An ion is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge due to the loss or gain of electrons. Out of the options provided (Ca, Na^+, Mg, ^4He), only Na^+ is an ion, representing a sodium atom which has lost one electron.
Explanation:An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, giving it a net electrical charge. From the provided options, only Na^+ is an ion. It represents a sodium atom that has lost one electron, resulting in a positive charge.
Ca is the symbol for Calcium, a metal located in group 2 of the periodic table. It is a neutral atom, not an ion.Mg is the symbol for Magnesium, a metal located in group 2 of the periodic table. It is also a neutral atom, not an ion.^4He is the symbol for Helium-4, an isotope of the element Helium. It is a neutral atom, not an ion.Learn more about Ion here:https://brainly.com/question/34716291
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What chemical change occurred in the following reaction?Mg2+(aq)+2OH−(aq)⟶ Mg(OH)2(s)
Answer: In this reaction, a precipitate is being formed.
Explanation:
A chemical change can be determined by the following indicators:
A characteristic odorColor changeFormation of bubblesFormation of precipitateEvolution of gasWhen magnesium ions and hydroxide ions react in aqueous state, it leads to the formation of a white colored solid of magnesium hydroxide.
In the above reaction, a precipitate is being formed and hence the reaction is considered as a precipitation reaction.
[tex]Mg^{2+}(aq.)+2OH^-(aq.)\rightarrow Mg(OH)_2(s)[/tex]
Therefore, in this reaction, the chemical change is that the precipitate is getting formed.
Which one of the following chemical formulas represents an organic molecule
Would a calcium ion (ca2+) and a chloride ion attract or repel each other?
Final answer:
A calcium ion (Ca²+) and a chloride ion (Cl-) attract each other due to their opposite charges, forming an ionic bond in the compound calcium chloride (CaCl²).
Explanation:
A calcium ion (Ca²+) and a chloride ion (Cl−) will attract each other due to the opposite charges they carry. Calcium donates two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, becoming a Ca²+ ion. Each electron is then accepted by a chlorine atom, which becomes a Cl− ion. This transfer leads to the formation of the ionic compound calcium chloride (CaCl²), where the attraction between the positively charged calcium ions and the negatively charged chloride ions results in a strong electrostatic force that holds the compound together in a lattice structure. The ionic bonding between Ca²+ and Cl− is a result of the coulombic attraction described by Coulomb's law, which states that opposite charges attract each other.
Will the solubility of borax in water increase, decrease or stay the same as the temperature increases
Answer:
solubility increases
Explanation:
Use common factors to write 2 fractions equivalent to 6/42.
A) 4/16,2/21
B) 2/14,3/21
C) 2/14,4/16
D) 7/25,3/21
Answer:
The correct answer is option B.
Explanation:
[tex]\frac{6}{42}=\frac{1}{7}[/tex]
A) [tex]\frac{4}{16}=\frac{1}{4}\neq \frac{1}{7}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{2}{21}=\frac{2}{21}\neq \frac{1}{7}[/tex]
Both fraction are not equivalent to [tex]\frac{1}{7}[/tex].
B)[tex]\frac{2}{14}=\frac{1}{7}= \frac{1}{7}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{3}{21}=\frac{1}{7}= \frac{1}{7}[/tex]
Both fraction are equivalent to [tex]\frac{1}{7}[/tex].
C) [tex]\frac{2}{14}=\frac{1}{7}= \frac{1}{7}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{4}{16}=\frac{1}{4}\neq \frac{1}{7}[/tex]
Both fraction are not equivalent to [tex]\frac{1}{7}[/tex].
D)[tex]\frac{7}{25}=\frac{7}{25}\neq \frac{1}{7}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{3}{21}=\frac{1}{7}= \frac{1}{7}[/tex]
Both fraction are not equivalent to [tex]\frac{1}{7}[/tex].
Which physical property is used to test the purity of a metal? A. hardness B. density C. viscosity D. malleability
it's density, because if you have a low carbon steel, which is not so dense, it's very pure due to the lack carbon content which increases the density. high carbon steel, which is used for guns, knives, swords, tools... etc... has a-lot of carbon content, which increases its density, because carbon is just really compact particles of decomposed matter, such as coal.
write out the electron configurations for (a) potassium and (b) cobalt. how many unpaired electrons does each possess?
plants that can live in water soaked soil are able to survive in the what ecosystem?
pure substance definition in chemistry?
A pure substance in chemistry is a material with a constant composition and unique set of properties, classified as either an element or a compound. Elements contain only one type of atom, while compounds consist of chemically bonded atoms of different types. Pure substances can be identified by their distinct physical properties and purity tests like chromatography.
Explanation:In chemistry, a pure substance refers to materials that have a constant composition and a unique set of properties across the entire sample. Pure substances are classified into two categories: elements and compounds. An element is a pure substance that consists of a single type of atom and cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances. Gold, oxygen, and copper are well-known examples of elements. On the other hand, compounds are pure substances that consist of two or more atoms chemically bonded together, such as water (H2O) which is made from hydrogen and oxygen. Unlike mixtures, compounds have fixed proportions of atoms and can only be separated into their constituent elements by chemical reactions.
Pure substances have distinct and consistent physical properties like melting and boiling points. In contrast, mixtures have variable compositions and may exhibit a range of melting and boiling points. Testing for purity can involve methods like chromatography, where a pure substance yields a single component, while impure substances produce multiple components.
When opposite poles of two magnets are brought together, the poles
Why is the second ionization energy greater than the first ionization energy? (1 Point)
A. It is more difficult to remove a second electron from an atom
B. The size of atoms increases down a group
C. The size of anions decreases across the period
D. The nuclear attraction from protons in the nucleus decreases
In case of the first ionization energy, the first electron is removed from a neutral atom; while in the second ionization energy the electron is removed from a positively charged ion which is found to be an electron deficient species.
Also when the second electron was removed the effective nuclear charge increases as compared to the first electron removal.
As a result there is a strong attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electron of the element. Therefore, the second ionization energy is observed to be higher than the first ionization energy of an element.
After 252 days, a 12.0-g sample of the radioisotope scandium-46 contains only 1.5 g of the isotope. what is the half-life of scandium-46
The half-life of scandium-46 is determined by noting that after 252 days, the mass of the isotope reduces from 12.0 g to 1.5 g, which is 1/8 of the original mass, indicating that three half-lives have passed. Dividing the total time by 3 gives us a half-life of 84 days for scandium-46.
To determine the half-life of scandium-46, we use the fact that after a certain number of half-lives, the remaining mass of a radioactive substance is half of its initial mass after each half-life period. In the given problem, a 12.0-g sample of scandium-46 decays to 1.5 g after 252 days. This decay represents a reduction to 1/8 of the original mass, indicating that three half-lives have passed (since 12.0 / 2 / 2 / 2 = 1.5).
Initial mass of scandium-46: 12.0 gFinal mass of scandium-46 after 252 days: 1.5 gMass reduction to 1/8 indicates 3 half-lives.Since 3 half-lives are equivalent to 252 days, we can find the length of a single half-life by dividing the total time by 3:
252 days ÷ 3 = 84 days
Therefore, the half-life of scandium-46 is 84 days.
What are the final or new substances (molecule) in a chemical equation called?
What state must a substance be in order to analyze it using uv vis spectroscopy?
identify the state of matter with the lowest degree of freedom between the molecules
A. gas
B. Liquid
C. Plasma
D. Solid
A substance in a solid phase is relatively rigid, has a definite volume and shape.
The atoms or molecules that comprise a solid are packed close together and are not compressible.Because all solids have some thermal energy, its atoms do vibrate. However, this movement is very small and very rapid, and cannot be observed under ordinary conditions.the answer is d because Solid substances have the lowest degree of freedom and the highest attractive and intermolecular forces between the molecules.
The molar mass of HgO is 216.59 g/mol. The molar mass of O2 is 32.00 g/mol. How many moles of HgO are needed to produce 250.0 g of O2?
Answer:
15.63
Explanation:
C on edg :) just did the test
The molar mass of HgO is 216.59 g/mol. The molar mass of O2 is 32.00 g/mol. 15.63 moles HgO are needed to produce 250.0 g of Oxygen.
What is molar mass ?The term molar mass is defined as a compound is the mass in grams of one mole of the compound. In a substance, the amount of entities present e.g., atoms, molecules, ions, is called as a mole. A mole of any substance is 6.022 × 10²³ molecules.
Given that;
Molar mass HgO = 216.59 g/mol
The molar mass of O2 = 32.00 g/mol
250.0 g of Oxygen
Required moles of HgO
The balanced chemical equation is as follows:
2HgO → 2Hg + O2
250g Oxygen (1 mole O2/32.00 g/mol O2)(2 moles HgO/1 mol O2)
= 15.63 moles HgO
Thus, The molar mass of HgO is 216.59 g/mol. The molar mass of O2 is 32.00 g/mol. 15.63 moles HgO are needed to produce 250.0 g of Oxygen.
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How many grams of calcium must be combined with phosphorus to form one mole of the compound Ca3P2?
Final answer:
To form one mole of Ca3P2, 120.234 grams of calcium are required based on the atomic mass of calcium and the stoichiometry of the compound.
Explanation:
To determine how many grams of calcium must be combined with phosphorus to form one mole of the compound Ca3P2, we need to first understand that Ca3P2 consists of 3 calcium (Ca) atoms and 2 phosphorus (P) atoms. The atomic mass of calcium is 40.078 amu (atomic mass units), and that of phosphorus is 30.973761 amu.
The total mass of calcium in Ca3P2 can be calculated as follows:
(3 atoms) × (40.078 amu/atom) = 120.234 amuTo convert this atomic mass to grams, we use the molar mass concept where 1 mole of any substance equals its atomic or molecular mass in grams. Therefore, we need:
120.234 grams of calciumTo form one mole of Ca3P2, no information on the amount of phosphorus is needed since the question only asks for the amount of calcium required.
What is the mass of silver metal produced from 6.35 g of copper when copper reacts with excess silver nitrate in a single replacement reaction? ____ g?
The mass of silver metal produced when 6.35 g of copper reacts with excess silver nitrate is calculated to be 21.548 grams following a stoichiometric conversion process.
Explanation:To calculate the mass of silver metal produced from the given mass of copper, we need to reference the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between copper and silver nitrate:
Cu (s) + 2AgNO3 (aq) → Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2Ag (s)
From the equation, we see that each mole of copper produces two moles of silver. We can conduct a series of conversions to find the mass of silver using the molar masses of copper (63.546 g/mol) and silver (107.868 g/mol).
Firstly, calculate the number of moles of copper:
moles of Cu = mass of Cu / molar mass of Cu
= 6.35 g / 63.546 g/mol
= 0.0999 mol
Then, using the stoichiometry of the reaction, calculate the moles of silver produced:
moles of Ag = 2 × moles of Cu
= 2 × 0.0999 mol
= 0.1998 mol
Finally, convert the moles of silver to mass:
mass of Ag = moles of Ag × molar mass of Ag
= 0.1998 mol × 107.868 g/mol
= 21.548 g
The mass of silver metal produced from the reaction is therefore 21.548 grams.
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Why was nutmeg also called the spice of madness
Nutmeg was called the 'spice of madness' because of the historical frenzy and extreme control over its trade by European colonists. The Dutch, in particular, went to great lengths to maintain their monopoly, going as far as employing the death penalty for unauthorized trade. Moreover, the term 'madness' could also metaphorically refer to historical instances of intoxication from nutmeg in large doses.
Nutmeg has been called the 'spice of madness' due to the history of its trade, which involved extreme measures by European colonists to control its supply and ensure monopoly profits. The search for a sea route to the Spice Islands, driven by the loss of Constantinople and the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453, was motivated by the high demand for spices like nutmeg. European powers, particularly the Dutch, took control of the nutmeg-producing islands and established a monopoly, punishing anyone who dared grow or sell the spice without permission with the death penalty. This ferocious control and the lengths that Europeans went to for these spices, including the destruction of nutmeg trees on outlying islands, reflect the 'madness' associated with the lucrative spice.
In addition to its economic implications, nutmeg has been involved in various historical anecdotes of madness and hallucinatory episodes, sometimes similarly to how ergot poisoning was suspected in other historical outbreaks of convulsions and hallucinations. However, it is crucial to distinguish between the metaphorical 'madness' driven by the obsessive and often ruthless European pursuit of the spice trade and any actual psychoactive effects of nutmeg, which, in very large doses, can indeed cause symptoms such as delirium or hallucinations.
0.403 L is equal to
a. 4.03 mL
b. 40.3mL
c. 403 mL
d. 4,030 mL
What mass of koh is needed to make 300.0 ml of 0.725 m koh? what mass of koh is needed to make 300.0 ml of 0.725 m koh? 86.4 g 30.5 g 23.3 g 12.2 g?
The given values in the problem are:
.725 M is moles per liter
300 mL = .300 L
The solution is:
56.1 g/mol in 300 ml = 56.1g/mol in .3L
M = (x gram/56.1) /.3L
.725 = (x gram/56.1)/.3L
Multiply both sides by .3
.2175 = x grams/56.1
x = 12.20 g
To make a 0.725mol solution with a volume of 300ml, you need approximately 12.2g of KOH, calculated using the definitions of molality and molar mass.
Explanation:To answer this question, we will use the definition of molality. Molality (m) is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. It is given that the molality is 0.725m and the volume is 300.0 ml. Firstly, convert volume to mass. Since the density of water is approximately 1 g/ml, 300.0 ml is approximately 300.0 grams or 0.300 kg. Multiply this by the given molality, 0.725 mol/Kg, to obtain the number of moles of KOH, which is 0.2175 moles.
Now, we need to find the mass of KOH. The molar mass of KOH (K=39.1, O=16, H=1) is approximately 56.1g/mol. Multiply this by the number of moles (0.2175) and you obtain the mass of KOH required, approximately 12.2g.
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Determine the molar mass of an unknown monoprotic acid to two decimal places if 20.01 ml of a 0.098 m naoh solution were used to titrate 0.215 g of the unknown acid
The molar mass of the unknown monoprotic acid is calculated to be 109.63 g/mol by first determining the moles of NaOH used and then using the 1:1 mole ratio between the acid and base to find the moles and finally the molar mass of the acid.
In order to determine the molar mass of an unknown monoprotic acid using titration data, we need to first calculate the number of moles of base (NaOH) used in the titration. Given that 20.01 mL (or 0.02001 L) of a 0.098 M NaOH solution were used, we calculate the moles of NaOH:
moles of NaOH = volume (L) imes molarity (M) = 0.02001 L imes 0.098 M = 0.00196098 mol NaOH
Since the acid is monoprotic, it will donate one proton to the base, meaning the mole ratio of acid to base is 1:1. Thus, the moles of the unknown acid are also 0.00196098 mol.
To find the molar mass of the acid, we divide the mass of the acid by the moles:
Molar Mass = mass (g) / moles = 0.215 g / 0.00196098 mol = 109.63 g/mol (to two decimal places)
Why can a liquid take the shape of the bottom of its container?
The particles of a liquid can flow around one another to new locations.
The particles of a liquid can break free from one another and spread out.
The particles of a liquid can vibrate within their fixed locations.
Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
In a liquid state, particles are held less tightly as compared to a solid state. So, they have some kinetic energy due to which they collide with each other.
As a result, particles of a liquid are able to slide past each other. Hence, they are able to acquire the shape and volume of a container in which they are poured.
Whereas when particles of a liquid can break free from one another and spread out then it means a substance is present in a gaseous state.
When the particles of a liquid can vibrate within their fixed locations then it means the substance is present in a solid state. And, they have definite shape and volume.
Thus, we can conclude that a liquid take the shape of the bottom of its container as the particles of a liquid can flow around one another to new locations.
Heat is so closely related to _____, the same units are used to measure both.
Answer:
I am pretty sure temperature is wrong. It is actually work.
Explanation:
Scientists use the term joule(s) for heat. Temperature is measured in celcius, kelvin, fahrenheit. Work also uses the same term for measuring; joules. I am pretty sure the right answer is actually work, even though temperature sounds more correct. I learned this in science so I think I am right.
Which of the following shows the path followed by nerve impulses in a reflex?
A.motor neurons → interneurons in brain → sensory neurons
B.sensory neurons → interneurons in brain → motor neurons
C.motor neurons → interneurons in spinal cord → sensory neurons
D.sensory neurons → interneurons in spinal cord → motor neurons
When comparing the activation energy between different exothermic reactions, as the activation energy decreases at a given temperature, the reaction rate increases because the _______?
Answer:
number of successful effective collisions is higher
When a sample of atoms is heated and releases light of certain wavelengths, it is called what?
The answer is emission spectrum. It is the range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation produced because of an atom or molecule generating a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The photon energy of the produced photon is equivalent to the energy change between the two states. There are many conceivable electron changes for each atom, and each change has a precise energy difference.
How is data not actually obtained from the experiment represented in a line graph?
with a double line
with only dots
with a colored line
with a broken line
Answer: Broken line
Explanation:
When you collect data in an experiment, you usually need a model where you can analyze the data.
One way of doing this is when in an experiment you expect a given behavior determined by a function (or data obtained by previous investigations), you can graph your obtained data over the graph of the function (or previous data), and in this way, you can see if your data fits in the model.
You usually will graph your obtained data with dots, so usually, we graph the other things with a broken line. This is because if you use a colored line and you do some kind of fitting with your data, the lines may "clash" into each other, making the graph hard to read.
Identify what a bomb calorimeter measures. identify what a bomb calorimeter measures. measures δh for reduction solutions measures δe for combustion reactions measures δh for aqueous solutions measures δt for aqueous solutions measures δe for oxidation reactions
A bomb calorimeter is a device which is used to determine the change in enthalpy by measuring the change in temperature given the mass and heat capacity of the overall system by using the formula:
δh = m C (T2 – T1)
This is done by combusting the material in oxygen.
Hence the answer is:
measures δe for combustion reactions
A bomb calorimeter measures ΔE for combustion reactions. So correct option is B.
B) measures ΔE for combustion reactions.
A bomb calorimeter is a device used to measure the heat released or absorbed during a combustion reaction. It is a sealed container that is filled with oxygen and the reactants. The reaction is ignited, and the heat released is measured by the rise in temperature of the water surrounding the bomb.
The heat released in a combustion reaction is equal to the change in energy (ΔE) of the reaction. This is because the energy released is used to break the bonds in the reactants and form the bonds in the products. The heat released can be used to calculate the enthalpy change (ΔH) of the reaction, but only if the reaction is carried out at constant pressure.
Bomb calorimeters are used to measure the energy content of fuels, such as gasoline and coal. They are also used to measure the energy content of food.
The other options you have listed are incorrect. A bomb calorimeter does not measure ΔH for oxidation solutions, ΔH for hydrolysis solutions, ΔT for hydrolysis solutions, or ΔE for aqueous reactions.
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The complete question is:
Identify what a bomb calorimeter measures.
A) measures ΔH for reduction solutions
B) measures ΔE for combustion reactions
C) measures ΔH for aqueous solutions
D) measures ΔT for aqueous solutions
E) measures ΔE for oxidation reactions
Use the given figure to complete the statement below.
∠1 and ∠2 are angles. ANSWERS -Obtuse complementary adjacent vertical
adjacent is the correct answer
The angles ∠1 and ∠2 are adjacent to each other.
What is a Supplementary Angle ?When the total of two angles equals 180 degrees, they are referred to as supplementary angles because they form a linear angle when combined. When the sum of two angles equals 90 degrees, they are considered to be complimentary angles, and they produce a right angle when they are combined.
In the given figure ∠1 and ∠2 are supplementary angle and adjacent to each other
Therefore in the options given ∠1 and ∠2 are adjacent to each other.
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