Write equations showing how each of the following weak bases ionizes water to form OH-.

a.) CO3^2-. Express your answer as a chemical equation.
b.) C6H5NH2. Express your answer as a chemical equation.
c.) C2H5NH2. Express your answer as a chemical equation.

Answer:

(D) Na₂SO₄•10H₂O (M = 286).

Explanation:

ΔTf = i.Kf.m,

Where, ΔTf is the depression in freezing point of water.

i is van't Hoff factor.

Kf is the molal depression constant.

m is the molality of the solute.

(A) CuSO₄•5H₂O:

CuSO₄ is dissociated to Cu⁺² and SO₄²⁻.

So, i = dissociated ions/no. of particles = 2/1 = 2.

(B) NiSO₄•6H₂O:

NiSO₄ is dissociated to Ni⁺² and SO₄²⁻.

So, i = dissociated ions/no. of particles = 2/1 = 2.

(C) MgSO₄•7H₂O:

MgSO₄ is dissociated to Mg⁺² and SO₄²⁻.

So, i = dissociated ions/no. of particles = 2/1 = 2.

(D) Na₂SO₄•10H₂O:

Na₂SO₄ is dissociated to 2 Na⁺ and SO₄²⁻.

So, i = dissociated ions/no. of particles = 3/1 = 3.

∴ The salt with the high (i) value is Na₂SO₄•10H₂O.

So, the highest ΔTf resulted by adding Na₂SO₄•10H₂O salt.

The molecule PF₅ cannot have a Lewis structure drawn without its central atom, phosphorus, violating the octet rule since it requires phosphorus to have ten electrons in its valence shell.

The Lewis structure that cannot be drawn without violating the octet rule for its central atom is that of PF₅ (phosphorus pentafluoride). Phosphorus in PF₅ forms five covalent bonds, which results in it having ten electrons in its valence shell instead of the usual eight, thus violating the octet rule.

This phenomenon is known as an expanded valence shell, which can occur for central atoms in the third row of the periodic table and beyond that can utilize empty d orbitals for bonding. Other molecules such as PCl₃, SO₃, CCl₄, and CO₂ do not violate the octet rule in their preferred Lewis structures.

PF₅ is an example of a molecule that demonstrates the third violation of the octet rule - compounds with more than eight electrons assigned to their valence shell. These expanded valence shell molecules are formed by central atoms with access to empty d orbitals, allowing them to accommodate more than eight valence electrons. PF5, with phosphorus as the central atom, is able to hold extra electrons using its d orbitals.

Im not sure what it is but i will try      

BaCl₂(aq) + Na₂SO₄(aq) = BaSO₄(s) + 2NaCl(aq)

Ba²⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq) + 2Na⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq) = BaSO₄(s) + 2Na⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq)

Ba²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq)= BaSO₄(s)

The ionic reaction is

Ba2+ + 2 Br- + 2 Na+  + SO42----->   2 Na+ + 2Br- + BaSO4.

Na+ and Br- are on both sides of the equation so they are spectator ions.

The answer is A Br- (aq).

= 1.23 moles

V1/n1 = V2/n2

V1 = 55 L, n1 =2.46 moles

1/2 of the gas was used and thus; 1/2 or 27.5 L remained.

Therefore;

55 L/2.46 moles = 27.5 L/ n2

n2 = (2.46 × 27.5)/55

    = 1.23 moles

The number of moles if 1/2 of the gas is used is mathematically given as

n2= 1.23 moles

Question Parameter(s):

a propane tank containing 55l

has 2.46 moles of the gas C3 is propane

Generally, the equation for the volume  is mathematically given as

V1/n1 = V2/n2

Therefore

55 L/2.46  = 27.5 L/ n2

n2 = (2.46 * 27.5)/55

n2= 1.23 moles

In conclusion, the number of moles

n2= 1.23 moles

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Answer:

D

Explanation:

Volcanic eruptions spew large amounts of dust particles from their surroundings into the atmosphere. Accompanying eruptions are also materials like volcanic ash and gases. These gases contribute immensely to the reserve of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Gases in volcanoes are responsible to a large extent for their explosivity when an eruption occurs. The more the gases, the more explosive a volcano can be. These gases are rich in carbon dioxide, methane, etc. A vast number of them are greenhouse gases.

Dust particles also accompany an eruption. These dust can be suspended for an extended period in the atmosphere by the wind.

the best choice is the letter D. Volcanic eruptions add green house gases and  fine dust particles to the atmosphere.

i toke the quiz on gradpoint and the answer was correct

The equation is:

3AgS2 +  4Al  ---> 2Al2S3 + 3Ag

Answer: The balanced chemical equation is written below.

Explanation:

Single displacement reaction is defined as the reaction in which more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its chemical reaction.

The reactivity of metal is determined by a series known as reactivity series. The metals lying above in the series are more reactive than the metals which lie below in the series.

[tex]A+BC\rightarrow AC+B[/tex]

The chemical equation for the reaction of silver sulfide with aluminium follows:

[tex]3Ag_2S+2Al\rightarrow 6Ag+Al_2S_3[/tex]

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

3 moles of silver sulfide reacts with 2 moles of aluminium metal to produce 6 moles of silver metal and 1 mole of aluminium sulfide

Hence, the balanced chemical equation is written above.

Answer:

Question 1: 1) Increasing the pressure          C) Shift to the right

                   2) Removing hydrogen gas        A) Shift to the left  

                   3) Adding a catalyst                     B) No effect

Question 2: This reaction is exothermic because the system shifted to the right on cooling.

Question 3: Shift it toward the reactants.

Question 4: Adding more of gas C to the system.

Question 5: It will shift toward the reactant side because the reactant side has one more mole of gas than the product side.

Question 6: True.

Question 7: there is no suitable choice is provided.

We can shift the equilibrium toward the right via:

Increasing N2O3 concentration,

decreasing NO and/or NO2 concentration,

decreasing the pressure,

lowering the T (cooling the system).

Explanation:

Question 1: Match the action to the effect on the equilibrium position for the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g).

Match Term Definition

Removing ammonia A) No effect

Removing hydrogen gas B) Shift to the left

Adding a catalyst C) Shift to the right

1) Increasing the pressure:

so, the right match is: C) Shift to the right.

2) Removing hydrogen gas:

so, the right match is: A) Shift to the left.

3) Adding a catalyst:

so, the right match is: B) No effect.

Question 2: Nitrogen dioxide gas is dark brown in color and remains in equilibrium with dinitrogen tetroxide gas, which is colorless.

2NO2(g) ⇌ N2O4(g)

When the light brown color equilibrium mixture was moved from room temperature to a lower temperature, the mixture turned lighter brown in color. Which of the following conclusions about this equilibrium mixture is true?

So, the right choice is: This reaction is exothermic because the system shifted to the right on cooling.

Question 3: According to Le Châtelier's principle, how will a decrease in concentration of a reactant affect the equilibrium system?

So, the right choice is: Shift it toward the reactants.

Note: The answer of Q 4, 5, 6 & 7 and all answers are in the attached word file.

These questions are based on Le Châtelier's principle and relate to the effects of changes in concentration, temperature, and pressure on chemical equilibrums. The reaction will always try to offset the disturbance by shifting towards the side that will help restore equilibrium.

The answers are based on Le Châtelier's principle, which states that equilibrium in a system will adjust to offset any changes made.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

Autotrophs utilize the energy from  sunlight to reduce carbon dioxide to carbohydrates (glucose). The energy from the sunlight is used to split water into H+ and O2- and the H+ used in the reduction process. The labeled carbon in the carbon dioxide will, therefore, be incorporated by the autotrophs in the carbohydrates made in photosynthesis.  

Answer:

1038.96 kPa

Explanation:

We’ll use the ideal gas law; P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

P1*14.8/75.5 = 101.3*16.5/70.2

P1 = (101.3 * 16.5 * 75.5) / (70.2 *14.8)

P1 = 1038.96

Plants and animals RE a carbon source during respiration. they take in Oxygen and give out Carbon (IV) oxide as a by product.  Combustion of fossil fuels is also source of carbon (IV) Oxide.

Formation of fossils from dead plants and animals is a carbon sink. photosynthesis is also a carbon sink as plants take in carbon (IV) Oxide that is used to make food.

Answer: According to the given diagram.

Atmosphere- source

Factories, power stations and vehicle emissions- source

Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)- source

Plants- sinks

Animals- source

Explanation:

According to the given diagram.

Atmosphere- source

The atmosphere is the mass of different gases. The carbon dioxide is the gas which is also present in the atmosphere. The atmosphere is the source of carbon dioxide.

Factories, power stations and vehicle emissions- source

The factories, power stations and vehicle emissions emit the carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere as they use the fossil fuel as a source of thermal energy.

Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)- source

When the fossil fuel burns they emit immense amounts of gases such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxides in the atmosphere. Hence, they are the source of carbon.

Plants- sinks

Plants require carbon dioxide as reactant for the purpose of photosynthesis. Therefore, they absorb the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Hence, they called as carbon sinks.

Animals- source

The animals release carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which is a byproduct of the process of respiration.

The rate of disappearance of the ClO₃⁻ ion is equal to 9.01 ×10⁻³ M/s.

The rate of reaction can be defined as the speed at which the products are produced or the reactants are consumed in a chemical reaction. The rate provides information about the time frame under which a reaction can be completed.

The rate of reaction can be described as the speed of a chemical reaction at which reactants are converted into products. Some reactions are instantaneous, while some take a little longer to reach the final equilibrium.

Given the chemical reaction is:

[tex]ClO_3^-(aq) + 9I^- (aq)+ 6 H^+ (aq) \longrightarrow 3I^{-3} (aq) + Cl^-(aq) + 3H_2O[/tex]

The initial rate of disappearance of I⁻ ion = 81.1 ×10⁻³ M/s.

The rate of disappearance of iodide ion is given by:

[tex]-\frac{D[I^-]}{Dt} =81.1\times 10^{-3}[/tex]

The relation between the rate of disappearance of I⁻ and ClO₃⁻ ion:

[tex]-\frac{D[ClO_3^-]}{Dt} =-\frac{1}{9} \frac{D[I^-]}{Dt}[/tex]

[tex]-\frac{D[ClO_3^-]}{Dt} =-\frac{1}{9} \times 81.1 \times 10^{-3}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{D[ClO_3^-]}{Dt} = 9.01 \times 10^{-3}M/s[/tex]

Therefore, the rate of the disappearance of ClO₃⁻ ion is equal to 9.01 ×10⁻³ M/s when the initial rate of disappearance of I⁻ is  81.1 ×10⁻³ M/s.

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Answer:

This is a form of peer review

Explanation:

This is used to validate the work of the other scientists and add veracity to findings or question the findings. This peer review is used to improve the quality of research in science. Peer-reviewed articles provide a trusted form of scientific communication.

Answer:

Reproducibility

Explanation:

Reproducibility or replication means that the results of scientific studies can be exactly obtained by other scientists working independently but following the same procedure as described in a previous scientific study.

Scientific research is generally expected to be utterly reproducible in all ramifications.

However, due to insufficient information regarding research methodologies,bias in reportage of research findings and poor experimental design, some scientific studies may not be readily reproducible.

5e earth holds many answers to things we don’t know about.

Scientists study the natural world to find solutions to human problems as the earth has different ecosystems which can provide various natural resources as solutions to the problems of humans.

Ecosystem is defined as a system which consists of all living organisms and the physical components with which the living beings interact. The abiotic and biotic components are linked to each other through nutrient cycles and flow of energy.

Energy enters the system through the process of photosynthesis .Animals play an important role in transfer of energy as they feed on each other.As a result of this transfer of matter and energy takes place through the system .Living organisms also influence the quantity of biomass present.By decomposition of dead plants and animals by microbes nutrients are released back in to the soil.

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The number of valence electrons influences whether an atom will gain or lose electrons during compound formation, following the octet rule. Metals typically lose electrons to form cations, while nonmetals gain electrons to form anions. This behavior underpins the formation of ionic and covalent bonds.

The number of valence electrons in an atom is fundamentally related to its tendency to gain or lose electrons during compound formation, adhering to the octet rule. Atoms seek to complete their outermost electron shell, typically aiming to have eight electrons in this valence shell for stability, mirroring the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas. Metals often lose electrons to form positively charged ions (cations), while nonmetals tend to gain electrons, forming negatively charged ions (anions). This transfer and sharing of electrons give rise to different types of chemical bonds, primarily ionic and covalent, which are pivotal in the formation of compounds. The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in ionic bonding, and the sharing of electrons in covalent bonding, exemplify the underlying principles driving atoms to gain or lose electrons for compound formation.

a catabolic pathway. Cellular respiration is a catabolic pathway.  

1) moles = mass/mR

CaCO3 Mr = 40 + 12 + (16×3)

= 52 + 48

= 100

mass = 15

so the moles would be 15 ÷ 100

which is 0.15 moles of CaCO3

2) moles = mass ÷ Mr

Mr of Al2O3 = 27 + (16×3)

= 27 + 48

= 75

mass = 204

so the moles would be 204/75 which is 2.72 moles of Al2O3

There are 0.15 moles in 15 grams of CaCO₃ and 2 moles in 204 grams of Al₂O₃.

To determine the number of moles in a given mass of a substance, you can use the formula:

 moles = mass (grams) / molar mass (g/mol)

We know the molar mass of CaCO₃ is 100 g/mol

(Ca: 40.0, C: 12.0, O: 16.0 × 3).

Given mass of CaCO₃ is 15 grams.

Apply the formula: moles = 15 g / 100 g/mol

                                           = 0.15 moles

We calculate the molar mass of Al₂O₃:

 Al: 27.0 × 2 = 54.0

O: 16.0 × 3 = 48.0

Total molar mass of Al₂O₃ = 54.0 + 48.0 = 102 g/mol

Given mass of Al₂O₃ is 204 grams.

Apply the formula: moles = 204 g / 102 g/mol = 2 moles

Complete question.

How many moles are there in :

Answer:

Explanation:

The percent ionization of a weak acid is the percent of the original acid that ionizes.

You may calculate the percent ionization of an acid of known concentration, from the equilibrium constant.

So, to determine the percent ionization of a 0.215 M solution of benzoic acid, you must look for the equilibrium (dissociation or ionization) constant.

Equilibrium constants depend on temperature. So, you must know the temperature.

For this question, I will assume 25°C, for which you can find that the dissociation constant, Ka, for benzoic acid is 6.25×10⁻⁵.

With that, you follow these steps:

1. Write the ionization equation:

2. Calculate the concentration of the ion C₆H₅CO₂⁻ at equilibrium

                    C₆H₅CO₂H ⇄ C₆H₅CO₂⁻ + H⁺

       I           0.215                  0              0

      C            - x                   + x           + x

      E          0.215 - x              x              x

        Ka = x² / 0.215 - x =  6.25×10⁻⁵

           x² = 0.215 × 6.25×10⁻⁵ = 0.0000078125

           x = 0.00367 M

           If you do not make the assumption but solve the quadratic equation you will get x = 0.00363 M

3. Calculate the percent ionization:

With x = 0.00363 M (exact calculation)

With x = 0.00367 M

The percentage ionization is equal to 1.74%

Data;

                [tex]HC_7H_5O_2 + H_2O \to C_7H_5O_2^- + H_3O^+\\[/tex]

initial           0.215           -             -                -

change        -x                               +x             +x

equilibrium   0.215 - x                    x                x

The equilibrium concentration of the acid

[tex]K_a = \frac{[C_7H_5O_2^-][H_3O^+}{[HC_7H_5O_2]}[/tex]

Let's substitute the value in this

[tex]K_a = \frac{x.x}{0.215-x}\\ K_a = \frac{x^2}{0.215-x} \\[/tex]

The Ka for benzoic acid is 6.5*10^-5

[tex]6.5*10^-^5 = \frac{x^2}{0.215 - x} \\[/tex]

since the value of Ka is very small.

0.215 - x = 0.215

[tex]x^2 = 6.5*10^-^5 * 0.215\\x = \sqrt{1.3975*10^-^5} \\x = 3.738*10^-^3[/tex]

[tex][H_3O^+] = x = 3.738*10^-^3[/tex]

The percentage ionization would be

[tex]\frac{[H_3O^+}{[HC_7H_5O_7]} * 100= \frac{3.738*10^10^-^3}{0.215} * 100 = 1.74 \%[/tex]

The percentage ionization is equal to 1.74%

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Hi,

Gases are most soluble in water under high pressure and low pressure.

About 234 grams .nA 2M NaCl solution contains approximately 58.5g of salt. So to make two liters of a 2M solutions you would need 117g of salt dissolved in 2 liters of water.

The increase in temperature when solid X is added to solution Y indicates an exothermic reaction, and the further increase with additional solid could be due to supersaturation, the disturbance of equilibrium, and additional exothermic reactions.

When solid X is added to solution Y and the temperature rises, this indicates an exothermic reaction, or a reaction that releases heat. The solubility of the solid in the solution may also be temperature-dependent, potentially leading to a supersaturated solution if the temperature is cooled after the solute is added. This supersaturated solution is relatively stable, but adding more solid or initiating other forms of agitation can disturb this equilibrium and trigger further reactions, potentially causing additional temperature changes. Note that this behavior is similar to certain hand warmer mechanisms that take advantage of such exothermic reactions and solubility behaviors to generate heat.

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D. The higher the temperature the more the atoms are shifting and shaking around

Answer:  [tex]65.4^0C[/tex]

Explanation:

Average kinetic energy is defined as the average of the kinetic energies of all the particles present in a system. It is determined by the equation:

[tex]K=\frac{3RT}{2}[/tex]

R= gas constant

T= temperature in kelvin

From above, it is visible that kinetic energy is directly related to the temperature of the system. So, if temperature is more, average kinetic energy of the system is more and vice-versa.

a. [tex]18^0C=18+273=291K[/tex]

b. [tex]20.4^0C=20.4+273=293.4K[/tex]

c. [tex]36.2^0C=36.2+273=309.2K[/tex]

d. [tex]65.4^0C=65.4+273=338.4K[/tex]

Thus substance at [tex]65.4^0C[/tex] will have greatest kinetic energy.

A scientist hunting for an ancestor of a modern badger species from the Pleistocene epoch should search for fossils in geologic deposits known to be from that period, usually found within sedimentary rocks. Using dating techniques like radiometric dating, the age of these fossils can be determined. Despite the gaps in the fossil record, new discoveries and advanced technologies aid in understanding the evolution of species.

In order to find a fossil of an ancestor of the modern badger species from the Pleistocene geologic epoch, the scientist should look for fossil deposits associated with the Pleistocene era. The Pleistocene epoch, ranging from about 2.6 million to 11,700 years ago, was the most recent epoch of the Ice Age. During this time, many large, cold-adapted mammals thrived. Finding a fossil includes factors such as the location, type of rock sediments and the dating technique used.

Fossils can often be found within sedimentary rocks. To locate these fossils, the scientist will typically focus on regions known for their easily eroded rocks, such as river valleys or cliffs, and drill core samples to search for fossils. Dating techniques, such as radiometric dating and relative dating, can help pinpoint the age of the fossils to the Pleistocene era.

While the fossil record is incomplete, the constant endeavor of paleontologists, archaeologists, and other scientists continues to fill in gaps with every new discovery. They use a range of methodologies including stratigraphic correlation and paleomagnetic studies to locate and accurately date fossils, shedding light on the evolution and ancestry of species like the badger.

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To find an ancestor from the Pleistocene epoch, the scientist should look in a layer of rock below the Holocene layer where the modern badger fossil was found. Lower layers are older due to being buried for a longer time. The correct answer is A.

The correct answer is A. in a layer of rock below the badger fossil, since lower layers are usually older.

Fossils found at the lowest layer of rock would be the oldest, as these would have been buried for the longest time, whereas fossils found closer to the surface would be buried more recently and therefore be younger. The Pleistocene epoch predates the Holocene epoch, so earlier ancestors likely lived during that time and would be found in lower geological layers.

In summary, if the scientist wanted to locate an ancestor from the Pleistocene epoch, she should look in lower layers of sedimentary rock beneath the Holocene layer where the modern badger fossil was found.

Complete question :-

A scientist found the fossilized remains of a modern badger species in a new layer of sedimentary rock. The fossil was dated to the Holocene geologic epoch. If the scientist wanted to find an ancestor of this species from the Pleistocene geologic epoch, where should she look?

A. in a layer of rock below the badger fossil, since lower layers are usually older

B. in a layer of rock known to be from the Eocene geologic epoch that is at another location

C. in a layer of rock above the badger fossil, since younger layers are usually higher

D. in the same layer of rock in which the badger fossil was found, since related organisms are usually together

The ionization process that requires the most energy is process d (p3+ → p4+ + e-), as it involves the removal of an electron from an already very positively charged ion. The more positively charged an ion, the more energy is needed to remove another electron due to the increased attraction between the positively charged nucleus and the electrons.

The process of ionization involves the removal of one or more electrons from an atom or a positive ion. Based on the increasing positive charge, the process that would require the most energy is:d. p3+(g) → p4+(g) + e-

This is due to the concept of ionic radius and effective nuclear charge. As we continue to remove electrons, the atom/ion becomes smaller in size and the positive charge on the nucleus becomes more direct on the remaining electrons which makes it harder to remove the next electron.

Therefore, the more positively charged the ion is already, the more energy is required to remove another electron due to the increased attraction of the positive charge of the nucleus for the negatively charged electrons. Thus, option d would require the most energy as it involves the transformation of a very positively charged ion (p3+) to an even more positively charged ion (p4+), by removal of an electron.

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Final answer:

Option d, [tex]p3+(g) - p4+(g) + e?[/tex] which is the process of removing an electron from a triply positive ion to form a quadriply positive ion, requires the most energy.

Explanation:

The ionization process that requires the most energy is the one in which an electron is removed from an ion already possessing a high positive charge. As we know from chemistry, the ionization energy increases for successive electrons that are removed. This is because each removed electron results in a cation that is more positively charged, thus increasing the electrostatic attraction between the remaining electrons and the nucleus and making it harder to remove another electron.

Therefore, amongst the options provided, [tex]p3+(g) - p4+(g) + e-[/tex] (option d) is the process that requires the most energy. This corresponds to the fourth ionization energy which involves removing an electron from a triply positived ion to form a quadriply positive ion. The higher positive charge on the ion makes the removal of an additional electron require more energy than the removal from ions with a lower positive charge or from a neutral atom.

H₂S donates a proton, therefore it is a Brønsted-Lowry base and  CH₃NH₂ accepts a proton, so it’s a Brønsted-Lowry base.

In the Brønsted–Lowry definition of acids and bases, an acid is a proton (H⁺) donor, and a base is a proton acceptor.

When a Brønsted–Lowry acid loses a proton, a conjugate base is formed. Similarly, when a Brønsted–Lowry base gains a proton, a conjugate acid is formed.

Given reaction ;

H₂S(aq)+CH₃NH₂(aq)⇋HS⁻(aq)+CH₃NH⁺³(aq)

In the above reaction, H₂S donates a proton, therefore it is a Brønsted-Lowry base and  CH₃NH₂ accepts a proton, so it’s a Brønsted-Lowry base.

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Applied chemistry is key in making ice cream, particularly through managing the crystallization process and emulsion stability. Adjusting the mixture with substances like glucose or corn syrup helps maintain a smooth texture by preventing large ice crystals. Hydrocolloid stabilizers are used to improve emulsion stability, ensuring a creamy consistency.

Applied chemistry plays a crucial role in making ice cream, a process filled with fascinating chemical reactions and principles. Making ice cream involves understanding the behavior of mixtures, the crystallization process, and the effects of temperature changes. Particularly, the process of crystallization is central to achieving the smooth texture of ice cream. As the ice cream mixture cools, small ice crystals form. To ensure these crystals remain small, preventing coarse texture, substances like glucose or corn syrup can be added as interferents. These substances disrupt the crystallization of water and fats, maintaining a smooth texture.

In addition to crystallization, emulsion stability is also crucial. The ice cream mix is an emulsion of fat in water, and maintaining this emulsion is key to preventing separation and ensuring a creamy consistency. Hydrocolloid stabilizers, such as locust bean gum, are often added to improve this stability. Therefore, applied chemistry in ice cream making involves manipulating the properties and interactions of ingredients to achieve the desired texture, appearance, and taste of the final product.

Answer: 1.30

Explanation:

pH or pOH is the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.

pH is calculated by taking negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration.

[tex]pH=-\log [H^+][/tex]

[tex]pH+pOH=14[/tex]

Given: 0.050 M [tex]HNO_3[/tex]

[tex]HNO_3\rightarrow H^++NO_3^-[/tex]

Concentration of [tex]H^+[/tex] = 0.050 M

[tex]pH=-log[0.050M][/tex]

[tex]pH=1.30[/tex]

Thus pH of 0.050 M of [tex]HNO_3[/tex] is 1.30.

Answer:

1.30 is the pH balance

Explanation:

1-b

2-c

3-a

4-d

5-d

6-b

7-a