A scientist observed a 5-mL sample of an unknown substance. It is a blue liquid with a density of 1.2 g/cm. the substance reacts with carbon dioxide. Lust each of the properties the scientist observed and whether it is a characteristic property of matter.
The scientist observed a blue liquid with a density of 1.2 g/cm³ that reacts with carbon dioxide. The blue color and reaction with carbon dioxide are characteristic properties of the substance, but density is not.
Explanation:The properties observed by the scientist are:
Blue color Density of 1.2 g/cm³ Reaction with carbon dioxide
The blue color and reaction with carbon dioxide are characteristic properties of the unknown substance.
However, density is not a characteristic property, as different substances can have the same density.
Name the type of reaction and give the coefficients needed to balance the following skeleton reaction: ___Mg + ___Fe2O3 → ___Fe + ___MgO
Mg + Fe2O3→ Fe +mgO
The coefficients needed to balance the reaction above is 3, 1,2,3
the reaction is a single replacement reaction/ single displacement reaction
The balanced equation is is therefore
= 3Mg + Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3MgO
The equation above is balanced since it obey the law of mass conservation. that is the number of atom in side of reactant is equal to number of atoms in product side.for example there is 3 atoms of Mg in reactant side and 3 atoms of Mg in product side.The reaction is a single replacement reaction because Mg replaces Fe from its compound.
The given reaction is a redox reaction known as a single displacement or single replacement reaction. The coefficients needed to balance the equation are as follows:
2Mg + Fe₂O₃ → 2Fe + 3MgO
A single displacement reaction, also known as a single replacement reaction, is a type of chemical reaction in which an element or ion in a compound is replaced by another element. In this reaction, one element is displaced from its compound and takes the place of another element, resulting in the formation of a new compound. The general format of a single displacement reaction can be represented as:
A + BC → AC + B
Where A is the element that displaces B from the compound BC, leading to the formation of the new compound AC. This type of reaction is often observed in reactions involving metals and their salts, where a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution. The reactivity of the elements involved determines the feasibility and outcome of the reaction.
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Why does naphthalene have a higher melting point than biphenyl?
Naphthalene has a higher melting point than biphenyl because naphthalene is a polar compound while biphenyl is a non-polar compound. Studies show that polar compounds have higher melting and boiling points than nonpolar compounds. It is because polar compounds have strong intermolecular forces.
Final answer:
Naphthalene has a higher melting point than biphenyl due to its compact structure with fused benzene rings, resulting in greater π-electron delocalization and stronger intermolecular forces. The fulfillment of Hückel's rule with its 10 π electrons also contributes to naphthalene's stability and higher melting point.
Explanation:
Naphthalene has a higher melting point than biphenyl because of its structural differences and the stronger intermolecular forces that result from these differences. Naphthalene is composed of two fused benzene rings, which means it has a more compact structure and a greater degree of π-electron delocalization than biphenyl, which consists of two benzene rings connected by a single bond.
The π-electron delocalization in naphthalene contributes to a greater stability and a higher degree of symmetry than biphenyl, which in turn leads to stronger intermolecular forces, namely London dispersion forces. Furthermore, naphthalene fulfills Hückel's rule with its 10 π electrons, which provides additional stability due to the filled bonding molecular orbitals. These factors result in a higher energy requirement to overcome the intermolecular forces in naphthalene, thereby giving it a higher melting point compared to biphenyl.
some studies has shown that peppermint odor increase people's mental sharpness especially when they solve math problems which best describes how this could be a valid scientific claim
Answer:
If it is tested in a controlled setting with repeated results.
Explanation:
Hello,
Every scientific foundation is preceded by a series of repetitive tests which allow the scientists to state both reliable and trustful conclusions. In such a way, by repeating the aforesaid test, the conclusion is strengthened, nevertheless, those tests must be carried out in a controlled manner in order to assure that the proposed conclusion is suitable under the specified conditions for scientific claims.
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Describe the difference between a polar and a nonpolar covalent bond. give and explain an example of each type of bond.
How many atoms are in 5g of Fe2O3
How many hydrogen atoms are in 8.90 mol of ammonium sulfide?
The number of hydrogen atoms in 8.90 mol of ammonium sulfide is 4.28×10²⁵ atoms.
What is Avogadro's constant?This is referred to as a proportionality factor which tells us about the number of constituent particles in a sample. The constant is 6.02ₓ 10²³.
Ammonium sulfide which is denoted as (NH4)₂S has 2 nitrogen, 8 hydrogen and 2 sulfur atoms present.
We were told that the amount of ammonium sulfide is 8.90mol.
Number of hydrogen atoms = 8/1 × 8.9 mol= 71.2 moles of H₂.
The number of Hydrogen atoms in 8.90 mol of ammonium sulfide is 71.2 moles ˣ 6.02ˣ 10²³ = 4.28 ˣ10²⁵ atoms.
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Assuming all orbitals are in the same energy level which type of orbital has the lowest energy
Answer:
s atomic orbital
Explanation:
Lets us consider 4s, 4p, 4d and 4f. Here 4 is the energy level or the principal quantum number. For all the atomic orbital s, p, d and f the energy level is the same. But the energy level of each
Atomic orbital is different. s atomic orbital has the lowest energy followed by p, d and f.
Arranging the atomic orbitals in order of increasing energy:
s < p < d < f
Explain why it is not possible to draw a skeletal structure for methane.
Since its structure is depicted by dots, which cannot describe it,
Tetrahedral molecules like methane have four comparable C-H bonds.
Methane's chemical makeup:An organic compound's skeletal structure is made up of a group of atoms that are joined together to form the compound's fundamental structure. Chains, branches, and/or rings of bound atoms can make up the skeleton. Heteroatoms are skeletal atoms that are not carbon or hydrogen.
How can we know that methane has four spheres?
We start with what we already know: the geometry of the methane molecule has the carbon at the center and the four C-H bonds pointing towards the corners. In methane, the carbon atoms form four bonds, one to each of the four hydrogen atoms.
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Consider an ideal gas with a volume of V1. To what volume would you need to compress the gas to double its pressure? Express your answer in terms of V1.
Answer: The final volume should be [tex]\frac{V_1}{2}[/tex]
Explanation:
To calculate the new pressure, we use the equation given by Boyle's law. This law states that pressure is directly proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature.
The equation given by this law is:
[tex]P_1V_1=P_2V_2[/tex]
where,
[tex]P_1[/tex] = initial pressure of gas= P atm
[tex]V_1[/tex] = initial volume of gas = [tex]V_1[/tex]
[tex]P_2[/tex] = final pressure of gas= 2P
[tex]V_2[/tex] = final volume of gas = ?
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]P\times V_1=2P\times V_2[/tex]
[tex]V_2=\frac{V_1}{2}[/tex]
Thus the final volume should be [tex]\frac{V_1}{2}[/tex]
Scientists measure the time between the arrival of an earthquake's _______ and _______ waves to help determine the distance between the recording seismograph and the earthquake epicenter.
a nuclear reaction energy is released by combinations of two elements into new element group process
In the disproportionation reaction CI2 + H2Omc021-1.jpgHCIO + HCI, what describes the oxidation states of the substance Cl?
Cl has an oxidation number of 2 in Cl2. It is then reduced to Cl with an oxidation number of 1 in both HCl and HClO.
Cl has an oxidation number of –1 in Cl2. It is then oxidized to Cl with an oxidation number of 1 in both HCl and HClO.
Cl has an oxidation number of 0 in Cl2. It is then reduced to CI- with an oxidation number of –1 in both HCl and HClO.
Cl has an oxidation number of 0 in Cl2. It is then reduced to CI- with an oxidation number of –1 in HCl and is oxidized to Cl+ with an oxidation number +1 in HClO
Answer:
in other words its D
Explanation:
Which of the following processes would you predict to have a positive value for º ? 2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g) P4O10(s) + 6H2O(l) → 4H3PO4(s) 2POCl3(g) → 2PCl3(g) + O2(g) 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l)
Answer:
[tex]2POCl_3(g) --> 2PCl_3(g) + O_2(g)[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
For the listed chemical reactions, one can predict the one which has a positive ΔS° is:
[tex]2POCl_3(g) --> 2PCl_3(g) + O_2(g)[/tex]
This is foreseen owing to the greater number of products (2) by contrast with the number of reagents (1). Moreover, for such reaction, there is a greater amount of moles at the products than at the reagents.
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symbol for aluminum foil ?
Final answer:
The symbol for aluminum foil is Al. It is a silvery-white, soft, nonmagnetic, and ductile metal.
Explanation:
The symbol for aluminum foil is Al. Aluminum is a chemical element with the symbol Al and atomic number 13. It is a silvery-white, soft, nonmagnetic, and ductile metal in the boron group. Aluminum foil is commonly used in packaging, cooking, and insulation.
Scientific theories are subject to change. true or false
Where are elements heavier than iron made
Elements heavier than iron are created during the violent explosion of a star known as a supernova. After the supernova, these elements are ejected into space and later form new stars and planets. Our presence on Earth, abundant in heavy elements, is a result of generations of stars synthesizing these elements.
Explanation:
Elements heavier than iron are made in the core of massive stars during the process of nucleosynthesis. However, when these stars exhaust their nuclear fuel, they die in an event known as a supernova. As the star explodes, its violent conditions lead to the creation of elements heavier than iron. The fusion of silicon into iron is the last step in nonexplosive element production inside a star. Beyond this point, due to iron's stability, fusion reactions end up absorbing energy instead of releasing it, leading to the star's collapse.
Most of these heavy elements are later ejected into space, enriching interstellar space with heavier elements. Over time, these elements are recycled to form new stars and planets, progressively leading to an increase in the proportion of heavier elements in the universe. Therefore, our presence on Earth, which is rich in heavy elements like silicon and iron, is due to generations of stars synthesizing these elements.
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Which of these molecules has the same number of shared electron pairs as unshared electron pairs? (a) hcl, (b) h2s, (c) pf3, (d) ccl2f2 (e) br2?
Let us check each molecule
a) HCl : the number of shared electron pairs is "one"
the number of unshared electron pairs is six [on chlorine]
b) H₂S : the number of shared electron pairs is "two" as there are two bonds of sulphur with two hydrogen atoms.
The number of valence electrons on sulphur are six, out of these two are involved in bonding and rest four are in the form of two unshared (lone pair) pair of electrons
So in H₂S it has the same number of shared electron pairs as unshared electron pairs
c) PF₃ : the shared pair of electrons are "three"
the number of unshared electron pairs is one on phosphorous.
d) CCl₂F₂ : there are total four shared pair of electrons on carbon and zero unshared electron pairs
e) Br₂ : only one shared electron pair and three unshared electron pairs
The molecule that has the same number of shared electron pairs as unshared electron pairs is H2S.
In a molecule, chemical bonds are formed when atoms share electrons. However, some atoms have unshared electron pairs on their valence shells. These unshared electron pairs are called lone pairs and are localized on one of the atoms in the bond.
In the molecule H2S. There are two lone pairs or unshared pairs on sulfur and there are two shared pairs of electrons in the molecule. Hence the molecule that has the same number of shared electron pairs as unshared electron pairs is H2S.
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When oxygen and aluminum form an ionic compound, what is the formula?
The correct answer is
D .al2O3
Explanation:
The offense in electronegativity is subject for the ionic bonds in aluminum and oxygen, Ionic bonds are created between cations and anions. A cation is formed when a metal ion spends a valence electron while an anion is produced when non-metal gains a valence electron. They both achieve a more stable electronic arrangement through this change.
When methane is burned with oxygen, the products are carbon dioxide and water. if you produce 9 grams of water and 11 grams of carbon dioxide from 16 grams of oxygen, how many grams of methane were needed for the reaction? 4 31 20 40 none of the above?
A stream of air (21 mole% o2, the rest n2) flowing at a rate of 10.0 kg/h is mixed with a stream of co2. the co2 enters the mixer at a rate of 20:0 m3/h at 150°c and 1.5 bar. what is the mole percent of co2 in the product stream?
To determine the mole percent of CO2 in a stream of mixed gases, one would first calculate the moles of each gas. The mole percent of CO2 in this case can be calculated as approximately 73%.
Explanation:The mole percent of CO2 in the product stream can be calculated by determining the number of mols of each gas and then using these values to calculate the mole fractions. First, we need to calculate the number of mols for air and CO2 separately.
Initial air is given as 10.0 kg/h, and it is composed of 21 moles% O2 and the rest is N2. Given that the molar mass of O2 is approximately 32 g/mol and N2 is approximately 28 g/mol, this gives us a total of approximately 0.289 moles of air per second. Next, the number of moles of CO2 entering the mixer can be calculated using the ideal gas law formula PV=nRT. Assuming standard pressure for this equation, we get approximately 0.784 moles of CO2 per second.
Finally, the mole percent of CO2 in the product could be calculated as the number of moles of CO2 divided by the total number of moles (number of moles of CO2 + number of moles of air) multiplied by 100. Plugging in the values gives us approximately 73% mole percent of CO2 in the product.
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Which olefin should predominate in the product of the dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol?
The predominant olefin formed in the dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol is 2-methylbutene.
Explanation:The predominant olefin formed in the dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol is 2-methylbutene. During the dehydration process, a water molecule is eliminated from 2-methyl-2-butanol, resulting in the formation of 2-methylbutene. This is the major product because it is the most stable and thermodynamically favored product.
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The olefin that would be predominate in the product of the dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol is 2-methyl-2-butene, also known as isobutene. The dehydration involves the removal of a hydrogen and a hydroxyl group, resulting in the formation of a double bond, creating the said olefin. The formation of isobutene is favored due to its relatively more stable structure.
Explanation:The olefin that should predominate in the product of the dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol is 2-methyl-2-butene, also known as isobutene. This reaction can produce either a cis-isomer or a trans-isomer.
The process of dehydration involves the removal of a hydrogen and a hydroxyl group (OH) from the 2-methyl-2-butanol molecule under the influence of a strong acid like sulfuric acid. This results in the formation of a double bond, creating the said olefin - 2-methyl-2-butene. The formation of isobutene is favored due to its relatively more stable structure, which is attributed to increased steric hindrance in the molecule.
Finally, it's worth noting that the overall intermolecular forces (IMFs), particularly hydrogen bonding, are important factors affecting the vapor pressure of the resultant olefin.
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Indicate which factors affect the rate of a reaction. select all that apply. temperature δs o keq δg o δh o ea concentration k catalysts
Solid lithium metal and diatomic nitrogen gas react spontaneously. give the balanced chemical equation (including phases) that describes this reaction.
The balanced chemical equation between sodium lithium metal and diatomic nitrogen gas is given by;
6Li(s) + N2(g) → 2Li3N(s)
Further Explanation:Chemical equations Chemical equations are equations showing reactions between reactants to form products. Chemical equations show the reactants or starting substances and products or substances formed during the reaction.Law of conservation of mass The law of conservation requires that when writing chemical equations, the mass of the reactants should be equal; to the mass of the products.This is done by making sure the number of atoms of each element involved in the chemical equation is equal on both sides of the equation.To ensure the law of conservation in chemical equations is observed we balance chemical equations.Balancing chemical equation:Balancing chemical equations is a try and error method that ensures the number of atoms in the side of the reactants is equal to the number of atoms in the side of products.Balancing chemical equations may also require inclusion of state symbols which shows the state of each compound or element involved in the chemical reactions.For example; the equation; 6Li(s) + N2(g) → 2Li3N(s) is balanced as the number of titanium and oxygen atoms are equal on both sides of the equation.There are six Lithium atom and 2 nitrogen atoms on either side of the equation.Keywords: Chemical equations, balancing of chemical equations
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Subject: Chemistry
Topic: Chemical equations
Sub-topic: Balancing chemical equations
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between lithium metal and nitrogen gas to form lithium nitride is 6 Li (s) + N₂ (g) → 2 Li₃N (s). This reaction is exothermic.
The reaction between solid lithium metal and diatomic nitrogen gas produces lithium nitride.
The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is as follows:
Balanced Chemical Equation : 6 Li (s) + N₂ (g) → 2 Li₃N (s)In this reaction, six atoms of lithium react with one molecule of nitrogen gas to form two formula units of lithium nitride.This reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases heat.
Correct question is: Solid lithium metal and diatomic nitrogen gas react spontaneously to form a solid product. give the balanced chemical equation (including phases) that describes this reaction. indicate the phases using abbreviation (s), (I), (g) for solid, liquid and gas
The isotope of an atom containing 40 protons and 51 neutrons suddenly has two neutrons added to it.What isotope is created
The correct answer is
Zirconium-93
Since nothing else matches up with 40 protons and 51 neutrons
So your answer is
Zirconium-93
How much would the temperature of 275 g of water increase if 36.5 kj of heat were added?
Answer: The temperature increase will be 31.70°C.
Explanation:
To calculate the increase in the temperature of the system, we use the equation:
[tex]q=mc\Delta T[/tex]
where,
q = Heat absorbed = 36.5 kJ = 36500J
m = Mass of water = 275 g
c = Specific heat capacity of water = [tex]4.186J/g^oC[/tex]
[tex]\Delta T[/tex] = change in temperature = ? °C
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]36500J=275\times 4.186J/g^oC\times \Delta T\\\\\Delta T=31.70^oC[/tex]
Hence, the temperature increase will be 31.70°C.
Sensitivity analysis is concerned with how certain changes affect
a. the feasible solution.
b. the degenerative solution.
c. the optimal solution.
d. the unconstrained solution.
Final answer:
Sensitivity analysis is concerned with how changes in variables or assumptions impact the optimal solution of a model, assisting in decision-making by evaluating the solution's robustness under different conditions. The correct option is C.
Explanation:
Sensitivity analysis is primarily concerned with understanding how changes in certain variables or assumptions affect the outcome of a model. Specifically, this type of analysis is focused on the impact of these changes on the optimal solution. It systematically alters key assumptions, computations, or input data, comparing the new results against the original model to assess the variance. This process is valuable in both analytical and computational approaches to solve constrained optimization problems. By exploring the comparative statics analysis, sensitivity analysis helps in determining how a firm, for instance, would respond to changes in one of its exogenous variables, holding all else constant (ceteris paribus).
In essence, sensitivity analysis serves as a critical tool in decision-making processes, assisting in evaluating the robustness and reliability of an optimal solution under varying conditions.
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What is nuclear fission?
the creation of high-energy plasma
when two or more atomic particles stick together and form a heavier atomic nucleus
the splitting of the atomic nucleus into parts
Why does radioactive decay occur?
The electric force and nuclear forces are in opposition to each other.
The electric force causes electrons to be released.
Nuclear forces disintegrate protons.
Answer:
D. the splitting of the atomic nucleus into parts
D.The electric force and nuclear forces are in opposition to each other.
Explanation:
Which of these orbital designations are invalid?
a. 4s
b. 2d
c. 3f
d. 3p
In a unimolecular reaction with three times as much starting material as product at equilibrium, what is the value of keq? is δg o positive or negative? enter keq as a decimal. be sure to answer all parts.
A. The formula for Keq is:
Keq = concentration of product [B] / concentration of reactant [A]
where
A = 3 B
Therefore Keq is:
Keq = [B] / [3 B]
Keq = 0.33
B. The formula for ΔG° is:
ΔG° = - R T ln(Keq)
Since Keq is 0.33 and ln Keq = - 1.1, therefore:
ΔG° = - R T (- 1.1)
ΔG° = +
Therefore ΔG° is positive
The value of Keq for the unimolecular reaction with three times as much starting material as product at equilibrium is 1.73. The value of ∆G° is positive.
Explanation:In a unimolecular reaction with three times as much starting material as product at equilibrium, the value of Keq can be calculated by taking the square root of the concentration ratio of product to reactant. Since there is three times as much starting material as product, the concentration ratio is 3:1. Taking the square root of this ratio gives us a Keq value of 1.73 (rounded to two decimal places).
The value of ΔG° for a reaction can determine whether it is spontaneous or non-spontaneous. If ΔG° is negative, the reaction is spontaneous and can proceed without any outside intervention. If ΔG° is positive, the reaction is non-spontaneous and requires an input of energy to proceed. In this case, since the reaction is at equilibrium and there is three times as much reactant, the value of ΔG° would be positive.
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