Answer:
Helium has the highest First Ionization Energy in the Noble Gases group. Ionisation energy is the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms.
Final answer:
Helium (He) has the highest first ionization energy among the noble gases, attributed to its stable valence shell configuration and minimal electron shielding effect.
Explanation:
The noble gas with the highest first ionization energy is Helium (He). This can be understood considering the general trend that ionization energy increases as one moves across a period from left to right in the periodic table. Noble gases, situated at the far right of the periodic table, consequently have the highest ionization energies within their respective periods due to their stable electronic configurations, with filled valence shells.
Among the noble gases, Helium, being the lightest and having the least number of electron shells, demonstrates the least shielding effect. This results in its valence electrons being more strongly attracted to the nucleus compared to other noble gases, thereby requiring more energy to remove an electron, i.e., higher ionization energy. In contrast, heavier noble gases like Xenon (Xe) and Radon (Rn) exhibit relatively lower first ionization energies due to increased electron shielding from inner electrons.
3. For the reaction: 2X + 3Y 3Z, the combination of 2.00 moles of X with 2.00
moles of Y produces 1.75 moles of Z. What is the percent yield of this reaction?
Answer:
Explanation:
For the reaction: 2X + 3Y = 3Z, the combination of 2.00 moles of X with 2.00
moles of Y produces 1.75 moles of Z
2 mol 2 mol 1.75 mol
2X + 3Y = 3Z
need 2 mol 3 mol to give 3 mol
3 mol Z/3 mol Y= 1 to 1
should get 2 mol Z
1.75/2 =87.5 % yield
87.5 % per cent yield of this reaction when the combination of 2.00 moles of X with 2.0 moles of Y produces 1.75 moles of Z
What are moles?A mole is defined as 6.02214076 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex]of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.
For the reaction: 2X + 3Y = 3Z, the combination of 2.00 moles of X with 2.00 moles of Y produce 1.75 moles of Z.
2 mol + 2 mol = 1.75 mol
2X + 3Y = 3Z
Need 2 mol 3 mol to give 3 mol
3 mol Z ÷3 mol Y= 1 ÷ 1
should get 2 mol Z
The per cent yield of this reaction:
1.75 ÷ 2 = 87.5 % yield
Hence, 87.5 % per cent yield of this reaction.
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find the density of a material given when a 5.03 g sample is place in 47.54 mL of water the water level rises to 50.78 mL
Answer:
The density of a material given is 1.55 g/mL
Explanation:
Density = Mass per unit volume of the substance .
[tex]Density=\frac{mass}{Volume}[/tex]
Initial Volume of water = 47.54 mL
Total volume = Volume of water + material = 50.78 mL
Volume of material = Total volume - volume of water
Volume of material = 50.78 - 47.54 = 3.24 mL
Volume of material = 3.24 mL
Mass of the material = 5.03 g
[tex]Density=\frac{mass}{Volume}[/tex]
[tex]Density=\frac{5.03}{3.24}[/tex]
[tex]Density = 1.55g/mL[/tex]
The density of a material given is 1.55 g/mL
How can a scientific law be expressed as a mathematical equation?
Answer:
A scientific law is a statement that can usually be expressed as a mathematical equation that describes an occurrence in nature. At the time a law is made there are no exceptions to the law. However, over time, conditions may be observed that make the law true only in certain conditions.
Explanation:
Answer:
Turn it into a equation
Explanation:
Simple
Which answer below correctly identifies the type of change and the explanation for the boiling of water?
physical change because even though the change caused the temperature of the water to increase,
the water's physical properties remained exactly the same
physical change because even though gas formation was observed, the water was undergoing a
state change, which means that its original properties are preserved
chemical change because gas formation was observed, which indicated that the water was
transformed into a different substance
chemical change because a temperature change was observed, which indicated that the water was
transformed into a different substance
DONE
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9 of 20
Answer:
Boiling of water is physical change.
Explanation:
Physical change is that change where the form of the matter is altered, but there is no change in the chemical composition . It is also a reversible change.
When water boils it changes it's state form liquid to gas. But it's chemical composition is the same.Also on cooling water vapor we can get the water again.So the change is reversible.So boiling of water is a physical change.
Calculate the density of a proton, given that the mass of a proton is 1.0073 amu and the diameter of a proton is 1.73 × 10 ^− 15 m . The answer should be in g/cm^3
Answer:
Density = 6.17 * 10^14 g/cm³
Explanation:
Given Parameters
Mass of the proton = 1.0073 amu
Diameter of the proton = 1.75 * 10^-15 m
Required:
Calculate the density of the proton.
Density is calculated using the following formula;
Density = mass / volume
Where mass should be in grams and volume should be in cm ³
Calculating mass of a proton in grams.
Mass = 1.0073 amu
First, we convert to kilogram
Mass = 1.0073 * 1.66054 * 10^-27 kg
Then we convert to grams
Mass = 1.0073 * 1.66054 * 10^-27 * 10³ g
Mass = 1.0073 * 1.66054 * 10^-24 g
Mass = 1.673 * 10^-24 g
Then we calculate the volume of the proton
Volume = 4/3πR³ where R = Radius
And R = ½d.
First calculate the radius in centimetres
R = ½ * 1.73 * 10^-15 m
R = 0.865 * 10^-15
Convert to centimetres
R = 0.865 * 10^-15 * 10² m
R = 0.865 * 10^-13 cm
So, Volume = 4/3 * 3.14 * (0.865 * 10^-13)³
Volume = 4.187 * (0.865 * 10^-13)³
V = 4.187 * 0.865³ * 10^-39
V = 2.71 * 10^-39cm³
So, density = Mass / Volume becomes
Density = 1.673 * 10^-24 g / 2.71 * 10^-39cm³
Density = 0.617 * 10^15 g/cm³
Density = 6.17 * 10^14 g/cm³
How quickly can bacterial contamination occur?
5-10 seconds
5-10 minutes
10-20 seconds
10-20 minutes
Bacterial contamination can occur within seconds to minutes, depending on various factors such as the type of bacteria and the environment. The most accurate option among the given choices is 5-10 minutes.
Explanation:Bacterial contamination can occur very quickly, often within a matter of seconds or minutes. The actual speed of contamination depends on various factors such as the type of bacteria, the environment, and the presence of favorable conditions for bacterial growth. For example, if a person touches a contaminated surface and then touches their mouth or eyes, the bacteria can be introduced to their body almost immediately. Similarly, food left at room temperature for a few minutes can provide enough time for bacteria to multiply and contaminate the food.
Therefore, among the given options, the most accurate answer would be 5-10 minutes as a broad estimate of how quickly bacterial contamination can occur in certain situations.
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The correct answer is c. 10-20 seconds. bacterial contamination can occur in 10-20 seconds.
Bacterial contamination can occur very quickly, especially when proper food handling and hygiene practices are not followed. Cross-contamination between raw and cooked foods, or foods that will not be cooked, such as salads, can happen in a matter of seconds if they come into contact with contaminated surfaces, utensils, or hands. The time frame of 10-20 seconds is consistent with the rapid nature of bacterial transfer.
To prevent such contamination, it is crucial to maintain cleanliness in food preparation areas, wash hands thoroughly before handling food, and keep raw and cooked foods separate. The other options, 5-10 seconds, 5-10 minutes, and 10-20 minutes, do not accurately represent the speed at which bacterial contamination can occur, with the fastest being within seconds under the right conditions.
Fill in the blank:
Most of an atom's volume is in the ______.
Most of an atom's volume is in the nucleus
Answer:
electron
Explanation:
the outer volume of the atom (which means most of the atom) is occupied by electrons. It occupies the space of the atom by constantly whirling around in a kind of orbit around the nucleus.
hope that is ok I tried my best to remember.
Which of the following is true about two objects of the same mass when they have a non-sticky collision?
a. when the objects collide, the momentum of each will become zero
b. when the objects collide, they will trade velocities
c. when the objects collide, each object will then have the sum of the original momentum’s
What are two chemical compounds and one chemical reaction that are related to climate change?
If it wasn't obvious, the two chemical compounds must be in the equation related to climate change.
If energy or mass can neither be created nor be destroyed then how is there electrical energy and potential energy and everything in the world possible?
Answer:
Energy can transfer (convert) from one form to other.
Explanation:
Law of Conservation of Energy : It states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction but can be converted from one from to another.
Potential Energy(P.E) : Energy possessed by the object due to its position and size.Near the ground it attains zero value or close to it.
Kinetic Energy(K.E) : The energy possessed by the object due to its speed .When the object is in motion it has kinetic energy
For example :
When a stone is placed (rest) at some height on the top of the building . It has only potential energy .The potential energy at this point is calculated by
P = mgh
Now , when the the stone is released. It falls to the ground . During its motion towards the ground , its speed increases but the distance of stone from the ground decreases .
Hence the Object in between the ground and building has both K.E and P.E
K.E + P.E = mgh + 1/2 mv^2
If the object reaches just near the ground. Its kinetic energy is maximum but potential energy is almost zero . So at this point ,
K.E = 1/2 mv^2
Hence the Same potential energy is converted into kinetic energy while reaching the ground .
The object itself has not created the energy in between the motion.Neither its energy goes to zero.
Please answerrrrrrrr
Answer:1. Energy 2. Medium 3. Original position 4. Waves 5. Matter
Explanation:
Each element in the periodic table is assigned an atomic number. This number is the same as?
Answer: Number of protons inside the nucleus.
Explanation: The atomic number is indicated by the amount of positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom and these positively charged subatomic particles are protons.
what is kinetic energy
Answer:
kinetic energy is the energy of movement
Explanation:
please mark brainliest just need 4 more
Answer:
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a body due to its motion. In other words, any moving body or object has kinetic energy.
Explanation:KE=1/2mv²
Where KE is the kinetic energy in (in J)
m is the mass of the body (in kg)
v is the speed of the body (ms-¹)
From the equation, we can see that for two objects moving at different speeds, the faster object has a greater KE. Similarly, for two objects of different masses moving at the same speed, the object of greater mass has a greater KE.
What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Hydrochloride acid and calcium carbonate when the products of the reaction are calcium chloride Carbon Dioxide and water
Answer: 2HCl + CaCO3 => CaCl2+ CO2 + H2O
Explanation:
The equation is now balanced.
2 atoms H in both reactant and product side.
Cl have 2 atoms on both sides.
Ca have 1 atom in both sides.
C have 1 atom on both sides and
O have 3 atoms on both reactant and product side
Which of the following factors contributes to the increase in ionization energy from left to right across a period?
Answer:
an increase in the number of protons
Explanation:
As one moves from left to right in the periodic table, the protons steadily increase by one across each period. This increase in number of protons implies an increase in the size of the nuclear charge and a consequent increase in electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electron. This increased nuclear attraction leads to an increase in ionization energy across the period.
The increased number of proton increase in ionization energy from left to right across a period.
Ionization Energy:
It is the energy that required to take out one electron from the outer shell of an isolated atom.
When we move from left to right in the periodic table, the number of proton increase but the number of shell remain constant.
This increase the strength of attraction between outer most shell's electron and nucleus.
Therefore, the increased number of proton increase in ionization energy from left to right across a period.
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transverse waves in a sentence
Answer: transverse wave is a progressive wave whose oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of the wave
Explanation:
what is the definition of radiant energy
Answer:
Radiant energy is energy that travels by waves or particles, particularly electromagnetic radiation such as heat or x-rays.
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Radiant energy is energy emitted and transmitted as waves rather than matter. It consists of the full spectrum of electromagnetic waves, including visible light, and is essential for various biological processes such as the production of vitamin D in the human body.
Explanation:Radiant energy is energy emitted and transmitted as waves rather than matter. These waves vary in length from long radio waves and microwaves to short gamma waves emitted from decaying atomic nuclei. The full spectrum of radiant energy is referred to as the electromagnetic spectrum. The body uses the ultraviolet energy of sunlight to convert a compound in skin cells to vitamin D, which is essential to human functioning. The human eye evolved to see the wavelengths that comprise the colors of the rainbow, from red to violet, so that range in the spectrum is called "visible light."
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How many grams do 5 2x 10^20 atoms of silicon weigh? In the units of g.
Answer:
g silicon = 0.0243 g
Explanation:
1 mol ≡ 6.022 E23 atoms∴ atoms silicon = 5.2 E20 atoms
⇒ n Silicon = (5.2 E20 atoms)×(mol/6.022 E23 atoms) = 8.635 E-4 mol silicon
∴ mm silicon = 28.086 g/mol
⇒ g silicon = (8.635 E-4 mol)×(28.086 g/mol) = 0.0243 g
–5 5/6 ÷ (–2 1/6)
divide.
Answer:
2 9/13
Explanation:
First cancel the minus
then convert the Mixed fractions to improper fractions, you have
35/6 divided by 13/6
it becomes 35/6 x 13/6
when you cancel out, you’ll be left with 35/13 which Is 2 9/13
Using the periodic table, complete the following.
Element: oxygen
symbol: 02
Molecular weight:
Mass of one mole:
g/mol
Explanation:
Oxygen
It is placed in group 16 and period 2 rd .Its atomic number is = 8No. of protons = 8No. of electrons =8 Electronic configuration=2,6Valence shell = LValence electron = 6valency =-2Its isotopes are O-16,O-17,O-18 It exist as diatomic gas (O₂)Its atomic mass is =16g Its molecular mass = 16 x 2 =32g It is supporter of combustion . It is necessary for survival .calculate the mass of solid sodium that's needed to fully react with 4.0 L of chlorine gas at STP.
_Na ₍s₎+_Cl₂₍g₎ →_NaCl₍aq₎
Answer: 8.28g Na
Explanation: use ideal gas law
PV= nRT
Solve for moles of Cl2
n= PV/ RT
Substitute:
= 1 atm x 4.0 L / 0.08205 L.atm/ mol. K x 273 K
= 0.18 moles Cl2
Do stoichiometry to solve for m of Na
2 Na + Cl2 => 2 NaCl2
=0.18 moles Cl2 x 2 mol Na/ 1 mol Cl2 x 23g Na / 1 mol Na
= 8.28 g Na.
the density of carbon tetrachloride, CCl4, is 1.59 grams/ml. calculate the volume of 100.0 grams of CCl4
Answer:
63 mL
Explanation:
Data given:
density of CCl₄ = 1.59 g/mL
mass of CCl₄ = 100.0 g
Volume = ?
Solution:
To calculate density formula will be used
d = m/v
rearrange the above equation
v = m/d . . . . . . (1)
where
d = density
m = mass
v = volume
put values in above formula 1
v = 100.0 g / 1.59 g/mL
v = 63 mL
so. the volume of CCl₄ = 63 mL
The given values:
Mass, m = 100.0 gDensity, d = 1.59 g/mLAs we know,
→ [tex]Volume = \frac{Mass}{Density}[/tex]
By substituting the given values, we get
[tex]= \frac{100.0}{1.59}[/tex]
[tex]= 63 \ mL[/tex]
Thus the above response is appropriate.
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which group of elements have almost no reactivity
Answer:
Group 0 the noble gases
Answer: group zero (noble or rare)
Explanation:
Balance the following chemical equation, then answer the following question. C8H18(g) + O2(g) →CO2(g)+H2O(g) How many grams of oxygen are required to react with 14.0 grams of octane (C8H18) in the combustion of octane in gasoline?
To react with 14.0 grams of octane, 48.9 grams of oxygen are required in the combustion of octane in gasoline.
Explanation:To balance the chemical equation C8H18(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g), you need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides of the equation. The balanced equation is:
C8H18(g) + 12.5O2(g) → 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(g)
To determine the mass of oxygen required to react with 14.0 grams of octane, you need to use stoichiometry. From the balanced equation, you can see that the mole ratio between octane and oxygen is 1:12.5. First, convert the mass of octane to moles by dividing it by its molar mass. Then, use the mole ratio to find the moles of oxygen. Finally, multiply the moles of oxygen by its molar mass to find the mass of oxygen:
14.0g C8H18 ÷ 114.22g/mol C8H18 = 0.1223 mol C8H18
0.1223 mol C8H18 × 12.5 mol O2 ÷ 1 mol C8H18 = 1.5288 mol O2
1.5288 mol O2 × 31.998 g/mol O2 = 48.9 grams of oxygen
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An object accelerates 3.0 m/s2 when a force of 6.0 Newton’s is applied to it. What is the mass of the object?
Answer:2kg
Explanation:
Mass =?
Acceleration = 3.0 m/s2
Force = 6.0N
Force = Mass x Acceleration
6 = Mass x 3
Mass =6/3 = 2Kg
A cylinder of gas has a pressure of 440 kPa at 25*c. At what temperature in *c will it reach 650 kPa
Answer:
The answer is 167.29 °C
Explanation:
According to Gay-Lussac's Law: The temperature and Pressure of a given gas are directly proportional to each other at given volume and amount.
The formula is as:
P₁ / T₁ = P₂ / T₂ -----(1)
In given case:
T₁ = 25 °C = 298.15 K
T₂ = Unknown
P₁ = 440 kPa
P₂ = 650 kPa
Solving equation 1 for T₂,
T₂ = P₂ × T₁ / P₁
Putting Values,
T₂ = 650 kPa × 298.15 K / 440 kPa
T₂ = 440.448 K
Or,
T₂ = 167.29 °C ∴ °C = K - 273.15
Help me please.. thank you
Answer:
temperature
Explanation:
because of different temperature point.
The following diagram of a pendulum shows the path it takes as it swings back and forth.
As the pendulum moves from point 1 to point 3, what happens to its mechanical energy?
A.
Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy and back again.
B.
Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy only once.
C.
Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy only once.
D.
Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy and back again.
Final answer:
The pendulum's mechanical energy alternates between potential energy and kinetic energy as it swings from point 1 to 3, with potential energy being maximum at the endpoints and kinetic energy maximum at the midpoint.
Explanation:
As a pendulum swings from point 1 to point 3, its mechanical energy experiences a transformation between two forms: potential energy (PE) and kinetic energy (KE). At the highest points in its swing (points 1 and 3), the pendulum's potential energy is at a maximum because it's the highest from the equilibrium position and its kinetic energy is zero as the velocity is zero. As it passes through the mid-point (point 2), the pendulum has its maximum kinetic energy because it's moving the fastest and its potential energy is at a minimum. Therefore, the correct answer is A: Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy and back again. This is because as the pendulum falls from point 1, the potential energy is being converted into kinetic energy until it reaches point 2, where kinetic energy is maximum. As it moves from point 2 to point 3, kinetic energy is converted back into potential energy.
when sulfereic acid is mixed with aluminum hydroxide the reaction produces aluminum sulfate wand water. if 3.24 g of sulferic acid and 0.945 g of alumium hydroxide were used, what is the theoretical yield of aluminum sulfate in grams
Answer:
2.26 g
Explanation:
Data given:
mass of Sulfuric acid = 3.24 g
mass of Aluminum hydroxide = 0.945 g
Theoretical yield of Aluminum sulfate = ?
Solution:
First we look for the balance reaction
Reaction
3H₂SO₄ + 2Al(OH)₃ ----------> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O
Now we look for the limiting reactant on which the amount of aluminum sulfate depends
So,
3H₂SO₄ + 2Al(OH)₃ ----------> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O
3 mol 2 mol
from above reaction it is clear that 3 mole of H₂SO₄ combine with 2 mole of Al(OH)₃
Convert moles to mass
• molar mass of Al(OH)₃
molar mass of Al(OH)₃ = 27 + 3(16 + 1)
molar mass of Al(OH)₃ = 27 + 45
molar mass of Al(OH)₃ =72 g/mol
• molar mass of H₂SO₄
molar mass of H₂SO₄ = 2(1) + 32 + 4(16)
molar mass of H₂SO₄ = 2 + 32 + 64
molar mass of H₂SO₄ = 98 g/mol
So,
3H₂SO₄ + 2Al(OH)₃ ----------> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O
3 mol (98 g/mol) 2 mol (72 g/mol)
294 g 144 g
So its clear from the reaction that 294 g of H₂SO₄ react with 144 g of Al(OH)₃
now if we look at the given amounts the amount Al(OH)₃ is less then the amount of H₂SO₄
So, for Al(OH)₃ if we calculate the needed amount of H₂SO₄
So apply unity formula
294 g H₂SO₄ ≅ 144 g of Al(OH)₃
X g H₂SO₄ ≅ 0.945 of Al(OH)₃
Do cross multiplication
X g H₂SO₄ = 294 g x 0.945 g / 144 g
X g of H₂SO₄ ≅ 1.93 g
So, 1.93 g of H₂SO₄ will react out of 3.24 grams, the remaining amount of it will be in excess.
So,
Al(OH)₃ will be consumed completely an it will be limiting reactant.
-----------
Now to Calculate for the theoretical yield
First we look for the balance reaction
Reaction
3H₂SO₄ + 2Al(OH)₃ ----------> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O
Now we look for the mole mole ration of Al(OH)₃ to the amount of aluminum sulfate produced
So,
3H₂SO₄ + 2Al(OH)₃ ----------> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O
2 mol 1 mole
from above reaction it is clear that 1 mole of Al₂(SO₄)₃ produce by 2 mole of Al(OH)₃
As we know that
2 mole of Al(OH)₃ = 144 g
So,
if 144 g of Al(OH)₃ gives 1 mole Al₂(SO₄)₃ then how many moles of Al₂(SO₄)₃ will be produces by 0.945 g Al(OH)₃
So apply unity formula
144 g of Al(OH)₃ ≅ 1 mole of Al₂(SO₄)₃
0.945 g of Al(OH)₃ ≅ X mole of Al₂(SO₄)₃
Do cross multiplication
X mole of Al₂(SO₄)₃ = 0.945 g x 1 mole / 144 g
X mole of Al₂(SO₄)₃ = 0.0066 moles
So,
0.945 g of Al(OH)₃ produce 0.0066 mole of Al₂(SO₄)₃
Now convert moles of Al₂(SO₄)₃ to mass
Formula used:
mass in grams = no. of moles x molar mass . . . . . . (1)
• molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃
molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ = 2(27) + 3(32 +4(16))
molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ = 54 + 3 (32 +64)
molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ = 54 + 3 (96)
molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ = 54 + 288
molar mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ =342 g/mol
Put values in equation 1
mass in grams = 0.0066 g x 342 g/mol
mass in grams = 2.26 g
So the theoretical yield of Aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃ ) is 2.26 g
The frequency, wavelength, and amplitude of a simple wave can best be described as what?
Answer:
pattern
Explanation:
Answer:
The answer is a pattern, have a nice day!