Answer:
1- Why was the nation-state ideal seen as the vehicle for stability? Why has this ideal not been realized in the modern era? :
People started to see the nation-state concept as the ultimate form of political-territorial organization, the suitable entity entitled to sovereignty, and the best route to peace. The key issue associated with the nation-state concept is that it implies the existence of separate regions of relatively well-defined, prosperous nations living contiguously. Very few places in the world meet this criterion. Nevertheless, many assumed the expectation could be met in late-eighteenth and nineteenth-century Europe.
2- Describe how multinational states devolve - site specific examples:
People living in the former Yugoslav state have never attained a strong sense of Yugoslav nationhood. Millions of people who were Yugoslav citizens had never been Yugoslav nationals. They were identified as Slovenians, Croats, Serbs or members of other nations or ethnic groups. Yugoslavia was a state made up of more than one nation, and eventually collapsed.
3- Name two prominent stateless nations and why they are the source of tension and violence?:
The Palestinians are an example of a country without a Territory. The Palestinian Arabs have taken control of the Gaza Strip and parts of West Bank and Golan Heights Occupied Territories. Such territories could lay the foundations for a future state. The UN agency for Palestinian refugees tracks 5 million Palestinian refugees who have been registered. In Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and other Arab states, well over half of these registered refugees continue to live. The Gaza Strip and the West Bank are home to over 2 million Palestinians; however, the international community does not fully accept the Palestinian lands as a state.
A much larger stateless nation is the Kurds, a community of 25 to 30 million people living in an area known as Kurdistan which covers parts of six states. Following the Gulf War of 1991, the United Nations set up a Kurdish Security Zone north of Iraq's 36th parallel, and that area continues to have significant autonomy in present-day Iraq. The no-fly zone in northern Iraq's Kurdish region has provided a relatively peaceful place compared with ongoing conflict in southern Iraq. Violent acts still mar the Kurdish north but petrodollars have also brought prosperity to the region. A recent New York Times travel article described new theme parks and gated communities reflecting the affluence in the city of Erbil, Iraq's Kurdish capital. The article also described the 6000-year-old citadel of Erbil as a reminder that the town is "one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities."
4- How did European colonialism lead to the diffusion of the nation-state model?:
Spain and Portugal took advantage of an increasingly well-consolidated internal political structure and accumulated riches during the first wave of colonization in the 16 century to expand their influence to ever more far-flung territories. The first wave of colonialism, which was later joined by Britain, France, the Netherlands and Belgium, established a far-reaching political and economic system. A second wave of colonialism began in the late 1800s, after independence movements in the Americas during the late 1700s and 1800s. Britain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and Italy were the major colonizers. For the Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 the colonizing parties met and unilaterally mapped out the colonial map of Africa without regard to local cultural or political arrangements.
5- How did colonialism help create an integrated world economy?:
For certain cases the movements of raw materials are as large as they were before the end of the colonial era. For example, in Gabon, Africa today, the railroad goes from the plywood logging inland forest to Libreville, the major port and capital city. South of Libreville is the second largest city, Port Gentil, but the two cities are not directly connected by road or railroad. The cities are 90 miles apart as the crow flies, but if you drive from one to the other the circuitous road takes you 435 miles away. All cities depend on exports. Port Gentil is linked to the global oil industry, with global oil companies responsible for building a large part of the town and its houses and the employment of lots of its people.
5- What is world-systems theory? How does this theory explain the geography of wealth in the world today?:
Global-system theory: Immanuel Wallerstein's theory, illuminated by his three-tiered structure, suggests that social change in the developing world is inextricably linked with the developed world's economic activities. 1. The world economy has a single market, and a global labor division.
2. Although the world has multiple states, in the sense of the world economy, almost everything takes place.
3. The world economy is hierarchical three-tiered.
The term collectivism embraces communism and socialism and similar philosophies on the left side of the political or economic spectrum.True / False.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Collectivism: The term collectivism is referred to as one of the political theory which is based on communism. It aims at the idea that an individual should give priority to society's good over a person's welfare. The collectivism has put a particular group before considering an individual.
Example: Culture.
In other words, collectivism is defined as the phenomenon in which a particular culture gives more attention to community and family over an individual.
Ashlee and Raymond live together in an intimate relationship without formal legal or religious sanctioning. This arrangement is known by sociologists as ________
Answer: Cohabitation
Explanation:
Cohabitation is defined as the situation where two people are staying with each other but are not actually married rather lives the live as of married people. People in this type relationship have emotion and sexual interaction like married couples.
Different states have different point of view regarding cohabitation law .Some state signifies this situation as offense while other law permits cohabitation practice.
According to the question, Raymond and Ashlee are involved in cohabitation where they live togather as a married couple without getting married in legal terms an d also share sexual relationship.
Worshipers at religious revival services and revelers assembled on New Year's Eve at Times Square in New York are examples of a(n) __________ crowd.
Answer:
Worshipers at religious revival services and revelers assembled on New Year's Eve at Times Square in New York are examples of a(n) expressive crowd.
Explanation:
An expressive crowd is commonly described as a group of people who are gathering in a place for a specific reason (social, political or religious). They act as a single organism, working together to accomplish their deal, and affect the surrounding area with their behavior.
Worshipers at religious revival services and revelers assembled on New Year's Eve at Times Square in New York are examples of a(n) casual crowd.
A casual crowd is characterized by individuals who come together in a relatively unstructured manner, often for a shared purpose or experience, but without a formal organization or specific goal. Members of a casual crowd may have varying levels of involvement and interaction with one another. The worshipers at religious revival services and revelers at Times Square on New Year's Eve are both examples of people gathering for a common interest or event, yet they do so in a spontaneous and informal way, which is typical of a casual crowd.
In contrast, there are other types of crowds such as the conventional crowd, which gathers for a specific, planned event like a concert or sports game; the expressive crowd, which is driven by the desire to express emotions or opinions, such as a protest; and the acting crowd, which is united by a common goal or action, such as a riot or a rescue operation during a disaster. However, the examples given in the question do not exhibit the structured or goal-oriented nature of these other crowd types, further supporting the classification as a casual crowd.
The ________ perspective contends that people have a natural capacity to make decisions about their lives and to control their behavior.
Answer: Humanistic
Explanation:
The humanistic perspective is one of the type of psychological perspective that basically focuses on the natural potential and capacity of the people that helps in taking various types of decisions about their lives.
The importance of the humanistic perspective is that it emphasizes the stress and the empathy of the human behavior and also describe about the self actualization of growth of the individual people.
It also deals with the various types of social and the mental problems according to the individual tendency and also helps in improving the image of the people
Therefore, Humanistic is the correct answer.
Dr. Faulkner believes that directly observable events—stimuli and responses—are the appropriate focus of the study of development. Dr. Faulkner probably follows the __________ perspective of development.
Answer:
The answer is behaviorism.
Explanation:
Behaviorism is an approach to psychology that intends to understand human and animal behaviour. The theories state that behavior can be predicted and controlled through the environment, and that there is no place for introspection and subjective interpretations.
The key element of behaviorism is that individuals act according to positive or negative reinforcements of their actions. In other words, rewards and punishments.
Dr. Faulkner most likely subscribes to the behaviorist perspective of development which emphasizes that observable behavior is a direct result of environmental stimuli.
Explanation:Dr. Faulkner's focus on directly observable events such as stimuli and responses suggests that he likely adheres to the behaviorist perspective of development. This perspective, which was primarily established by John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner, posits that an individual's observable behavior is a direct result of environmental stimuli. The behaviorists believe that a person's behavior can be predicted and controlled by understanding their response to stimuli. In other words, it's a cause-and-effect relationship where the behavior (effect) is a direct result of the stimulus (cause). This perspective does not take into account unobservable phenomena like thoughts and emotions.
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As opposed to clinical practitioners, who search for individualistic understanding of human behavior, clinical researchers search for general truths about abnormality. The approach of clinical researchers is:A)idiosyncratic.B)nomosynthetic.C)idiographic.D)nomothetic.
The approach of clinical researchers is: nomothetic
Explanation:
Psychiatrists who utilize the nomothetic approach are chiefly involved with inquiring what we deal with others, in short, termed as relationships connecting characters. The phrase “nomothetic” originates from the Greek term “nomos” suggesting “law”. This procedure comprises building ordinances or generalizations that pertain to all characters.
This method typically employs experimental techniques such as tests and investigations to collect data. To perform forecasts about characters in common Group aggregates are statistically examined. Forecasts can be earned about groups but certain may not pertain to selves.
Final answer:
Clinical researchers use a nomothetic approach to search for general truths about abnormality, while clinical practitioners focus on the individualistic understanding of human behavior. An integrative approach combines both idiographic and nomothetic perspectives for a comprehensive understanding of personality.
Explanation:
In psychology, clinical researchers search for general truths about abnormality using a nomothetic approach, which aims to identify general rules that pertain to personality. This approach focuses on what is true for everyone and aims to predict universal truths. Option D
On the other hand, clinical practitioners tend to follow an idiographic approach, seeking individualistic understanding of human behavior by focusing on the uniqueness of each person. They strive to understand the specific characteristics of an individual.
By combining both perspectives, an integrative approach can be achieved, blending the generalizability of nomothetic principles with the appreciation for the uniqueness of individuals highlighted in the idiographic perspective.
Which doctrine binds courts of equal or lesser levels within a jurisdiction to the principles established by higher appellate courts within the same jurisdiction?
Answer:
Stare decisis
Explanation:
Stare decisis is a legal principle of deciding on a case based on precedent established by another court, majorly a superior court like the states Supreme Court or The Supreme Court of the United states. These established
legal doctrines serve as a guide to judges in passing judgement in a case.
If an administrative law judge (ALJ) finds that an unfair discriminatory practice was committed, he or she can provide relief in any EXCEPT which of these ways?
Answer:
Jail time
Explanation:
In the United States, an Administrative Judge is simply a person who tries facts and presides over trials. He also controls the overall proceedings that involve administrative law. The duties of an Administrative Judge include taking testimony, administering oaths, making legal and factual determinations, and making rules on evidence questions. However, he does not have the power to send people to jail.
Frank is a researcher at a large university and is nervous about an important meeting with a group who will scrutinize his research proposal while judging whether or not it follows reasonable ethical guidelines. Frank is meeting with _____.
A.an institutional review board
B.a rank and tenure committee
C.a president?s board committee
D.a funding and endowment board
Answer: A.an institutional review board
Explanation: An institutional review board (IRB) looks at a research proposal from the ethical point when it involves human subjects. The IRB after the rights and welfare of human subjects involved in experiments such as in clinical trials. It ensures that the privacy and human rights of these people are not violated.
It also has the power to weigh the benefit of such a experiment against the risks and approve or shut down a research. It can also suggest changes to the research/experiment as it sees fit.
During the 1928 presidential election campaign, Herbert Hoover, the Republican candidate, argued that the United States should only import those products that could not be produced here. Do you believe that this would be a good policy? Explain.
Answer:
Yes, I believe that this would be a good policy.
Explanation:
In International political economy, nation states have to channel their energy into that for which they have much resources to achieve in order to cut down on cost and as no nation can live in isolation, we must depend partly on other nations. This is the maxim behind the "Comparative Economic advantage".
Importing that which the country cannot produce also creates employment for the citizenry as these foreign products can now be sold by locals to meet the needs of those who desire them.
In addition, the country can also gain by learning the tricks in the production of these products as they come into the country. This is especially relevant in the area of ICT. Albeit in the course of allowing these goods into the country, the country must not allow itself to be turned into a dumping ground.
Heather's two toddlers often accompany her on routine trips to the supermarket. Heather uses the opportunity to point out and identify different fruits and vegetables. She explains how each one contributes to a healthy diet. Heather is using _____ to teach her children cultural knowledge, skills, and habits.
Answer:
Guided Participation.
Explanation:
Guided Participation is a process by which parents tend to teach their children cultural knowledge, skills and habits which would be beneficial to their growth and development and can be used in their everyday life.
In a populous market town, a small number of merchants and landholders have accumulated wealth and extreme stratification arises. Which is the best explanation for this?
Answer:
Wealth is often the piling up of fixed assets, not cash.
The accumulation of wealth and stratification in a populous market town are due to trade, strategic advantages, and inheritance, amplified by the ability of wealthy merchants and landholders to manipulate economic and political systems, resulting in lasting economic inequality.
Explanation:The best explanation for the accumulation of wealth and the arising extreme stratification in a market town is connected to how economic systems and social stratification lead to unequal wealth distribution. The few merchants and landholders who were able to accumulate wealth did so through strategic advantage and free trade, often coupled with inherited benefits or political and economic manipulation. This wealth accumulation set the stage for greater economic inequality, creating a gap between the wealthy and the poor.
In early societies, an initial advantage could lead to significant wealth over time, especially for those involved in trade or agriculture who could acquire more goods and property. This was magnified in urban centers where merchants could amass fortunes and influence. However, the ability to hide wealth made taxation less effective, exacerbating the wealth gap. Conversely, some forms of local self-organization and coordination, including taxation policies, attempted to mitigate these disparities but often with limited success.
Societal wealth and stratification began as populations settled and engaged in trade, leading to the formation of social classes. The roots of these economic divisions lie in the disproportionate bargaining power of wealth owners, and the influence of legal, social, and political institutions on wealth distribution. Contemporary societies continue to wrestle with balancing economic efficiency and equitable wealth distribution even as forms of inequality persist through generations.
You are setting up a network in a new office. You have been asked to ensure that users can access all the network servers using the name of the server such as server1.domain.local. What do you need to configure?
Answer:
DNS server
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that in this scenario you would need to configure a DNS server. A Domain Name Service (DNS) is a specific computer server that contains within it a database of public IP addresses as well as the host-names that are associated to them. This would resolve the domain names to the specific IP addresses allowing any user to access all the network servers using the name of the server.
____________________ is the primary form of correctional treatment used by the juvenile justice system.
The correct answer is probation
Explanation: Probation is the primary form of correctional treatment used by the juvenile justice system.
What type of development involves thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interaction with other people?
Answer:
Moral development involves thoughts, feelings and behaviors regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interactions with others.
Explanation:
Moral development, as outlined by Lawrence Kohlberg, is the process by which individuals learn and apply societal norms, values, and moral standards which guide their interactions with others. This is a continuous cognitive, emotional, and social process influenced by numerous factors.
Explanation:The type of development described in the question is known as moral development. According to Lawrence Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development, this is the process by which people acquire values, standards, and moral rules, which are essential for interacting with others in society. The theory delineates three levels of development: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional.
In the preconventional stage, judgments are based primarily on personal needs and outcomes. The conventional level is where societal rules and laws are recognized, accepted, and maintained. Lastly, the postconventional level involves reasoning that extends beyond the norms and laws of society, where rules can be adjusted or ignored based on the situation and personal beliefs.
Merely knowing what is right doesn't always lead to right action, thus the application of moral development can vary among individuals. Furthermore, this development is influenced by a variety of factors including upbringing, peer influence, and personal experiences. Hence, moral development is not only cognitive, but also emotional and social, given the significance of understanding and navigating one's interaction with others.
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The ability to simultaneously copy different figures with the right and left hand is most characteristic of those whose ________ has been cut.A) somatosensory cortexB) hippocampusC) corpus callosumD) motor cortex
Answer:
C) corpus callosum
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that this is characteristic of those whose corpus callosum has been cut. This part of the brain functions to integrate motor, sensory, and cognitive performances between the cerebral cortex on one side of the brain with the similar region on the other side of the brain. Which is why if cut may lead to the ability to simultaneously copy different figures with the right and left hand
After a long evening of natural childbirth, and seeing her son for the first time, Dalia is relieved to be in_____, the shortest of the three birth stages.
Answer:
Afterbirth stage
Explanation:
The afterbirth stage is the stage that happened after the birth of a baby. This is the stage when the placenta gets separated from the wall of the uteru-s and it passes through the vagin-a part.
This is called the stage of the afterbirth stage. This is called the shortest period of pain after the delivery of a child. The duration of this staging period is about 20 minutes. At this stage, women feel the contraction in the uterus but in actual it is not labor pain. If a women get tear vagin-a part doctor give stitches after labor delivery. Delia was on the stage of afterbirth.
Each society has a type of social stratification. How does the United States ideologically justify its type of stratification system?
A. The class a person is in has nothing to do with ability; one is born into it.
B. A person is in complete control over the class he or she is in. Hard work (or lack of it) determines class.
C. One's relatives are responsible for one's social class.
D. Luck determines class.
The correct answer is letter B
Social stratification is a sociological concept used to classify individuals or groups based on the analysis of socioeconomic conditions. Social stratification also serves as a basis for understanding the configuration of society in hierarchies and in the formation of social inequalities
Final answer:
The U.S. justifies its social stratification on the belief in meritocracy, where hard work and individual achievement determine social class.
Explanation:
In the United States, the ideological justification for the country's social stratification system is most closely aligned with the belief in meritocracy, where hard work and individual achievement are seen as the determinants of one's social class. This reflects a broader cultural belief that each person has control over their social standing and that personal effort and talent, rather than inherited status or luck, drive social mobility. The prevailing American ideology emphasizes the value of equality of opportunity and the notion that with enough determination and initiative, anyone can improve their socio-economic status.
"I believe that consciousness should be studied to help us understand the adaptive and practical functions of human behavior." Such a statement is MOST likely to have been made by_________-
Answer:
William James
Explanation:
William James was born in 1842 and died in 1910, he was a famous American psychologist and philosopher of his times and has proposed the theory of functionalism.
According to James, Functionalism is based on the idea that how an individual behaves and thinks and the way it helps him or her to adapt in his or her environment.
According to James, the term "stream of consciousness" is defined as the flow of an individual's thought in his or her conscious mind. He was the first person who is responsible for giving the term and often considered as the father of American psychology.
A statement like "I believe that consciousness should be studied to help us understand the adaptive and practical functions of human behavior" is most likely to have been made by someone studying or interested in Biology.
Explanation:A statement like "I believe that consciousness should be studied to help us understand the adaptive and practical functions of human behavior" is most likely to have been made by someone studying or interested in Biology. Consciousness refers to a state of awareness, which is a complex phenomenon that can be investigated from a biological perspective. In Biology, the study of consciousness can provide insights into how the brain and nervous system contribute to human behavior and adaptation.
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According to Gramsci, rulers who provide some genuine benefits to their subjects, spread an ideology that justifies their rule, and nevertheless succeed in protecting their privileges are exercising : A. hegemony B. free agency
Answer:
The answer is "Option A".
Explanation:
Hegemony is a condition, that requires a basic class in a society, which is based on the natural view of the organic ideology to be regulated in political, financial, and intellectual matters.
The right of identity-contained people to follow their desires above all and pressure themselves for dominance is known as free agency, that's why option A is correct.
The high infant mortality rate in the United States compared with rates in other affluent countries is largely attributed to ______.
Answer: Lack of adequate health care.
Explanation: lack of access to
affordable, quality and adequate health care has resulted in the high infant mortality rate in the U.S as compared to other affluent country.
Many people around the age of 40 experience a "midlife crisis," in which they look at what they have accomplished, wonder if they are on the right track, and often decide to make some changes. What is the basis for this feeling of personal crisis?
a. social clockb. life expectancyc. age graded. development tier
Answer: simple - a
Explanation:
The correct answer is letter A
The social clock is a set of norms or cultural expectations for the moments in life when certain important events must occur. However, the typical timing of events varies from culture to culture and from one generation to the next.
A sociologist studies children at a day care center. She must get approval from an ethics board because children are a ________ population.
Answer: Protected
Explanation:
Protected population is group of people who are protected through various measures of regulation in special way in terms of sociology.This population is considered as vulnerable and thus it is critical situation to include this category in research process as they can be forced for research benefit.This process consist of children, pregnant women ,prisoners etc.
According to the question, for including children in sociological research , sociologist must taker permission from ethic board department as children are considered under protected population.
Children are considered a vulnerable population, requiring special ethical approval in sociological research. The population in the research study example is all members of a local, professional women's club.
Explanation:A sociologist studies children at a day care center and must get approval from an ethics board because children are considered a vulnerable population. Ethical approval is crucial in research because it ensures the safety and informed consent of participants—especially important with vulnerable populations like children, who may not have the capacity to consent or protect their own interests. When referring to the study mentioned where a sociologist wants to know the opinions of employed adult women about government funding for day care, the population in this study is all the members of the local business and professional women's club, which is the larger group from which the sample of 100 women who received questionnaires is drawn.
One of Robert Merton's most significant contributions to sociology was the attempt to merge the micro-level and macro-level approaches to the study of society.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
The statement is TRUE
Jane analyzed the results of her study and found that the probability of getting such findings by chance was less than 1 in 100. Jane can say that her results are statistically
Answer:
Statistically significant
Explanation:
Jane analyzed the results of her study and found that the probability of getting such findings by chance was less than 1 in 100. Jane can say that her results are statistically significant.
In research analysis, probability values for significance is usually pegged at 0.05, meaning that the probability of getting such finding by chance is 5 in 100. Thus any level lower than that, such as Jane's finding of less than 1 in 100 (< 0.01) is regarded as very significant.
Which amendment prohibits federal and state courts and federal administrative agencies from hearing cases in which a private party names a state as a defendant without the state's consent?
Answer: The 11th ammendment.
Explanation: The 11th ammendment states that "the judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States, by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State."
Which of the following is not included in GDP? A. unpaid cleaning and maintenance of houses B. the estimated rental value of owner-occupied housing C. production of foreign citizens living in your country D. services such as those provided by lawyers and hair stylists
Answer:
The correct answer is:
A. unpaid cleaning and maintenance of houses
Explanation:
The Gross Domestic Product is the variable that calculates the economic activity in a country including all commercial and productive activity involving goods and services in a determined period of time.
In the options above the unpaid services cannot be included in the Gross Domestic Product since they have not been effective yet.
The choices people make are determined by ______________, information processing involving the ability to strategically choose among and sort out different stimuli in the environment.
Answer: Attention
Explanation:
According to the given question, the attention is one of the type of cognitive and the behavioral process in which the people are more concerned about choosing the different types of strategies and also trying to sort different types of stimuli in environment.
It is one of the type of information aspect that has ability for choosing the strategically element in the information processing.
The attention is one of the ability that focuses on the different types of selected stimuli and also refers to concentration ability.
Therefore, Attention is the correct answer.
The choices people make are influenced by the process of selecting information based on the salience of stimuli and expectations, which is then organized and interpreted using mental structures called schemata.
The choices people make are determined by selecting information, which is a process of information processing involving the ability to strategically choose among and sort out different stimuli in the environment. This process is part of how we perceive the world and is made up of the steps of selecting, organizing, and interpreting information. During the selecting stage, we focus our attention on certain incoming sensory information. We use our senses to take in information, but given the massive amounts of stimuli, our brain cannot process everything. Instead, we select information based on factors such as salience, which includes how visually or aurally stimulating something is and whether it meets our needs or interests. Expectations also play a role in this process. Once information is selected, we organize it into patterns and interpret it using schemata, which are mental structures that allow us to give meaning to the information based on accumulated knowledge and experience.
We make decisions using two distinct modes of information processing: the conscious mode, where we analyze and weigh different factors, and the unconscious mode, where our brain processes several factors in parallel, leading us to a gut decision without our awareness of each individual factor. The ability to effectively filter, organize, and interpret sensory information is crucial to our cognitive function and communication.
Sociology is defined as the __________ study of human society and social behavior from large scale institutions and mass culture to small groups and individual interactions.
Answer:
Scientific or systemic
Explanation:
Sociology is defined as the scientific or systemic study of human society and social behavior from large scale institutions and mass culture to small groups and individual interactions, it is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior.
Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher’s Union rallies undesirable, because they force political change?
Answer:
The Functionalist Sociological Perspective would consider this type of activism undesirable.
Explanation:
Functionalist Perspective identifies social elements as either functional, which contribute to the stability of society, or dysfunctional, which disrupt social stability. Because this type of activism desires change through force, it will be identified as dysfunctional, hence undesirable by the functionalist perspective.
The Functionalist Perspective in sociology would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher’s Union rallies as undesirable because they disrupt societal stability and order by forcing political change. Conflict Perspective, however, would see this type of activism as a necessary tool for social change. The Interactionist Perspective would focus on the individual interactions within these movements.
Explanation:The sociological perspective that views activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher’s Union rallies as undesirable is the Functionalist Perspective. From the Functionalist view, these activities are seen as disruptions of the societal status quo and lead to dysfunction, as they force political change. According to functionalists, disruptions such as these could lead to issues that society may have to compensate for as they prefer a consensus and orderly society.
However, from the Conflict Perspective, activism is seen as a necessary catalyst for social change, especially to check and balance the interests of the powerful and to address societal inequality. For instance, the Occupy Wall Street movement aimed to challenge the economic inequality and corporate influence on democracy.
The Interactionist Perspective focuses more on individual interactions and the grassroots development of these movements, and how individuals interpret these social actions and their symbols.
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