Classification in biology is ever-changing due to increased understanding of microorganisms, advancements in genetic analysis, and the limitations of existing classification systems. It is constant work to accurately portray organisms' relationships and their true evolutionary history. This is illustrated in the example of the prokaryotic species splitting into Archaea and Bacteria.
Explanation:Classification in biology is subject to change due to our continuously evolving understanding of organisms. This is particularly evident in our ever-changing comprehensions of microorganisms and phylogenetic modeling concepts, as well as advancements in genetic analysis. Many disciplines within biology, including fossil study, DNA analysis, and the study of body part structures, all contribute to building and updating the "tree of life" or, in other words, the classification system used for organisms.
Limitations of classification systems like the Linnaean system are another factor that necessitates changes. Some species can exhibit mimicry and have different forms in different stages of their life, making them difficult to identify based on physical characteristics alone. This is where new models of relationships among organisms become important.
Recent advancement in genetic analysis has challenged some earlier taxonomic classifications. A significant example includes the separation of prokaryotic species into Archaea and Bacteria, due to their vast genetic differences. Therefore, continuous updates in classification are mandatory to reflect true evolutionary relationships.
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When the cell excretes sodium from within, against the natural tendency of matter, it is performing _____.
passive diffusion
facilitated diffusion
active transport
pinocytosis
When the cell excretes sodium from within, against the natural tendency of matter, it is performing active transport.
In active transport the molecules move across a membrane from the region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using the cellular energy for the motion against the concentration gradient.
The cell excreting sodium from within is a part of the sodium potassium pump. In sodium-potassium pump the sodium ions are transported from inside the cell to outside actively although the concentration of sodium is higher outside the cell. The energy which is used to transport sodium from inside to outside and potassium from outside to inside both against the concentration gradient is obtained through the breakdown of the ATP molecule.
Who was the naturalist who synthesized a concept of natural selection independently of darwin?
One function of this type of leukocyte is to digest antigen-antibody complexes.
The one that is considered to be a type of leukocyte and that has the ability of digesting antigen and antibody complexes is the eosinophils. When present, this indicates that there is a presence of infection or cancer and even allergic reaction.
Recent research emphasizes the significant role of _________ in weight loss and health.
The male gametophytes of flowering plants are also referred to as _____. the male gametophytes of flowering plants are also referred to as _____. pollen grains megaspores endosperm embryo sacs male sporophytes
Answer:
Pollen grains
Explanation:
Pollen grains are male sporophytes
In guinea pigs, dark hair (D) is dominant over light hair (d) and curly hair (C) is dominant over smooth hair (c). Complete a dihybrid cross for parents with the genotypes: DdCc × DdCc and answer the following in complete sentences.
1. Describe how you would set up a Punnett square for this cross.
2. List the likelihood of each possible offspring genotype.
3. List the likelihood of each possible offspring phenotype.
The most abundant gases in the earth's present day atmosphere (by volume) are ____.
Dna is composed of building blocks called _____. dna is composed of building blocks called _____. nucleic acids gs nucleotides adenines amino acids
DNA is composed of several Nucleotides. The correct option is B. Dna is composed of building blocks called Nucleotides.
What are nucleotides?
Nucleotides are the monomers that compose polymers like DNA and RNA. They get attached to each other by covalent bonds.
Nucleotide are made of,
Nitrogenated bases- Purines ⇒ Adenine and Guanine
- Pyrimidines ⇒Thymine and Cytosine.
Sugar group- The DNA sugar group is deoxyribose
Phosphate groupCentral phosphoric atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms
Nucleotides have a certain order or sequence in nucleic acids, which is significant since these sequences carry biological information necessary to carry out cellular functions.
The correct option is B. Nucleotides
Dna is composed of building blocks called Nucleotides.
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When dna replication halts in a polymerase chain reaction, owing to the incorporation of a tagged base into a growing dna chain, a(n) _____ results?
A device in which a chain reaction is initiated and controlled with the purpose of producing electrical power is called _____.
A. a nuclear reactor
B. breeder rods
C. protons and neutrons
D. spent fuel
A device in which a chain reaction is initiated and controlled with the purpose of producing electrical power is called a nuclear reactor.
A nuclear reactor is a device that is created to control a chain reaction in order to produce a steady flow of neutrons created by the fission of heavy nuclei. Nuclear reactors are differentiated by their uses into research reactors and power reactors. The research reactors are used for conducting basic research and to produce medical isotopes for cancer treatment and imaging, while power reactors are mainly used for generating electricity.
Salutations! would you kindly help me out on this question?
The diagram shows embryo development of four different animals. How is this
evidence to sugest that life changes over time?
A: Stiking similarites at early developmental stages is evidence that they came from a common ancestor.
B: Late-stage embyronic development illustrates how aacquired characteristics have caused these to become more differentiated over time.
C: These stages indicate that animals within a species must have changed over time.
D: The DNA of all these life forms begins exaclty the same and then changes over time as it replicates to produce the orgainsms different traits
A unique feature of dna is that it can duplicate itself through a process called
Final answer:
DNA can duplicate itself through a process called replication, which is essential before cell division. Each strand of the DNA double helix acts as a template for new DNA strands, ensuring genetic continuity in daughter cells via mitosis or meiosis.
Explanation:
A unique feature of DNA is that it can duplicate itself through a process called replication. During the cell division, the genetic material has to be copied so that new cells contain the full set of chromosomes. This is achieved by the complementary base pairing of the DNA's double helix structure. As the two strands of the helix are separated, each serves as a template for creating a new complementary chain, ensuring that each daughter cell has an identical set of DNA.
The mechanism of DNA replication is crucial for both asexual reproduction through processes like mitosis and sexual reproduction involving meiosis. In mitosis, an exact replica of the cell's DNA is created, allowing for growth and tissue repair. In meiosis, DNA replication precedes the formation of germ cells with a haploid genome. The precise duplication of DNA ensures the continuity of genetic information from parent to offspring.
Which of the following are possible causes of global warming? Check all that apply.
human activitydifferences in emitted energy from Earthnatural fluctuationschanges in distance to the Sunpoor measurement
Answer: Human Activity and Natural Fluctuations
Explanation:
A. Human activity
C. Natural fluctuations
Global WarmingGlobal warming usually refers to human-induced warming of the Earth system.
Causes of Global Warming:Greenhouse Gases, Variations in the Sun's Intensity, Industrial Activity, Agricultural Activity,Deforestation, Natural fluctuations.Thus, the possible causes of global warming are options A and C.
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A student creates the table above as a study guide. evaluate the accuracy of the information shown. the information is not accurate because the anterior air sacs push air when they expand and pull air when then contract. the information is not accurate because air sacs expand during exhalation and contract during inhalation. the information shown is accurate. the information is not accurate because air does not flow through the lungs during exhalation.
(Select all that apply.) Ecosystems _____.
can be small
can be large
are made of biomes
only have living parts
have nonliving parts
The answers would be "can be small", "can be large", and "have nonliving parts". This is 100% correct, because I got it right on my lesson.
Answer:
The answers are:
- Can be small
- Can be large
- Have nonliving parts
Explanation:
An ecosystem is a biological system constituted by a community of living organisms and the physical environment where they are related (that is, it is composed of both living and non-living parts). It is a unit composed of interdependent organisms that share the same habitat. A biome is made up of many similar ecosystems, so an ecosystem is much smaller than a biome, although the size of the ecosystems can vary (they can be large or they can be small).
Bill says all cells have a nucleus but we know that some cells, like _____ cells have no nucleus
Prokaryotes have a cytoplasm, nucleoid, ribosomes, cell membrane, and cell wall as their essential structural components. Prokaryotes with capsules are some. Prokaryotes with flagella exist. Prokaryotes with pili exist.
What are the characteristic of prokaryotic cell?The nuclear membrane is absent. A cell wall protects every prokaryotic cell. There are prokaryotes with flagella and pili.
One chromosome contains all the genetic material. They are deficient in the histone proteins, which are crucial parts of eukaryotic chromosomes.
Single-celled creatures known as prokaryotes are found in the Bacteria and Archaea domains. Organelles are absent from prokaryotic cells, they lack a nucleus, and they are much smaller than eukaryotic cells.
Therefore, Bill says all cells have a nucleus, but we know that some cells, like prokaryotic cells, have no nucleus.
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What cell structure would be involved in digesting worn out ribesomes?
The discovery of isotopes led to the discovery of which part of the atom
Answer:
neutron
Explanation:
Before the discovery of neutron by Chawick, Thomson discovered the atom and in later researches he also discovered the electron as negatively charged particle residing outside the nucleus of any atom but he could not find neutron by then.
Later on with the discovery of isotopes, Chadwick also proposed the discovery of neutron and he explained that isotopes of same element consists of same electron and proton number but have varying neutron number.
Describe three approaches used to slow down the rate of extinction
The three ways or approaches that one can do to slow down extinction or in a way to preserve biodiversity are the following;
- Breeding endangered species that may preserve and multiply their species
- Protecting the endangered species in a way that they should not be held captive, be sold or kill for materialistic goods or food products
- Prevention of using animal testing in factories and companies
The level of weight that the body tries to maintain is known as
Why does your breathing rate increase when you exercise?
Why do you feel hot and cold at the same time when you're sick?
Review the water cycle diagram below. What would be the effect on the mountains if the ocean were not nearby?
A. Condensation rates would increase dramatically.
B. Vapor pressure and atmospheric pressure would increase.
C. Snowmelt runoff would increase slightly.
D. There would be much less precipitation and evaporation.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I just the flvs test.
Carbon monoxide poisoning in homes is an unlikely health problem. True of False .... I put False
In contrast to cooperative hunting, which are benefits of herding only? Check all that apply. foraging reproduction divison of labor protection aerodynamic efficiency hydrodynamic efficiency
OPTION A, B, C.
The benefits of herding as opposed to cooperative hunting include efficient foraging, increased protection, and division of labor among the herd members, all of which contribute to survival and sustenance of the group.
Explanation:In contrast to cooperative hunting, there are distinct benefits for animals living in herding societies. The key benefits of herding include foraging, protection, and division of labor.
Foraging becomes more efficient in herds. Animals can cover larger areas and gather food resources more swiftly and with reduced risks. This gathering of food resource is often guided by the herding society's knowledge about their environment, vegetation, and water sources.
The protection element is a crucial advantage of herd living. Members of a herd can look out for one another and provide greater defense against predators. This is especially notable in 'clumped' population distributions, where the safety of individuals is improved within the group structure.
Last but not least, division of labor is another crucial benefit. Tasks within the herd can be distributed among different members, creating a more balanced and efficient system. This includes aspects like taking care of young ones, sourcing food, or even roles in herd defense.
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What similarities and differences do prokaryotes have with modern-day green plants?
Answer:
Plants are the multicellular organism which are formed of eukaryotic cells.
Since plants are made of eukaryotic cells they show many differences and few similarities with the primitive prokaryotic cells.
Differences
Feature Prokaryotes Plants
Nucleus Absent Present
Chromosomes one but not true More than one
Lysosomes Absent Present
peroxisomes Absent Present
Microtubules Absent Present
Endoplasmic reticulum Absent Present
Mitochondria Absent Present
Cytoskeleton Absent Present
Type of Ribosomes 70S 80S
Golgi apparatus Absent Present
Chloroplasts Absent Present
Similarities
Genetic material Present Present
Vacuoles Present Present
Vesicles Present Present
Cell wall Present Present
Ribosomes Present Present
Cell membrane Present Present
A scientific experiment is conducted to determine the effects of different levels of caffeine on exercise performance. in this experiment, what are the levels of caffeine?
How does a catalyst speed up chemical reactions?
Answer:
By lowering down the activation energy.
Explanation:
Activation energy is the energy required to transform the substrate into the high energy state that is eventually converted into the product. High energy requirement in the form of activation energy does not allow the reactions to occur at a higher rate under room temperature.
Catalysts are the substances that speed up the chemical reaction by lowering down the activation energy. The reduced energy requirement allows the reactions to occur at higher rates in presence of catalysts.
Stimulation of the vagus nerve in the baroreceptor reflex causes __________.
The stimulation of the vagus nerve in the baroreceptor reflex leads to parasympathetic stimulation, which decreases heart rate and cardiac output to help lower high blood pressure and maintain vascular homeostasis.
The baroreceptor reflex is a critical component of the body's ability to maintain vascular homeostasis. When blood pressure rises too high, the baroreceptors increase their firing rate, leading to parasympathetic stimulation of the vagus nerve, which slows the heart. Conversely, when blood pressure becomes too low, the rate of baroreceptor firing decreases, prompting an increase in sympathetic stimulation and a reduction in parasympathetic tone to raise the heart rate and blood pressure.
Science help
How does a scientist compare the age of a rock with other rocks?
(a) by determining the relative age of the rock
(b) by deciding the exact date the rock was formed
(c) by finding the level of radioactive isotope decay in the rock
(d) by finding the absolute age of the rock
2. Which of the following could be used to interpret the geologic history of a location?
(a) human remains
(b) atmospheric components
(c) rock layers
(d) plant life
3. Geologists frequently look at the relationships among rock layers. Which statement best describes the information geologists get from studying these relationships?
(a) They can tell how old the rocks are.
(b) They get a sense of which rocks are the most valuable.
(c) They get a sense of the history of the area they are investigating.
(d) They can tell how dense the rocks are.
4. Which of the following events separate geologic time into eras and periods?
(a)the appearance and disappearance of groups of organisms
(b)the number of earthquakes occurring at that time
(c)the appearance and disappearance of volcanoes
(d)the creation of new ocean ridges
5. Which of the following provides evidence that has helped earth scientists determine the age of the earth more precisely?
(a) tree rings
(b)earth's distance from the sun
(c)helium dating
(d)radioactive dating
6. While collecting samples or rocks, a scientist collects several samples that contain fossils. What is most likely the type of rock in the scientist's samples?
(a)Mineral
(b)Igneous
(c)Sedimentary
(d)Metamorphic
7. If a sandstone in contact with a granite contains fragments of the granite, what can you infer?
(a)The granite was intruded into the sandstone.
(b)The granite is older than the sandstone.
(c)The sandstone and granite are the same age.
(d)The granite is younger than the sandstone
(d) by finding the absolute age of the rock
Explanation:The relative age of a rock is not an exact number or age; rather it's the comparison of one rock or fossil to another to determine which one is older or younger. Scientists use carbon dating to calculate the age of a rock. Organic material from the rock is tested and that information is used to calculate the estimated age.
C) Rock layers
Explanation:The Fossil Record and Geologic Time Fossils of plants and animals are present in some rocks. These fossils contribute to our understanding of geologic time and they show us the time span when and how a civilization used to live.
Answer to Q3:
(c) They get a sense of the history of the area they are investigating.
Explanation:Fossils scaled into rocks are fundamental to the geologic time scale. For instance rocks formed during the Proterozoic Eon may have fossils of relative simple organisms, such as bacteria, algae, and wormlike animals while Rocks formed during the Phanerozoic Eon may have fossils of complex animals and plants such as dinosaurs, mammals, and trees.
Answer to Q4:
(a)the appearance and disappearance of groups of organisms
Explanation:the appearance and disappearance of groups of organisms in different geological eras of earth history shows the time span of that era. This time span can be easily determined from the fossils present on sedimentary rocks because they show the family or group of those species which were present in that particular time period.
Answer to Q5:
(d)radioactive dating
Explanation:Scientists use radioactivity techniques to determine the age of earth. As we know radioactive substances emit energy continuously and they have a certain half life period so calculating the half life period can show us the age of earth by comparing the half lives of different radioactive elements. For example in uranium-lead dating, for instance, the radioactive decay of uranium into lead proceeds at a reliable rate.
Answer to Q6:
(c)Sedimentary
Explanation:Mostly sedimentary rocks like limestone and shale are the best options in the formation of fossils. Igneous rocks are formed directly from hot lava that is why they would not be able to preserve any remnants of living organisms that fall in it during its formation.
Answer to Q7:
The granite is older than the sandstone.
Explanation:The principle of inclusions states that with sedimentary rocks, if inclusions are found in a formation, then the inclusions must be older than the formation that contains them. So in simple words pieces of the older rock will be included in the younger rock therefore option B is the correct answer.