Answer:
Answer is neurotransmitter.
Explanation:
The neurotransmitters are regarded as chemical messengers that carry messages or transmit signals to neighboring cells.
Examples of neurotransmitters include serotonin, glutamate, endorphin among others.
If a specific kind of protein is not continually used by a cell, the gene for that protein is
Answer:
The gene for the protein is turned on and off at different times.
Explanation:
The turning on and off of the gene is described as gene regulation. This process is important because it enables the cells to react quickly to the changes in the environment.
Note that , this process mostly occur at transcription level during gene expression , and help in determining the amount of protein made by a gene.
The change in genetic composition of a population due to sampling (a random event) best describes:
Answer:Genetic drift
Explanation:
This is the change in genetic composition due to the random sampling of the genes in the population
Where is the Electron Transport System (ETS) located in prokaryotic cells?
Answer:
Cellular membrane.
Explanation:
In prokaryotes electron transport chain isIn prokaryotes electron transport chain is located in the cell membrane. ETC is defined as the series of complexes which helps in the transfer of electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via reduction, and oxidation reaction couple the transfer of protons with electron transport across a member.
The primary function of the ETC is generated a transmembrane proton electrochemical gradient, such as oxidation, and reduction reaction.
How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration contribute to the carbon cycle?
Answer:
Carbon cycle may be defined as a type of biogeochemical cycle that regulates the amount of carbon in nature. The carbon is released by the living animals and utilized by the plants in form of carbon dioxide.
Photosynthesis consumes the carbon dioxide to make carbohydrates where as cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide and breakdown the carbohydrate. Both these process helps in recycling of the carbon in nature and maintains the level of carbon in nature.
Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and produces glucose and oxygen using sunlight. Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen to produce ATP, releasing carbon dioxide and water in the process.
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are fundamental processes in the carbon cycle, which maintains the balance of carbon in the environment.
Photosynthesis :
occurs in photosynthetic organisms like plants and some bacteria. During this process, carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) are converted into glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂) using the energy from sunlight. This reaction can be summarized by the equation:
6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂
Cellular Respiration :
takes place in the cells of all living organisms. Here, glucose and oxygen are used to produce energy in the form of ATP, releasing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. The general equation for cellular respiration is:
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + energy (ATP)
These two processes are reciprocal: photosynthesis removes CO₂ from the atmosphere and produces O₂, while cellular respiration uses O₂ and releases CO₂. Together, they form a continuous cycle that is essential for life on Earth.
Explain how habitat selection can limit the range of otherwise suitable habitats.
Explanation:
Habitat selection is the process in which organism choose a habitat which is best suited for them and for their survival.
All the organisms choose and select habitat that meets most or all of their needs like climate, food accessibility and availability, predator numbers, etc.
As the number of need increases the pool of habitat starts getting more shrink because the organism has to select smaller patches to get a more suitable habitat. Therefore habitat selection limits the habitat range and size.
Some early methods of contraception include which of the following? a. Lemons b. Papaya seeds c. Cotton d. All of these
Answer:
D. All of these
Explanation:
Women in the past used sponges soaked in lemon juice to prevent pregnancy. The citric acid in lemons acts as a natural spermicide. The lemon rind itself (with pulp and juice removed) could be used as a cervical cap. Unripe papaya was used to prevent or terminate pregnancy. ... The seeds of the papaya could actually serve as an effective male contraceptive. Papaya seeds, taken daily, could cut a man's sperm count to zero and was safe for long-term use. The cotton could be seen as a tampon, but was also quite effective as a method of birth control.
This is the largest digestive organ. One of its functions is to receive matter from the portal vein.
Which organ is it?
A. small intestine
B. liver
C. pancreas
D. gallbladder
Answer:
the correct option is B.
Explanation:
the liver is the second largest digestive organ in our body which receives portal vein. 1st is skin but it does not receive the portal vein.
liver performs many important and vital processes that are necessary for the body to function normally. for example . it performs detoxification, helps in bile production, stores the nutrients and most importantly as mentioned above it receives portal vein .
so, the correct option is B.
Which principle of stratigraphy could be used to determine the relative ages of Layer 7 and Layer 3?
a. the principle of fossil succession.
b. the principle of original horizontality.
c. the principle of lateral continuity.
d. the principle of inclusions.
Answer:
Option (A)
Explanation:
According to the fossil succession, the rocks that are comprised of similar fossils that are found in different places are of the same age. This law enables a geologist to determine the relative age of the rock layers in an undisturbed sedimentary sequence.
In the given condition, considering the layers as 1, 2, and so on, from the bottom towards the top, the relative age of the layers could be determine, where, the layer 3 will be older than the layer 7 as the fossils embedded in the layer 3 were deposited earlier, and the fossils embedded in the layer 7 were deposited later, in terms of geological time.
Thus, based on the principle of fossil succession, the relative ages of the layers can be determined.
Hence, the correct answer is option (A).
The principle of original horizontality can be used to determine the relative ages of Layer 7 to Layer 3, as it affirms layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally. Therefore, Layer 3 is likely older than Layer 7.
Explanation:The principle that can be used to determine the relative ages of Layer 7 and Layer 3 is the principle of original horizontality. This principle states that layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally, and then can be deformed into more complex structures. By this principle, we can say that Layer 3 is older than Layer 7, assuming no tectonic activities have occurred to disrupt the layers. The Principles of fossil succession, lateral continuity, and inclusions are also significant in stratigraphy studies, but for determining the relative ages of different layers, original horizontality is primarily utilized.
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Every time a child visited a cousin who has two cats, the child's eyes turned red, itched, and began to water. Then, the child began to have trouble breathing. It is most likely that the child reacted this way because
(1) normally harmless cat antigens stimulated the immune system
(2) it is difficult for the respiratory system to filter cat antigens out of the inhaled air
(3) cat antigens are a health hazard, since they always cause disease
(4) cat antigens stop the immune system from making antibodies, so bacteria cause these responses
Answer:
(1) normally harmless cat antigens stimulated the immune system
Explanation:
Some people are allergic to specific antigens. This means that the antigens otherwise harmless for other people initiate the allergic immune responses in these people. The child is allergic to cat antigens. As the child comes in contact with cats, the cat antigens enter the body and start the allergic response.
The allergy reactions include the production of IgE antibodies that bind to the surface of mast cells and basophils and stimulate the release of certain chemicals from these cells. The mast cells and basophils release histamine, prostaglandins, etc. which in turn cause vasodilation, increase the permeability of blood capillaries, stimulate the contraction of smooth muscle in the airways of the lungs, and trigger the secretion of mucus. As a result, the child experience watery and itchy eyes, inflammatory responses, and difficulty in breathing through the constricted airways.
The current knowledge concerning cells is the result of the investigations and observations of many scientists. The work of these scientists forms a well-accepted body of knowledge about cells. This body of knowledge is an example of a:________.
a) hypothesis
b) controlled experiment
c) theory
d) research plan
Answer:
This body of knowledge is an example of a theory.
Explanation:
The scientific theory is a conceptual framework used to explain facts or phenomena and to make predictions.
The theory is fundamental to science because it allows scientists to organize and understand observations.
The construction of a theory begins with a hypothesis. The scientist believes that a certain phenomenon occurs in a certain way and so he/she performs observations under the scientific method to prove that his/her hypothesis is valid or not valid. The systematization of the observations as well as of the empirical data collected might derive in a scientific theory that can explain the analyzed phenomenon.
A scientific theory is a knowledge that was contrasted in several ways.
Dna is a double-stranded molecule made up of complementary _______
Answer: bases
Explanation:
Which of the following correctly lists the levels of compaction in eukaryotes from naked DNA to the most compact?
a. solenoid, nucleosome, looped chromatin (300-nm fiber), metaphase chromosome
b. solenoid, metaphase chromosome, nucleosome, looped chromatin (300-nm fiber)
c. metaphase chromosome, nucleosome, solenoid, looped chromatin (300-nm fiber)
d. nucleosome, solenoid, looped chromatin (300-nm fiber), metaphase chromosome
e. nucleosome, looped chromatin (300-nm fiber), metaphase chromosome, solenoid
Answer:
The level of compaction in Eukaryotes from naked DNA to the most compact is:
d. nucleosome, solenoid, looped chromatin (300-nm fiber), metaphase chromosome
Explanation:
As we know that the
Diameter of DNA is 2 nm.Diameter of nucleosome is 11 nm.Diameter of solenoid is 30 nm.Diameter of looped chromation is 300 nmDiameter of meta-phase chromosome is 1400 nmAll of these facts depict that the the least compact is DNA and most compact is meta-phase chromosome.
Marilyn was asked to solve a series of five math problems. The first four problems could only be solved by a particular sequence of operations. The fifth problem could also be solved following this sequence; however, a much simpler solution was possible. Marilyn did not realize this simpler solution and solved the problem in the way she had solved the first four. Her problem-solving strategy was hampered by:____
A. Functional fixedness
B. The overconfidence phenomenon
C. Mental set
D. Her lack of a prototype for the solution
Answer:C mental set
Explanation:This is Because he couldn't realize
The say way he solved the first four
So mentality mind set came in place
Her problem-solving strategy was hampered by her mental or mindset. Thus the option C is correct.
What is mental set?A mental set is a brains tendency to stick with most familiar situation regarding problems and hence ignore stubbornly alternatives. It is driven by previous knowledge and long or short term mental sets.
Thus when asked about the series of math problems Marilyn could only solve a special sequence of operations. The fifth problems had to be solved in a sequence.
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If Japanese workers are more productive than French workers, then trade between Japan and France
A) can take place only if France has an absolute advantage in producing a good or service Japanese buyers want.
B) cannot take place because Japanese goods and services will be less expensive than French goods and services.
C) cannot take place until French workers become more productive.
D) will take place so long as each country has a comparative advantage in a good or service that buyers in the other country want.
Answer:
Option D, will take place so long as each country has a comparative advantage in a good or service that buyers in the other country want.
Explanation:
Trading or globalization is a concept where services or goods of one nation can be exported to other nation in terms of some monetary benefits of technological advancement. Two nations will be into a trading partnership till the service or goods of the two nations provide a comparative advantage over and above trading with any other nation. Thus, France shall be taking benefits of better productivity of its workers for meeting out the demand of its citizens in lieu to provide open market for business opportunities in other sectors as well to japan.
Hence, option D is correct
Trade between Japan and France can take place as long as each country has a comparative advantage in a good or service that the other country wants.
Explanation:In this scenario, the correct answer is D) trade between Japan and France will take place so long as each country has a comparative advantage in a good or service that buyers in the other country want.
Comparative advantage refers to the ability of a country to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another country. If Japanese workers are more productive than French workers, Japan would have a comparative advantage in producing certain goods or services. Similarly, if French workers are more productive than Japanese workers in other areas, France would have a comparative advantage in those goods or services.
Therefore, trade between Japan and France can occur if each country specializes in producing the goods or services in which they have a comparative advantage, and then they can trade with each other to obtain the goods or services that they do not produce efficiently.
When surface fires occur, they release valuable plant nutrients that had been tied up in slowly decomposing litter and undergrowth.True / False.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Surface fires have several ecological benefits such as
a) They only burn litter and other flammable waste materials and prevent huge forest fires.
b) The important minerals that are held within the litter are released which would have otherwise remained within the slowly decomposing waste
c) It prevents several diseased and promotes the growth and development of certain trees.
d) It also releases seeds and thus causes sprinting after fire thereby preserving habitat for animals.
Hence, the given statement is true
A young man develops skin cancer that does not spread to any other tissues; the mutation responsible for the cancer arose in a single skin cell. If he and his wife (who does not have skin cancer) have children after the skin cancer diagnosis, which of the following statements is most likely to be true?
A. All the man's children will inherit the mutation.
B. All the man's children will inherit the mutation if the mutation is dominant.
C. Some of the man's children may inherit the mutation depending on which of his chromosomes they inherit.
D. None of the man's children will inherit the mutation.
Answer:
D. None of the man's children will inherit the mutation.
Explanation:
Mutations that occur in germ cells are carried to the next generation. Mutations occurring in one or more somatic cells of an individual are not carried to its next generation. This is because the DNA of gametes is transmitted to the progeny. Sperm and egg cell fuse to form a zygote which in turn develops into an embryo carrying the DNA from the gametes only.
According to the given information, mutation responsible for skin cancer occurred in single skin cell and the cancer did not spread to any other tissue. This means that the germs cells of the man were not affected by the mutation. Therefore, none of his children would inherit the mutation.
True or false: Brain imaging studies examining brain development in childhood show that the amount of brain material in some areas can nearly quadruple within as little as a year.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
A family has two children. M represents male, and F represents female. What is the sample space for the gender of the children?
a. {FM, FF, MM, MF}
b. {FF, MM}
c. {MF, FM}
d. {F, M}
Sometimes genes, for no known reason, change their form in a process called spontaneous __________.
Answer:
Mutation.
Explanation:
Mutation may be defined as the sudden heritable change in the DNA sequence of the organisms. Mutation can results in the change in the genotype and phenotype of the organisms.
Two main types of mutation are spontaneous mutation and induced mutation. Induced mutation occurs intentionally with the help of the mutagens. Spontaneous mutation is the natural mutation that occurs for the no known reason.
Thus, the answer is spontaneous mutation.
Which statement describes a situation where the process of cellular respiration is not working properly in a cell?
Answer:
Option D, A Golgi apparatus is unable to package a protein due to lack of ATP
Explanation:
Please see the attachment
Which of the following is not an example of exponential growth?
A. rabbit populations after being introduced to Australia
B. reindeer of the Pribilof Islands after eating most of the lichens
C. a bank account that earns interest
D .mold appearing on bread overnight
Answer:
B. reindeer of the Pribilof Islands after eating most of the lichens
Explanation:
Exponential growth refers to the specific way that a quantity may increase over time. It occurs when the instantaneous rate of change of a quantity with respect to time is proportional to the quantity itself.
From the above options:
B. reindeer of the Pribilof Islands after eating most of the lichens is the correct answer because if we ake a look at the other options;
a rabbit populations after being introduced to Australia may have undergone some behavioral modifications that makes it to change drastically over the course of time.
a bank account that earns interest increases with time.
mold appearing on bread overnight is as a result of bacteria formation and it also increase with time.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Which of the following is an effect of myelination?
A) Myelination increases the rate at which phagocytosis occurs in the brain.
B) Myelination increases the speed of conduction of action potentials.
C) Myelination increases the rate of mitosis in damaged neurons.
D) Myelination increases the volume of cerebrospinal fluid in circulation.
Answer:
B) Myelination increases the speed of conduction of action potentials.
Explanation:
Myelination can be defined as the process of formation of myelin sheath around a nerve to allow nerve impulses to move more quickly.
Myelin is a fatty substance that is rich in lipid which surrounds nerve cell axons to insulate them and increase the rate at which information that are encoded in form of electrical impulses are passed along the axon.
Generally, myelin increases the transmission of electrical impulses called action potentials along myelinated axons by insulating the axon and reducing axonal membrane capacitance.
Myelination is a process that forms a myelin sheath around nerve fibers to speed up the conduction of nerve impulses. Therefore, the correct effect of myelination is the increase in the speed of conduction of action potentials. Myelination does not predominantly affect phagocytosis, mitosis in neurons, or the volume of cerebrospinal fluid.
Explanation:In the central nervous system, myelination is the process of forming a myelin sheath around a nerve fiber to speed the transmission of nerve impulses. Among the given options, the correct effect of myelination is: Myelination increases the speed of conduction of action potentials (Option B).
The myelin sheath works like an insulating material, allowing electrical signals to jump rather than slide down the nerve fiber. This increases the speed with which these signals travel along the fiber, which is critical for rapid communication between the brain and the rest of the body. Thus, myelination does not primarily influence the rates of phagocytosis or mitosis in the brain or the volume of cerebrospinal fluid in circulation.
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Which of the following is an example of an extended product responsibility? Select one: a. ecotourism b. soft loans for business planning to implement environmental products c. the use of recycled wood products in the manufacture of new products d. tradable emission permits
The use of recycled wood products in the manufacture of new products is an example of an extended product responsibility.
Explanation:An example of an extended product responsibility is the use of recycled wood products in the manufacture of new products. This is an example of a company taking responsibility for the environmental impact of its products by using sustainable materials in their production.
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Final answer:
Option c. The use of recycled wood products in the manufacture of new products is an example of extended product responsibility. This concept is about companies taking responsibility for their product's environmental impact throughout its life cycle, in contrast to other market-oriented environmental policies.
Explanation:
An example of extended product responsibility is option c. the use of recycled wood products in the manufacture of new products. This concept entails that companies are responsible for the environmental impacts of their products throughout the product’s life cycle, including post-consumer use. This is in contrast to options like ecotourism, tradable emission permits, and soft loans for business planning, which are more aligned with market-driven environmental strategies or incentives for sustainable practices. The principle behind extended product responsibility is to encourage waste minimization and facilitate a closed-loop production system, ultimately leading to sustainable consumption and reduced negative environmental impacts.
Purchase of 'green' products, such as those using sustainably sourced timber or manufactured with recycled materials, represents a commitment to biodiversity conservation and often comes with higher costs. Consumers demonstrate their willingness to take on these costs for the sake of supporting environmentally responsible practices. Tradable emission permits, on the other hand, fall under market-oriented environmental policies, which serve to integrate the social costs of negative externalities into the economic activities that cause them.
If a body or part of the body has been found in an advanced state of decay who will offer assistance in indentifying the remains?
Answer: forensic science technician
Explanation:
An individual who investigate crimes through collection and analysis of the available physical evidence is a forensic technician.
The physical evidences are usually remains of humans or animals parts. Which can also be exhumed for laboratory analysis.
They make use of materials like chemicals, microscopes for evidence analysis, and evaluate findings with computer database of finger printings and DNA, for comparison with with the evidences collected from the scene.
Detail reports of the finding are complied for lawyers and detectives for possible witness in the Court of law.
Which statement is true about DNA ? a.Both of the original DNA strands act as templates during replication. b.It is a single-stranded molecule. c.Only one of the original DNA strands acts as a template during replication. d.Its replication takes place in the cytosol.
Answer:
The correct answer is a. Both of the original DNA strands act as templates during replication.
Explanation:
During the DNA replication both the strands of the DNA act as the template strand. DNA polymerase is the enzyme that replicates both the DNA strand.
One of the strand of DNA gets continuously replicated which is called the leading strand. While the other strand is replicated in a discontinuous manner called lagging strand.
As due to discontinuous replication in the lagging strand short DNA fragments are formed called Okazaki fragments which are joined together by DNA ligase. So both the original DNA strands act as template during replication.
Answer:
The answer to this question is both of the original DNA strands act as templates during replication.
Explanation:
To add proof of the correct answer, I attached a file to help you guys out.
Hope this helps! :)
Humans are much more likely to associate snakes with danger than flowers and danger. According to the evolutionary perspective, this tendency is called __________.
1) surrounding adaptation2) neuro-conditioning3) organism biology4) biological preparedness
Answer:
4) biological preparedness
Explanation:
Biological preparedness is a phenomenon that humans and animals have developed over time as a survival mechanism. It explains the tendency of humans and animals to form associations between dangers and some stimuli. In this case, humans tend to associate snakes with danger than flowers to danger. This tendency of humans to associate snakes with danger has made humans, according to evolutionary perspective, to fear and avoid snakes. And so, became a trait for adaptation for humans’ survival.
Which of the following is true?
a. haploid gametes are produced that are identical in their allelic composition.
b. the cytoplasm divides.
c. chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during metaphase.
d. genetic variation among the daughter cells is increased.
e. two identical daughter cells are produced.
During meiosis but not during mitosis, which of the following is true? __.
A haploid gametes are produced that are identical in their allelic composition
B the cytoplasm divides
C chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during metaphase
D genetic variation among the daughter cells is increased
E two identical daughter cells are produced
Answer:
D. genetic variation among the daughter cells is increased
Explanation:
Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. Meiosis occurs in germ cells, as a result; genetic variation among the daughter cells is increased. These cells (germ cells) are our sex cells – sperm in males, eggs in females.
In meiosis, the haploid gametes that are produced are not identical in their allelic composition.
In prophase 1, the chromosome pair up.
During metaphase, The chromosome pairs line up next to each other along the center (equator) of the cell.
During which phase in the control of the digestive system would bicarbonate and bile be stimulated?
1. cephalic phase
2. gastric phase
3. intestinal phase
Answer:
3. intestinal phase
Explanation:
Intestinal phase starts at the first segment of the small intestinal where we have the duodenum. In this phase, the partly digested food called chyme stimulates the enteroendocrine cells of the duodenum causing the release of the secretin hormone. The secretin is one of the hormones in the duodenum. It is a peptide hormone that functions mainly in regulating the acidity of the duodenum. The secretin hormone stimulates the secretion of bile in the liver and also initiates the secretion of bicarbonate in the pancreas in response to the acidity of the chyme.
In order to stimulate an effector in a toe, which pathway does a nerve impulse follow after it is initiated at a receptor?
A. sensory neuron -> interneuron -> motor neuron
B. motor neuron -> interneuron -> sensory neuron
C. interneuron -> sensory neuron -> motor neuron
D. None of these
Answer:sensory nuerone to internuerone to motor neurones
Explanation:
The sensory nuerone usually receive inputs from the receptors cells in the skin,organs,and other parts of the body.
These receptors send signals as action potential to the spinal cord to the brain.(CNS).
Synapse take place at the synaptic junctions, in the spinal cord with the internuerone.
The latter transmit the action potential to the motor neuron which synapse with the internuerone and transmita signal to the neuromuscular junction where it synapse with the muscels at the toe.
The action potentials causes influx of calcium ions and the relase of acetylcholine neurotransmitters for action potential to reach the toe muscles (effector)for contraction
The correct answer to the question is option A. sensory neuron -> interneuron -> motor neuron.
The correct pathway for a nerve impulse from a receptor to an effector in a toe is sensory neuron -> interneuron -> motor neuron. This pathway involves sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons in a reflex arc. This process is fundamental for initiating quick, involuntary responses to stimuli.
Pathway of a Nerve Impulse to an Effector in a Toe
In order to stimulate an effector, such as a muscle in a toe, a nerve impulse follows a specific pathway after being initiated at a receptor. The correct pathway is:
Sensory neuron: Transmits information from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system (CNS).Interneuron: Relays the information within the CNS, typically the spinal cord, as part of the processing and decision-making steps.Motor neuron: Carries the impulse from the CNS to the effector (muscle or gland), causing a response.Types of Neurons Involved
Sensory neurons: These neurons transmit information from sensory receptors to the CNS.Interneurons: These neurons are part of the CNS and are involved in the processing of information and decision-making.Motor neurons: These neurons send signals from the CNS to muscles or glands to initiate a response.This pathway forms what is known as a reflex arc, which is a fundamental mechanism for reflex actions. For example, when you step on a sharp object, the pain receptors in your foot send a signal through the sensory neurons to the spinal cord, where interneurons process the signal and immediately send responses through motor neurons to pull your foot away.
Three different alleles (c1, c2, and c3) at the c locus exist in a hypothetical population of juniper trees. If the frequency of c1 is 0.3, the frequency of c2
a) cannot be less than 0.3.
b) cannot be greater than 0.3.
c) is 0.7.
d) cannot be greater than 0.7.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
When considering the frequency of the potential alleles of a gene in a population, the total must add up to 1. Think of it like percentages. an allele frequency of 0.3 means 30% of the population carry it (out of a possible 100%).
We know that the frequency of c1 is 0.3. Lets take each option and see if it can be true
a) cannot be less than 0.3. - false. It could be less than 0.3. For example, it could be 0.1, meaning the frequency of allele c3 would be 0.6 (because 0.3 + 0.1 + 0.6 = 1)
b) cannot be greater than 0.3. - false. It could be greater than 0.3. For example, it could be 0.5, meaning the frequency of allele c3 would have to be 0.2 (because 0.3 + 0.5 + 0.2 = 1)
c) is 0.7. - false. It can't be 0.7, because that would mean that the frequency of c3 is 0. (0.7 + 0.3 = 1)
d) cannot be greater than 0.7. - true. It cannot be greater than 0.7, because that would mean that the frequency of c3 is 0. (0.7 + 0.3 = 1)
Given the allele frequencies in a population should add up to 1, if the frequency of allele c1 is 0.3, the frequencies of c2 could, theoretically, range from 0 to 0.7. Hence, the frequency of c2 cannot be greater than 0.7.
Explanation:The question relates to frequencies of alleles in a population of juniper trees. There are three possible alleles, denoted c1, c2, and c3 and we are given that the frequency of c1 is 0.3. Considering the principle of population genetics, the total of allele frequencies in a population should add up to 1. In this case where there are three alleles (c1, c2, and c3), if the frequency of c1 is 0.3, then the combined frequencies of c2 and c3 would be 0.7 (1 - 0.3).
Therefore, the frequency of c2 could be any value from 0 to 0.7. The only suitable answer provided is option d) cannot be greater than 0.7.
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