why do some dna fragments move farther than others during gel electrophoresis

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate DNA fragments according to their size. ... DNA fragments are negatively charged, so they move towards the positive electrode. Because all DNA fragments have the same amount of charge per mass, small fragments move through the gel faster than large ones.

Explanation:

Answer 2
The DNA fragments having shorter size than other move faster than other. ... DNA samples are loaded into wells at one end of a gel, and an electric current is applied to pull them through the gel. DNA fragments are negatively charged, so they move towards the positive electrode

Related Questions

Parent 1 is TT
Parent 2 is Tt
What will be the result of this cross?

All offspring will be tall

All offspring will be short

All offspring will be heterozygous

All offspring will carry the recessive alle

Answers

Answer:

"All offspring will be tall" is the correct answer.

Explanation:

All the offspring carry one dominant trait T, Because of this, they will all be tall, although some will carry the recessive allele t.

Final answer:

When crossing a parent with genotype TT and a parent with genotype Tt, the F2 offspring will have a 25% chance of being short (tt) and a 75% chance of being tall (TT or Tt).

Explanation:

When the F1 generation (Tt) is allowed to self-pollinate, each parent will give one factor (T or t) to the F2 generation. So the F2 offspring will have four possible combinations of factors: TT, Tt, tT, or tt. According to the laws of probability, 25% of the offspring would be tt, so they would appear short. And 75% would have at least one T factor and would be tall.

Mom's genotype is Hh and Dad's hair isn't
brown. Brown hair is dominant to red hair. Use the letter h for hair. What are the probabilities and
ratio for their offspring? (some info is missing)

Answers

Probability is 50% Brown and 50% Red.
I think the ratio might be 1:1

As the mother is having Hh genotype, and father is having hh genotype as his hair are red. So, the genotype of the offspring will be Hh and hh.

What is genotype?

An organism's genotype is made up of all of its genetic components. The alleles or variations that an individual carries in a specific gene or genetic region are also referred to as the genotype.

The type of variant present at a specific locus (i.e., region) in the genome is scored by what is known as a genotype. Symbols can be used to symbolize it.

The term "genotype" broadly refers to an organism's genetic make-up; in other words, it characterizes an organism's whole gene pool.

Given that the mother has Hh genotype and father has hh genotype and have red hair, respectively. Thus, the children will have the genotypes Hh and hh.

Thus, as the ratio is 1:1, means there will be 50% Hh genotype and 50% hh genotype.

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Each year, as winter approaches, some species become inactive. They may sleep and use their body’s fat for energy during the cold season.

migration
hibernation
imprinting
conditioning

Answers

Answer:

hibernation

Explanation:

This is hibernation

8. Gamekeepers who hunted birds for leisure in the 1800s wanted a dog that didn't actually

exist, so they mated a mastiff and a bulldog to get the qualities that they wanted. Mastiffs were

big and strong. They were also good companions, but they lacked speed and aggression. The

bulldog however was aggressive and fast, but lacked in strength. Through mating, they

eventually produced a bullmastiff, which was large, quick, strong and aggressive.

This technique is known as

Answers

Answer:

Selective breeding by controlled mating

Explanation:

This technique is used by scientists, breeders, and more. In order to study and breed selected types of animals/plants to get and bring out the ideal traits they're looking for as your statement said.

Final answer:

The breeding technique where gamekeepers crossed mastiffs with bulldogs to create bullmastiffs with desired characteristics is called selective breeding, a method where humans influence animal traits through domestication.

Explanation:

The technique used by gamekeepers in the 1800s, who crossed mastiffs with bulldogs to create a dog breed with the qualities they desired, is known as selective breeding. Selective breeding is a process where humans intervene in the reproduction of species to encourage the mating of individuals with preferred characteristics, producing offspring with desired traits. This method of domestication has led to various changes in domesticated dogs, from their physical attributes to their behaviors, creating a high degree of morphological diversity among dog breeds.

Through domestication and the subsequent selective breeding, humans have significantly influenced the evolution of dogs, selecting for specific traits such as size, speed, strength, and temperament. This manipulation of genetic traits is part of how companion animals like dogs have been shaped to fulfill particular roles, such as hunting, herding, guarding, and protection, over thousands of years.

However, it's important to note that while selective breeding has allowed for the development of various breeds with specialized abilities, it can sometimes lead to negative health consequences for the animals involved. Issues such as a narrowed gene pool and inherited health problems can arise, illustrating the complexity and responsibility tied to selective breeding practices.

Changes to land that contain some soil and life
A)Habitat

B)Niche

C)Primary succession
D)Secondary succession

Answers

Answer:

D, Secondary Succession

Explanation:

The answer is D because a habitat is an organism's home, a niche is the organism's role, and primary succession is when there are changes to land that contain no soil or life. Hope this helped :3

Four elements-chlorine (Cl), potassium (K), argon (Ar), and radium (Ra) according to the periodic table which of these elements has atoms with the most valence electrons?

A.Potassium

B.Chlorine

C.Radium

D.Argon

Answers

Answer: Argon (Ar) has the most valence electrons.

Explanation: Remember, valence electrons are the electrons in the outer most shell in the electron orbits. Argon has 8 on total. While potassium (K) has 1, chlorine (Cl) has 7, and radium (Ra) has 2.

Which occurs during translation but not during transcription?

Answers

Answer: The process wherein the DNA is copied to RNA is called the transcription and translation is when RNA is used to produce protein.

Explanation:

How do animals add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere ?

Answers

Through oxygen Answer Answer through oxygen
Final answer:

Animals contribute to atmospheric carbon dioxide through the biological process of cellular respiration, where they consume oxygen and nutrients to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide which is then exhaled.

Explanation:

Animals add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere primarily through the process of cellular respiration. In this process, animals consume food and oxygen to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide. The produced carbon dioxide is then exhaled into the atmosphere. This is a part of the global carbon cycle, where carbon dioxide is continuously exchanged between the atmosphere, oceans, and living organisms. Therefore, animals play an essential role in maintaining this cycle.

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Please help!! Mason drew the cladogram shown.
Which statements best describe the cladogram? Select THREE options.

a) Reptiles are the most primitive.
b) Birds and reptiles are most closely related.
c) Frogs are more closely related to fish than birds.
d) Frogs are more closely related to birds than fish.
e) Fish are the most primitive.

Answers

Answer:

B, D, E

Explanation:

A would be wrong because reptiles are latest organism and primitive means first, B would be correct because birds and reptiles are in the same branch, C would be wrong because frogs and fish only have fish genes in common, D would be correct because birds and frogs have frog genes and fish genes, E is corrrect because fish were the first organisms to appear... Hope its correct

help please quickly

Answers

Answer:

adding a gene

Select the correct days.
Rachel and her team will conduct canopy fogging to monitor the insect population in an area. Looking at the weather forecast, identify the
days that are ideal for Rachel's team to conduct the research.

Answers

Sunday, Monday, and Saturday  are ideal for Rachel's team to conduct the research.

What is a weather forecast?

Here are some details and considerations that should be kept in mind while deciding which days would be suitable for her team to carry out the experiment that involves canopy fogging:

1. One method used to capture insects for the study of forest insects is canopy fogging. Basically, it entails applying a substance, like pyrethrine, that exclusively affects insects.

2. This chemical is sprayed in the form of an aerosol with the help of a blower and a sprayer, which might be a machine.

3. This method is mostly used to capture live insects for research and study.

4. Windy and/or rainy days are not typically used for canopy fogging. The fogging chemical's effectiveness would be hampered by wind and rain. The minuscule chemical spray particles would be carried away by the wind. The particles may also be removed by rain, and as rain can accompany storms, wind is also likely to be present.  

5. Canopy fogging is possible under clear, sunny conditions without any wind or storms.

Due to the lack of rain and/or wind on these days, Monday, Saturday, and Sunday should be the best days for carrying out canopy fogging.

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Answer:

hope this helps.

Explanation:

Which of the following is a way that scientific advancements have benefited society?
a. increased energy efficiency
b. increased resource use
C. increased urbanization
d. changes in the global climate
Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Answers

Answer:

The best answer is A-energy efficiency

Explanation:

Energy efficiency is a positive contribution made by science to benefit the user (less costs of electricity) and the planet.

B. Increased resource use

Which statements describe how the body maintains homeostasis on a hot day? Check all that apply.

The nervous system and the muscular system work together.
The muscular system and skeletal system work together.
Muscles make small, rapid movements to produce heat within the body.
Sweat reaches the surface of the skin and evaporates into the air.
Muscles underneath the skin contract, causing hair on the skin to stand up.
Muscles underneath the skin relax, causing hair on the skin to lay flat.

Answers

Answer:

A, D, F

Explanation:

I got it correct

The best statements describe how the body maintains homeostasis on a hot day are:

Sweat reaches the surface of the skin and evaporates into the air.Muscles make small, rapid movements to produce heat within the body.Muscles underneath the skin relax, causing hair on the skin to lay flat.

What is Homeostasis?

Homeostasis refers to the ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment in the face of changes in the external environment.

On a hot day, the body needs to maintain a balance between heat gain and heat loss in order to maintain a stable body temperature.

In summary, the body uses multiple mechanisms, such as sweating, shivering thermogenesis, and controlling the amount of heat lost through the skin, to maintain homeostasis on a hot day and maintain a stable body temperature.

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Which of the following is most likely to happen if the cell membrane does not function properly?

The cell will not be able to store waste.
The cell will not be able to eliminate waste.
The cell will absorb oxygen during photosynthesis.
The cell will absorb carbon dioxide during respiration.

Quick

Answers

The answer is B i believe you’re welcome

Answer:

B

Explanation:

The cell will not be able to eliminate waste.

Brainliest!!!!
Help me

Graph one shows a sudden drop in fermentation after the evolution of the first living cells. Describe why this change occurred and how it may relate to temperature.

Answers

after the evolution of the first living cells, fermentation wasn't needed, because aerobic respiration was now doable, since there was more oxygen in the air now. also, as the temperature increases, it becomes more energy consuming to conduct fermentation over aerobic respiration.

Hope this helps :)

What are POPs?
POPs are 1 _____
organic pollutants. An example of a POP is 2 ______.
1. persistent
1.short-lived
1.permanent
2. sulfur dioxide
2.nitrogen oxide
2.DDT​

Answers

1.) persistent 2.) nitrogen
(I think nitrogen fits I’m not sure...)

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are harmful chemicals, such as DDT, that are persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic, posing long-term risks to health and the environment.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are a group of organic chemicals that have been widely used as pesticides or industrial chemicals, such as DDT. They are characterized by three main properties: they are persistent, meaning they last a long time in the environment and resist breakdown for years or even decades; they are bioaccumulative, accumulating in the fatty tissues of animals and humans, especially from the food they consume and as they move up the food chain.

Their concentration levels can increase exponentially; and they are toxic, causing a variety of health effects such as impacts on the nervous system, reproductive and developmental issues, immune system suppression, cancer, and endocrine disruption. Most POPs have been banned worldwide due to their harmful effects, although some uses remain permitted under specific conditions such as using DDT for malaria control.

Who was responsible for medical records before 1928?

Answers

Answer:

The physical medical record belongs to the physician who created and the facility in which the record was created. The information gathered within the original medical record is owned by the patient. That is why patients are allowed a COPY of their medical record, but not the original document.

Hope it helps you.

Final answer:

Before 1928, medical records were the collective responsibility of individual physicians and the medical community. Contributions from figures like Hippocrates laid the foundation for record keeping, while later advancements from medical associations and pioneering black doctors shaped the practice further.

Explanation:

Before 1928, the responsibility for medical records was less defined than it is today. Medical knowledge and documentation practices evolved over time, with contributions from a variety of sources.

The Greek physician Hippocrates (460-370 BC), often called the "father of Western medicine", laid an early foundational role in this field. His belief in natural causes for diseases set the stage for later medical documentation practices. The Hippocratic Corpus, a collection of texts attributed to Hippocrates and his students, is one of the oldest existing medical records. Later advancements in medical practice and standards were made by various individuals and organizations. For instance, in the 1800s, the American Medical Association and other physician societies helped improve medical standards and knowledge.

Specific individuals made significant contributions to medicine and medical recording before 1928. For example, Black doctors were instrumental in advancing medical knowledge in the early 20th century despite facing discrimination. Innovations by Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller, Dr. Louis T. Wright, Dr. William August Hinton, and Dr. Charles Drew significantly impacted medical practices, including the management of medical records related to their respective specialties.

Which physiological systems are responsible for movement?
A. skeletal and muscular
B. lymphatic and endocrine
C. nervous and reproductive
D. respiratory and circulatory​

Answers

Answer: A Skeletal and muscular system

Explanation: This is because the muscles in the body are responsible for movement while the skeletons are responsible for keeping the muscles together to remain upright.

Final answer:

The skeletal system and muscular system are responsible for movement, with regulatory control by the nervous system. The correct option is A.

Explanation:

The physiological systems responsible for movement are the skeletal system and the muscular system. The skeletal system provides the structure and support for the body, allowing for movement when the muscles contract and relax. The muscular system is composed of muscle tissue that can contract, thereby enabling movement and stability along with maintenance of posture. These systems work in conjunction with the nervous system, which controls both voluntary and involuntary movements through signals sent to the muscles.

Which of these conclusions can be made from the data in the table?

Cellular respiration produces nitrogen.

Cellular respiration uses oxygen.

Cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.

Photosynthesis produces oxygen.

Answers

Answer: cellular respiration uses oxygen and cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide

Explanation:

Answer:

cellular respiration uses oxygen and cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide

Explanation:

list some biotic animals in California.

Answers

Answer:

spotted owl

ferret

California gull

squirrels

Explanation:

25 POINTS!!!!!

IT'S NOT D


What is a disadvantage of the point count method of population monitoring?

A.

It leads to the death of the sampled individuals.

B.

It only records trends in population at fixed locations in the ecosystem.

C.

It requires traversing through the ecosystem, which may be difficult in rugged terrain.

D.

It’s only useful for monitoring organisms that are fixed in one place.

E.

It requires capturing the animal for a brief period of time.

Answers

B because i googled it

Answer:

B.

It only records trends in population at fixed locations in the ecosystem.

PLEASE ANSWER QUICK ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST AND 100 POINTS A circuit contains two lamps connected in series. What would happen to the brightness of each lamp if two more lamps were added? Explain.

Answers

Answer:

the brightness would decrease little by little because  more lamps are being add which takes more energy from one lamp and put it in the other

Answer:

they would even out the light between each other. this happens because there is a certain amount out light. the 2 lamps would become dimmer and the other lamps will light up about to the same as the first 2

Explanation:

sorry if i am wrong

Changes to the global climate could include
a. changes to temperature
b. changes to pressure
C. changes to precipitation
d. all of the above
Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Answers

Answer:

d. all of the above

Explanation:

please give brainiest hehe

its ok if not

have a great day good luck

Changes to the global climate could include changes in temperature, pressure and precipitation. Therefore, option (D) is correct.

Global climate refers to the long-term distribution of heat and precipitation on Earth's surface. Heat from the sun keeps the World's typical temperature at around 60°F (16°C), inside a reach that takes into consideration natural life.

Temperature and weather patterns that change over time are referred to as climate change. Although these shifts may be natural, human activities have been the primary cause of climate change since the 1800s, primarily through the burning of fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, and gas).

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What do the variations in the lemming population illustrate

Answers

Answer:

the impact that population cycles have on predators

Explanation:

Just did the Exam for Marine Science!

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Who came up with the idea of natural selection

Answers

Charles Darwin and Russel Alfred came up with the idea of natural selection.

Charles Darwin & Alfred Russel Wallace.

What options are available in the public policy domain of sustainability?

In the public policy domain of sustainability, federal, state, or city agencies can either 1._____
sustainability through proactive zoning laws or 2.______ it through,for example,strict emission controls.

1. support
1. ignore
1.discourage
2.sponsor
2.disregard
2.enforce​

Answers

Answer:

1. support

2. enforce

Explanation:

Public policy domain of sustainability is a framework that deals with sustainability issues. There are three major domains of sustainability including the economy, the environment, and the social. These all the domains are connected with each other and support the sustainability issues.

Government or other federal agencies play important role in order to support the sustainability policy and to achieve the goal of sustainaibility through proactive zoning laws. for example: city agencies can improvise wastewater management, developing water quality policy frameworks and checking the pollutants in the environment.

The Government or state, or city agencies can also enforce, some of the policy for sustainability goal. For example: strict laws for emission control, in which government make strcit rules for regulating auto emission in order to control air pollution.  

Hence, the correct options are 1. support and 2. enforce.

Answer:

Explanation:

Support

Enforce

Suppose that and ecosystem experiences a decline in a major species of consumer. How might the ecosystem food web be affected?

Answers

Answer:

If consumers decrese, the animal that eats them will die off and the animal that eats that one will die off and so forth. Also, the plants will not be under 100% controle.

Explanation:

Which parts do BOTH animal and plant cells have?

Answers

Answer:

They both contain membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes.

Explanation:


What is a chromosome?

Answers

Answer:

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

Explanation:

Answer:  A chromosome is a DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. Most eukaryotic chromosomes include packaging proteins which, aided by chaperone proteins, bind to and condense the DNA molecule to prevent it from becoming an unmanageable tangle

Explanation:

which of the following best describes the flow of energy in photosynthesis?


Energy from the sun is transformed into stored chemical energy if the form of glucose.


Energy from the sun is transformed into stored chemical energy if the form of ATP.


Stored chemical energy is transformed into solar energy.


Chemical energy in the form of glucose is transformed into ATP.

Answers

Answer:

Energy from the sun is transformed into stored chemical energy if the form of glucose.

Explanation:

Glucose is the food of plants

Energy from the sun is transformed into stored chemical energy if the form of glucose. Thus, option A is correct.

What is photosynthesis?

It is the process by which green plants and some of the other species convert light energy into the chemical energy. In the process, green plants, capture light energy and use it to transform it into the energy-rich organic compound. The three basic ingredients required by the plants for the process of photosynthesis are Water, Carbon dioxide and Sunlight

Plants use all these ingredients to produce chemical energy in the form of glucose, which is a sugar that plants require in order to thrive. During the process of photosynthesis, plants take carbon dioxide and water from the air and soil. Within the cells of the plant, water get oxidized, and carbon dioxide get reduced. This converts carbon dioxide into glucose and water into oxygen.

Therefore, Energy from the sun is transformed into stored chemical energy if the form of glucose. Thus, option A is correct.

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