How many valence electrons does boron need to be stable?
Give the reaction for the dissolution of the salt in water. (use the lowest possible coefficients. include states-of-matter under the given conditions in your answer.)
Dissolution of salts in water is represented by a chemical reaction in which the salt splits into its individual ions. The process is spontaneous and often exothermic. Factors like the solvent characteristics, temperature, pressure, and specific interactions affect solubility.
Explanation:When a salt such as NaCl is dissolved in water, it splits up into its individual ions, which become solvated or surrounded by water molecules. This process can be described by the chemical equation: NaCl(s) → Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq). Also, for another salt like Fe(NO3)3, the dissolution process can be represented as: Fe(NO3)3(s) →→ Fe³+(aq) + 3NO3¯(aq). The s, aq annotations represent the states of matter, solid and aqueous, respectively.
The dissolution of these salts in water is a physical process that increases the disorder of the system, hence a spontaneous process, often exothermic. The solubility of salts is greatly influenced by the nature of the solvent, temperature, and pressure. SIP (Solubility, Ionization, and Precipitation) principles along with factors like dipole-dipole attractions, hydrogen bonds, ion-dipole, and dispersion forces play an important role in solubility.
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The reaction for the dissolution of salt in water is NaCl (s) + H2O (l) → Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
Explanation:The reaction for the dissolution of salt in water can be represented by the following equation:
NaCl (s) + H2O (l) → Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
In this reaction, the solid salt (NaCl) dissociates into its constituent ions (Na+ and Cl-) when it is dissolved in water.
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Please help with Question #10 and preferably explain what you did, thank you!
Why would you use an insoluble salt to soften water?
Insoluble salts can be used to soften water by removing calcium, magnesium, and other metal cations that cause hardness. Water softeners use complex sodium salts to form insoluble salts that precipitate onto resin surfaces. This process reduces dissolved minerals and extends the lifespan of plumbing.
Explanation:An insoluble salt can be used to soften water because when water flows over ion-exchange resins, insoluble salts precipitate onto the resin surface.
Commercial water softeners use a complexing agent that contains complex sodium salts. When water passes over the resin, sodium ions are dissolved, and insoluble salts are formed. These insoluble salts help remove calcium, magnesium, and other metal cations which cause water hardness.
This process reduces the presence of dissolved minerals in the water, resulting in softened water that requires less soap for cleaning and reduces scale build-up in pipes and fittings.
Which statement below best describes the temperature of the atmosphere at various altitudes?
A.) The mesosphere has a lower temperature than the thermosphere.
B.) The mesosphere has a higher temperature than the thermosphere.
C.) The temperature of the mesosphere is the same as the thermosphere.
D.) The altitude has no impact on the temperature of the atmospheric layers.
Answer:
A). The mesophere has a lower temperature than the thermosphere.
Explanation:
At the mesophere, the temperature decreases with height, reaching a minimum of about -90°C at the "mesopause". As we rise up in the mesophere, the temperture becomes colder and colder. Above the mesophere is the thermosphere, where variations in the sun's energy have a powerful influence on both the height of the top layer of the thermosphere and the temperature within it. Because of this, temperatures of the upper layer of thermosphere can vary from 500° C (932° F) to 2,000° C (3,632° F) or higher.
Scientific predictions based on laws are formulated using:
A. deductive reasoning
B. inductive reasoning
C. presuppositions
D. subjective reasoning
This is because deductive reasoning is insight gained from an established principle or laws.
If 56.8 ml of bacl2 solution is needed to precipitate all the sulfate ion in a 554 mg sample of na2so4 (forming baso4), what is the molarity of the solution?
Why does it conduct more before and after this minimum point?
Your question on 'why does it conduct more before and after this minimum point' refers to electronic conduction in a material. The 'minimum point' might indicate the moment when a shift occurs due to variations induced by inducing polarization or changes in potential. The conduction is higher before and after this point due to the internal electric field created by shifting negative and positive charges.
Explanation:From the details provided, your query about 'why does it conduct more before and after this minimum point' seems to be referring to a process of electronic conduction in a material under the influence of an insulator or a potential change. Hence, we can look at it under Electricity and Magnetism in physics. Referring to your context, about inducing polarization and charge distribution, this can create variations in the conduction capability of a material.
As for why it 'conducts more before and after this minimum point', it can correspond to specific points along a potential gradient where the electronic conduction shifts upward or downward due to the variations induced by the polarizing effect or changes in potential - regions of higher or lower potential can impact motion of charged particles.
If you look at a graph detailing this phenomenon, it might show a 'minimum point' that indicates the moment when this shift occurs. Before and after this minimum point, the conduction is higher due to the concentration of negative charges at one end and positive at the other, which creates an internal electric field that increases conductivity.
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Which is the processes is not an example of chemical weathering?
A) splitting of a rock along a fracture
B) rusting of a nail
C) dissoulution of calcite (fizzling)
D) a rock that has oxidized on the surface
Answer: correct answer is A
Explanation: i took the test
Do states need to be written in a chemical equation
Chromium metal is added to a solution of nickel(ii) sulfate. what is the balanced chemical reaction?
Answer : The balanced chemical reaction is,
[tex]2Cr(s)+3NiSO_{4}(aq)\rightarrow Cr_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}(aq)+3Ni(s)[/tex]
Explanation :
[tex]Cr(s)+NiSO_{4}(aq)\rightarrow[/tex]
The balanced chemical reaction is,
[tex]2Cr(s)+3NiSO_{4}(aq)\rightarrow Cr_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}(aq)+3Ni(s)[/tex]
This is a single step displacement reaction. From the reactivity series of the metals, the reactivity of the chromium metal is higher than the reactivity of the nickel metal. Therefore, the chromium metal easily displaces the nickel metal from the solution of nickel(II) sulfate. The reactivity series image attached below.
Which pair of kingdoms include organisms which are all multicellular?
Tear gas has the composition 40.25% carbon, 6.19% hydrogen, 8.94% oxygen, 44.62% bromine. what is the empirical formula of this compound?
Answer: Empirical formula will be [tex]C_6H_{11}OBr[/tex]
Explanation: Assuming that the total mass of the given tear gas = 100g
Mass of each element will be equal to the percentages of each element given
Mass of Carbon = 40.25g
Mass of Hydrogen = 6.19g
Mass of Oxygen = 8.94g
Mass of Bromine = 44.62g
Now, converting mass of each element into their moles using the formula
[tex]Moles=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Moles of carbon}=\frac{40.25g}{12g}=3.354moles[/tex] (Molar Mass of C = 12g)
[tex]\text{Moles of hydrogen}=\frac{6.19g}{1g}=6.19moles[/tex] (Molar Mass of H = 1g)
[tex]\text{Moles of oxygen}=\frac{8.94g}{16g}=0.558moles[/tex] (Molar Mass of O = 16g)
[tex]\text{Moles of Bromine}=\frac{44.62g}{80g}=0.558moles[/tex] (Molar Mass of Br = 80g)
Dividing moles of each element with the smallest number of moles calculated, we get the mole ratio of each element.
[tex]\text{Mole Ratio of carbon}=\frac{3.354moles}{0.558moles}=6.01\approx 6[/tex]
[tex]\text{Mole Ratio of hydrogen}=\frac{6.19moles}{0.558moles}=11.09\approx 11[/tex]
[tex]\text{Mole Ratio of oxygen}=\frac{0.558moles}{0.558moles}=1[/tex]
[tex]\text{Mole Ratio of bromine}=\frac{0.558moles}{0.558moles}=1[/tex]
The mole ratio of each element is written in the subscript of each element in the empirical formula.
Empirical Formula : [tex]C_6H_{11}OBr[/tex]
Empirical formula will be [tex]C_6H_{11}OBr[/tex]
Let us assume that the total mass of the given tear gas = 100g
Mass of each element will be equal to the percentages of each element given.
Mass of Carbon = 40.25g
Mass of Hydrogen = 6.19g
Mass of Oxygen = 8.94g
Mass of Bromine = 44.62g
Calculation for number of moles:Moles of Carbon= [tex]\frac{40.25g}{12g/mol}=3.354moles[/tex]
Moles of Hydrogen= [tex]\frac{6.19g}{1g/mol}=6.19moles[/tex]
Moles of Oxygen= [tex]\frac{8.94g}{16g/mol}=0.588moles[/tex]
Moles of Bromine= [tex]\frac{44.62g}{80g/mol}=0.558moles[/tex]
Calculation for mole-ratio:Mole- ratio of Carbon = [tex]\frac{3.354}{0.058}=6[/tex]
Mole- ratio of Hydrogen = [tex]\frac{6.19}{0.558}=11[/tex]
Mole- ratio of Oxygen = [tex]\frac{0.588}{0.588}=1[/tex]
Mole- ratio of Bromine = [tex]\frac{0.588}{0.588}=1[/tex]
The mole ratio of each element is written in the subscript of each element in the empirical formula.
Thus, Empirical Formula : [tex]C_6H_{11}OBr[/tex]
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Match the word with its definition.
1. that which causes an object to have inertia
Newton's Second Law
2. a special case of Galileo's Law of Inertia
momentum
3. force multiplied by time
Newton's First Law
4. velocity multiplied by mass
velocity
5.
mass
6. the acceleration of a mass directly proportional to the force acting on it
impulse
Answer:
1) Mass
2) Newton's First Law
3) Impulse
4) Momentum
5) Velocity
6) Newton's second law
Explanation:
1) Inertia is the tendency of matter to maintain constant velocity. Therefore, it is mass which causes an object to have inertia
2) As per Newtons first law of motion or law of inertia, a body of mass 'm' will continue to be in a state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force. This is also a special case of Galileo's Law of Inertia.
3) Impulse is the product of force and time
4) Momentum is the product of velocity and mass
5) Velocity is the ratio of momentum by mass
6) As per Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration (a) of a body of mass (m) is directly proportional to the force (F) acting on it
[tex]F = ma[/tex]
What is the chemical characteristics of the compound barium oxide?
Liquids can take the shape of their container but their atoms cannot move away from each enough to always fill the container true false
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
The liquids have properties in between solids and gas.
They have intermediate intermolecular interactions and thermal energy.
unlike solids they can occupy the particles do move here and there however the kinetic energy is less than that of gas.
Similar to gas they can take the shape of the container.
Also, they can move away from each other to fill the container upto their maximum volume.
Gases can fill the container upto the volume of container.
A jar containing only nickels and dimes contains a total of 60 coins. the value of all the coins in the jar is $4.45. solve by elimination to find the amount of nickels and dimes that are in the jar.
What is described by binary fission
A) The way prokaryotes produce energy
B) the way prokaryotes digest nutrients
C) the way prokaryotes reproduce
D) the way prokaryotes move.
C). (The way Prokaryotes reproduce)
I hope this helps :D
During what change of state do atoms or molecules become more ordered
Answer:
sublimation and melting
Explanation:
If 68.0 grams of n2, are able to completely react with unlimited hydrogen, how many grams of ammonia nh3, will be produced
What quantity measures the amount of space an object occupies?
Answer:
Volume
Explanation:
Because if you got notes, or wrote some down they should say that volume measures the space an object occupies, therefor its volume
There are various quantities that can used to find the properties and measurements for an object. The space that an object occupies is called volume.
What is volume?Volume of a substance can be defined as the space it occupies.Volume can be expressed in liters, cm³ , ml, ppm etc.based on the state of the substance.
A substance can exhibit in any one of the three states namely solids, liquids and gases. In solids all the molecules are closely packed by the intermolecular attraction and thus solids have a perfect shape, size and volume and here we can use the unit cm³.
In the case of liquids there are some space between the molecules and thus liquids have no shape or size but they assume the shape and volume of the container in which it is taken.
In the case of gases, all the molecules are far apart without any force of attraction therefore, they can occupy a large volume in the atmosphere by spreading.
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Calculate the kinetic energy of the molecule of sulfur trioxide moving at 470 meters per second.
The kinetic energy of a sulfur trioxide molecule with a velocity of 470 m/s is calculated to be approximately 1.47x10⁻²2 Joules.
Explanation:The kinetic energy of an object can be calculated using the formula KE = 1/2 mv², where m is the mass and v is the velocity of the object. In this case, the object is a sulfur trioxide (SO3) molecule and the velocity is provided as 470 m/s. However, we do not have the mass of the SO3 molecule directly, but we can calculate it.
The molar mass of SO3 is about 80 grams per mole (or 80x10⁻³ kg/mole). We can convert this to mass per molecule by using Avogadro's number (6.022x10²³ molecules/mole). This results in a mass of approximately 1.33x10⁻²6 kg for the sulfur trioxide molecule.
Now we can calculate the kinetic energy by substituting the values into the formula.
KE = 1/2 * 1.33x10⁻²6 kg * (470 m/s)² = 1.47x10⁻²2 Joules.
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How is each measurement represented using scientific notation?0.000000655 mL = 6.55 × 10-7 mL 6.55 × 109 mL 655 × 106 mL
Answer : The given number in scientific notation will be, [tex]6.55\times 10^{-7}ml[/tex]
Explanation :
Scientific notation : It is the representation of expressing the numbers that are too big or too small and are represented in the decimal form with one digit before the decimal point times 10 raise to the power.
For example :
90000 is written as [tex]9.0\times 10^4[/tex]
999.9 is written as [tex]9.999\times 10^{-2}[/tex]
As we are given that the number is, 0.000000655 ml
This number is written in scientific notation as :
[tex]6.55\times 10^{-7}ml[/tex]
Hence, the given number in scientific notation will be, [tex]6.55\times 10^{-7}ml[/tex]
Which process is a form of mechanical weathering?
A: Wedging
B: Oxidation
C: Hydrolysis
D: Carbonation
Answer:
Wedging
Explanation:
Ice wedging is a form of mechanical weathering or physical weathering in which cracks in rock or other surfaces become filled with water,it now freezes and expands, causing the cracks in the rock to enlarge and eventually break in pieces.
The other options listed are chemical processes respectively.
state 3 evidences that the particles of substances are in continuous motion
How many quarters have the same value as 85 dimes? Use the equality 4 quarters = 10 dimes.?
Answer: 34 quaters have the same value as 85 dimes.
Explanation:
We are given a conversion factor:
10 dimes = 4 quaters
We need to find out the value of 85 dimes. For that we use unitary method.
If 10 dimes have the same value as 4 quaters.
So, 85 dimes will have the same value as [tex]\frac{4}{10}\times 85=34[/tex] quaters.
Hence, 34 quaters have the same value as 85 dimes.
Suppose you haven’t cleaned out your locker all year. Where would you except to find papers from the beginning of the year? What principle of geology would you use to find these old papers?
To the nearest gram, what is the mass of one spoonful of sugar? g
The answer is 10 g I just answered it
A typical spoonful of sugar weighs approximately 4 grams when rounded to the nearest gram.
Explanation:The mass of one level spoonful of sugar can slightly vary depending on the size of the spoon but an average teaspoon generally holds around 4 grams of sugar. Measuring by weight is more accurate than volume when it comes to dry ingredients such as sugar. Therefore, when you round to the nearest gram, one spoonful of sugar is approximately 4 grams.
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Identify the parts of the energy diagrams
Answer : Graph 1 is an endothermic reaction and Graph 2 is an exothermic reaction. The labeling of both the graphs are shown below.
Explanation :
Endothermic reaction : In this reaction, the energy is absorbed from the surrounding.
In the endothermic reaction, the energy of reactant are less than the energy of product.
Exothermic reaction : In this reaction, the energy is released into the surrounding.
In the exothermic reaction, the energy of reactant are more than the energy of product.
Transition state : It is a state when the reactant molecules absorb energy then their bonds are loosened and new lose bonds are formed between them. The intermediate formed is known as activated complex or transition state. It is unstable state and immediately dissociates to form the stable products.
Activation energy : The minimum amount of energy absorbed by the reactant molecules so that their energy becomes equal to the threshold energy.
Hence, the labeling of both the graph 1 and 2 are shown below.
Complete the chart. (Remember to enter a 0 if necessary.)
Atomic Number: 19
1s:
2s:
2p:
3s:
3p:
4s:
3d:
4p:
5s:
The completed chart atomic number 19 is as below ,
1S 2
2s 2
2p 6
3s 2
3p 6
4s 1
3d 0
4p 0
5s 0
Explanation
According to Aufbau principle in ground state, electrons of atom fill the atomic orbital of lowest energy level before occupying that of higher energy level .
Therefore element in atomic number 19 has 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 electron configuration .