mendelian genetics, the principle of dominance governs the inheritance of traits. Since black eyes are dominant to orange eyes, Sam must carry one dominant black-eye allele (B) and one recessive orange-eye allele (b). Similarly, since green skin is dominant to white skin, Sam must have one dominant green-skin allele (G) and one recessive white-skin allele (g).
Carole has orange eyes and white skin, which means she must be homozygous recessive for both traits (bb and gg).
When Sam (BbGg) and Carole (bbgg) mate, they can produce offspring with the following genotypes: BbGg (black eyes and green skin), Bbgg (black eyes and white skin), bbGg (orange eyes and green skin), or bbgg (orange eyes and white skin).
The phenotypic ratio of their offspring would be 1:1 for black eyes (BbGg + Bbgg) to orange eyes (bbGg + bbgg) and 1:1 for green skin (BbGg + bbGg) to white skin (Bbgg + bbgg), resulting in an overall predicted phenotypic ratio of 1:1 for each trait.
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where do we get all energy in our ecosystems?
what is the concern with wild organisms in terms of health？
Commercial potential of biotechnology is immense since the scope of its activity covers the entire spectrum of human life. The most potent biotechnological approach is the transfer of specifically constructed gene assemblies through various techniques. However, this deliberate modification and the resulting entities thereof have become the bone of contention all over the world. Benefits aside, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have always been considered a threat to environment and human health. In view of this, it has been considered necessary by biosafety regulations of individual countries to test the feasibility of GMOs in contained and controlled environments for any potential risks they may pose. This paper describes the various aspects of risk, its assessment, and management which are imperative in decision making regarding the safe use of GMOs. Efficient efforts are necessary for implementation of regulations. Importance of the risk assessment, management, and precautionary approach in environmental agreements and activism is also discussed.
Food webs show feeding relationships among different types of organisms. Those organisms each have a specific niche which of the following best describes a function of decomposers in food webs.
To recycle nutrients in soil
To convert solar energy into food
To provide food for secondary consumers
To compete with secondary consumers for oxygen
What features or variables of the plant leaves might affect the net rate of photosynthesis? how and why?
Photosynthesis replenishes the earth’s atmosphere with oxygen. The two variables that affect the rate of photosynthesis are (1) the production of oxygen (O2) and, (2) consumption of carbon dioxide (CO2). The buoyancy of the leaf is an indirect measurement of the net rate of photosynthesis in the leaf tissue. The more oxygen the leaf contains, the more buoyant or the more it floats in the water.