Biology High School

Although bacterial toxins vary in their activity and effects on host cells, a small amount of gram-negative bacteria endotoxin:
a. inactivates key cellular functions
b. is released during cell growth
c. in the cell wall activates inflammation
d. uses protein to activate enzymes

Answers

Answer 1
I think the correct answer is C. Although bacterial toxins vary in their activity and effects on host cells, a small amount of gram-negative bacteria endotoxin in the cell wall activates inflammation. Once the endotoxin is inside the body, the defense cells would recognize it as a foreign material. Causing the release of histamine which is a main effector for an allergic response. Generally causing inflammation.

Related Questions

Hydrogen and Oxygen will have properties after they bond to become water. A. the same B. both of their original C. completely new D. only the dominant element’s

Answers

C they will have completely new properties

Hydrogen and Oxygen will have completely new after they bond to become water.

Does hydrogen bonding with oxygen make water?

A molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms. Both of these atoms can form a hydrogen bond with oxygen atoms of different water molecules.

What properties does water get from hydrogen bonding?

Water molecules are polar, so they form hydrogen bonds. This gives water unique properties, such as a relatively high boiling point, high specific heat, cohesion, adhesion and density.

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Before administering a cephalosporin to a patient, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for an allergy history to which substance?

Answers

Before administering a cephalosporin to a patient, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for an allergy history to penicillin. The drug cephalosporins belong to the group of beta-lactam antibiotics which has a similar structure and as well as action to that of penicillin. If a patient has allergy reaction of penicillin, then surely the patient would not be able to take in cephalosporins.   This antibiotic is produced from the fungus Acremonium. It is being used to treat infections that are caused by bacteria which is susceptible to this type of antibiotic. The first generation of this antibiotic was made to kill gram-positive bacteria and it was further developed for it to have increased activity to gram negative bacteria.

What is a lung transplant?

Answers

It's where something is wrong with the lung and they switch it out for another lung.
A lung transplant is a surgical procedure to replace a diseased or failing lung with a healthy lung, usually from a deceased donor. A lung transplant is reserved for people who have tried other medications or treatments, but their conditions haven't sufficiently improved.

Is the student correct? Yes, a hydrocarbon is any compound that contains a carbon backbone. Yes, a hydrocarbon is any compound that contains hydrogen and oxygen. No, a hydrocarbon contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms. No, a hydrocarbon contains at least one double or triple bond.

Answers

Hi Adrianna! Thanks for asking your question here on Brainly. 

Hydrocarbons contain a compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen, hence the name. 

Answer: No, a hydrocarbon contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms. 

Hope that helps! ★ If you have further questions about this question or need more help, feel free to comment below or leave me a PM. -UnicornFudge aka Nadia

Answer: Option (c) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

A compound that consists of only carbon and hydrogen atoms is known as a hydrocarbon.

For example, [tex]C_{5}H_{12}[/tex] is a hydrocarbon and its name is pentane.

A hydrocarbon can have single, double or triple bonds. A hydrocarbon with double bonds is known as an alkene and a hydrocarbon with a triple bond is known as an alkyne.

A hydrocarbon does not have or contain an oxygen atom.

Hence, we can conclude that the statement no, a hydrocarbon contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms, is correct.

After several miles of running and sprinting in intervals, the runner’s muscles ache and feel fatigued. Which is the best explanation for what has occurred?

Answers

After miles of running and sprinting in intervals, the runner's muscle ache and feel fatigue due to anaerobic respiration taken place in the muscle cells.Anaerobic respiration in animal cell gives Carbon Dioxide and lactic acid as products. Due to the formation of lactic acid after running, muscles feel fatigue and ache.
I hope I helped you! ^^
When your muscles don't have enough oxygen for the exercise they're doing they have to break down carbohydrates into something called lactic acid. Lactic acid also increase the acidity of the muscle cells, so it makes your muscles sore. It may seem counterproductive for your body to produce something that would make your muscles not function as well, but without the lactic acid permanent damage could could happen because your muscles wouldn't be getting the oxygen they need.

A non native species of fish is introduced into a lake. which would most likely prevent this fish from becoming an invasive species

Answers

The factor that will prevent the species from becoming an invasive one is predation.

If the species of fish introduced is an apex predator, there will be no organisms present to keep the population of the fish in check. Moreover, if the introduced species has a selective advantage over those that it shares the same niche with, then it is more likely to oust these species from the food chain by consuming all of their resources. 

Answer:The fish shares a niche with another species (apex)

Explanation:

How do I solve this problem in the picture??

Answers

So a box plot displays five points.

The end of the left "whisker" is the minimum, in this case, I would assume either 1 or 0.

The end of the right "whisker" is the maximum, in this case, around 90.

The left edge of the block is the 1st Quartile (if you don't know how to get it or what it is message me and I'll tell you, but for now, it's basically the number in the middle between the median and the minimum)

The right edge of the block is the 3rd Quartile (again, same as before, except median and maximum now)

And the middle line in between those is the median, or 2nd Quartile.

Changes to waterways will discontinue if human impacts on waterways cease. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T or F

Answers

False. Humans are not the only thing impacting waterways. Although we are one of the biggest contributors we don't take 100% of the blame. If this helps please give brainliest ;)

Answer: FALSE ON EDGE 2021

Explanation:

Perform an on-line search to discover how a gardener can remedy soil that is overly acidic. support your answer with a sequence of contributing chemical reactions.

Answers

A remedy for alleviating soil acidity is the use of lime. The lime should be used in adequate quantities, depending up on the acidity of the soil, and plant to be grown. 
Deficiency of Magnesium, Iron, Aluminium, and Calcium can also cause acidity,
Quick lime, hydrated lime, chalk, oyster-shell etc., may be used for improving acidic soils

Final answer:

To remedy overly acidic soil, a gardener can add lime which reacts with hydrogen ions in the soil to form water and carbonate ions. This neutralizes the acidity of the soil, making it more suitable for plant growth. Contributing to soil acidity is the phenomenon of acid rain, caused by human activities like burning of fossil fuels.

Explanation:

To remedy soil that is overly acidic, a gardener can add a substance, such as lime (calcium carbonate, CaCO3) to the soil. When lime is added to acidic soil, it reacts with the hydrogen ions present in the soil to form water and carbonate ions. This reaction can be represented as:

CaCO3 + 2H+ -> Ca2+ + H2O + CO2

The carbonate ions (CO2) evaporate into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide gas. This chemical reaction neutralizes the acidity of the soil (raises the pH), making it more hospitable for plant growth. In addition, certain human activities can affect the pH of soil, such as the burning of fossil fuels, which releases sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. This can result in acid rain (rainwater combined with sulfur dioxide forms weak sulfuric acid), which can lower the pH of soil, making it overly acidic.

To remedy soil that is overly acidic, a gardener can use various methods to raise the pH level and make the soil more neutral. One common method is to add lime, such as agricultural lime or dolomitic lime, to the soil. When lime is added to acidic soil, it reacts with the H+ ions in the soil to form water, thus decreasing the acidity. The chemical reaction involved can be represented as:

CaCO3 + 2H+ → Ca2+ + H2O + CO2

Another method is to add organic matter, such as compost or manure, to the soil. The organic matter contains alkaline compounds that can help neutralize the acidity. For example, the reaction between organic matter and acid in the soil can be represented as:

Organic matter + H+ → H2O + CO2

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What do the the skin, lungs, and digestive system do when drugs enter the system?

Answers

Drugs undergo four stages within the body: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Drugs can be absorbed through the skin.
Or, some drugs can be inhaled as gases. Gases penetrate the lining of the esophagus and lungs very quickly, which allows the drug to enter the bloodstream. 
 Once a drug has entered the bloodstream,the blood throughout the body carries the substance with it. 
The digestive system is involved in the process of metabolism of the drugs. and transform drugs into substances that can be expelled by the body. Enzymes within the liver break down the drugs.

One extensive membrane bound structure serves as the site of origin for protein secretions and enzymes used in other organelles. what is the name of this membrane bound organelles in eukaryotic

Answers

One extensive membrane bound structure serves as the site of origin for protein secretions and enzymes used in other organelles. The name of this membrane bound organelles in eukaryotic is the ribosome. In the cytoplasm, ribsomal RNA (rRNA) and protein combine to form a nucleoprotein called a ribosome. The ribosome serves as the site and carries the enzymes necessary for protein synthesis. The ribosome attaches itself to m-RNA and provides the stabilizing structure to hold all substances in position as the protein is synthesized. Several ribosomes may be attached to a single RNA at any time.   

A client is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of a right-sided brain attack (stroke). the client is right-handed. which task will be most difficult for this client?

Answers

Since the client is diagnosed of having right sided brain attack or also known as stoke, since the client is right handed, the most difficult task that the client would perform is having to do activities that involves of using his right side of the body such as his or her right arm, hands or right leg.
Since the right side of the brain controls the ability to pay attention, recognize things you see, hear or touch, and be aware of your own body, the answer is dressing every morning.

True or False God created man from apes

Answers

From a Christian viewpoint this is false. God created man from the ground, and the first man was called Adam.
It depends if you look at it religiously or scientifically. God created man is the religious view. Scientifically is that apes evolved over millions of years into humans that we know today. Hope this helps! ;)

What is the largest and most diverse group of seedless vascular plants are the:?

Answers

Ferns are the largest, seedless, and vascular plants. These plants are also really ancient dating back to before dinosaurs roamed the earth. 10000 known extant varieties of ferns exist. 
Final answer:

The largest and most diverse group of seedless vascular plants are ferns, with around 12,000 different species. Other seedless vascular plants include club mosses, horsetails, and whisk ferns. Non-vascular seedless plants, such as liverworts, mosses, and hornworts, are generally smaller and absorb water and nutrients through all their exposed surfaces.

Explanation:

The largest and most diverse group of seedless vascular plants are ferns. There are about 12,000 species of ferns that inhabit a variety of environments, from the tropics to temperate forests. However, most ferns prefer moist and shaded places. Apart from ferns, other seedless vascular plants include club mosses, horsetails, and whisk ferns. Unlike seed plants, these species still require water for fertilization.

Another group of seedless plants are the nonvascular plants, which include liverworts, mosses, and hornworts, collectively known as the bryophytes. These plants are generally small and absorb water and nutrients through all their exposed surfaces.

Vascular plants, which encompass more than 90 percent of Earth's vegetation, developed a network of specialized cells that conduct water and solutes. These evolutionary innovations allowed them to spread to all habitats. However, not all vascular plants are seed plants; the earliest vascular plants, like lycophytes (club mosses) and pterophytes (ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns), are seedless.

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Why isn't a ph indicator needed in the lactose broth fermentation tubes?

Answers

Final answer:

The lactose broth fermentation tubes already contain a pH indicator that changes from red to yellow to indicate lactose fermentation by coliform bacteria.

Explanation:

A pH indicator is not needed in lactose broth fermentation tubes when testing for the presence of coliforms because the lactose broth already contains a pH indicator that changes color to indicate lactose fermentation. After inoculation and incubation, the observation of a color change from red to yellow in the media signals coliform growth due to the breakdown of lactose, which produces acidic byproducts, lowering the pH. This visual cue is a straightforward method to assess the potential fecal contamination of water samples by coliform bacteria, such as E. coli.

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How does research on attributional processes help to explain the link between hot weather and aggression?

Answers

During a study in the U.S., it was noted that people are more violent during summer months and December. It is also disclosed that climate change could lead to more violence, as an example, during El Niño, civil conflict increases. The reason is that anger increases the body temperature by increasing blood pressure and altering the distribution of blood in our body. Higher temperature means an increase in aggression and the heat triggers the feelings of anger.  

Nerves and blood vessels that service the muscle fibers are located in the connective tissues of the

Answers

They are located in the connective tissue of the PERIMYSIUM. Perimysium is a sheath of connective tissues which group muscle fibers into bundles,  the muscle bundles are called fascicle. The principal function of the perimysium is to transmit lateral contractile movement.

A client has edema in the lower extremities during the day, which disappears at night. with which medical problem does the nurse conclude this clinical finding is consistent?

Answers

The answer to the question above is RIGHT VENTRICULAR HEART FAILURE. Right ventricular heart failure is one of the common right-sided heart failures. What happens is that, this part of the heart (right ventricle) is unable to cooperate and function well in the heart's pumping ability. The edema of the patient results due to the blood backing up into the parts of the body. This is due from congestion and the limbs are one of the most commonly affected along with the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Aside from edema or swelling of the feet and ankles, the patient can also experience shortness of breath, irregular and increased heartbeat, and frequent urination.

The ventral rami of spinal nerves c4 to t1 contribute fibers to the ________ plexus.

Answers

The ventral rami of spinal nerves c4 to t1 contribute fibers to the brachial plexus. The brachial plexus is network of nerves (4 cervical nervs and one thoracic nerve) and nerve roots, that begins in the root of the neck. The function of the brachial plexus is cutaneous and muscular innervation of the entire upper limb. 

Achondroplasia ____.
a. ​affects only homozygotes
b. ​is inherited as an x-linked disorder
c. ​is inherited as an autosomal recessive condition
d. ​is characterized by abnormally short arms and legs
e. ​affects about one in one million people

Answers

Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder that cause people to have shorter bone, thus having short arms and legs. The disease is caused by mutation in FGFR3 and inherited as autosomal dominant. Homozygotes will have a lethal allel and died short time after birth.

The interdependence of body systems is essential because

A. all systems work together to maintain homeostasis.
B. each system doesn't rely on the others to work.
C. each system can work independently on its own.
D. very few processes are controlled by hormones

Answers

The answer to this question is:

The interdependence of body systems is essential because??
A-"All systems work together to maintain homeostasis."

Hoped This Helped,  Tiffbmt90 
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In an enzyme controlled reaction, a substrate is the same as

Answers

Final answer:

In enzyme-controlled reactions, a substrate is the reactant or the molecule upon which the enzyme acts. They interact at the enzyme's active site and undergo dynamic changes to facilitate the chemical reaction. Each enzyme is designed to work with a specific substrate.

Explanation:

In an enzyme-controlled reaction, a substrate is essentially the reactant, or the molecule upon which the enzyme acts. The enzyme binds to the substrate at a specific location known as the active site. This binding is facilitated by the unique combination of amino acid side chains within the active site, perfectly suited to bind to one specific chemical substrate (or substrates). Enzymes display specificity because only a substrate with a particular shape and electrical charge can bind to the corresponding active site.

Moreover, enzymes and substrates undergo dynamic changes to induce the transition state of the substrate - a high-energy, unstable state occurring during a chemical reaction. This process known as induced fit, resembles a hand fitting into a glove, where the glove represents the enzyme and the hand represents the substrate.

Therefore, we say that each enzyme is specifically matched for each substrate and hence each chemical reaction. Some enzymes, however, can act on several different but structurally related substrates.

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A substrate in an enzyme-controlled reaction is the molecule that the enzyme acts upon. It binds to the enzyme's active site, undergoes a chemical reaction, and is converted into a product. Substrates are crucial for the specificity and the catalytic process of enzymes.

In an enzyme-controlled reaction, a substrate is the molecule that binds to the enzyme's active site. The enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction, transforming the substrate into a different molecule, known as the product. This process often involves the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex, indicated by the equation E+S
ightarrow ES
ightarrow E+P, where E represents the enzyme, S is the substrate, and P is the product.

Enzymes are highly specific to their substrates due to the unique fit between the substrate and the enzyme's active site, a concept sometimes referred to as the "lock and key" model. However, the induced fit model explains that the active site of the enzyme changes shape upon substrate binding, which facilitates the catalytic process. Substrates play a critical role in biochemical reactions and are not altered or consumed by the reaction, allowing enzymes to be reused multiple times.

Assume you have isolated an unknown virus. this virus has a single, positive sense strand of rna, and possesses an envelope. to which group does it most likely belong?

Answers

This would be a togavirus

How long do you go without eating before you pass out?

Answers

An average person could be conscious or are able to live without eating for about thirty days. Though what's more important is that the person is having water because water is very vital and essential to the body for it is the most abundant component that could be found in a person's body. Without it, the person without eating and has no water intake could only take him or her three days.

Dark green or orange vegetables and/or fruits are recommended at least every other day to provide a source of

Answers

Dark green or orange vegetables are the ones that are best for you. Some examples are carrots, green peppers, zucchini and pumpkin. These foods contain a good source of vitamin A.

How are conditions of pressure and temperature, at which two phases coexist in equilibrium, shown on a phase diagram?

Answers

On the phase diagram, conditions of pressure and temperature, at which two phases coexist in equilibrium are separated by a line.

There are  different kinds of diagram. On the phase diagram, The regular phase diagram is known to be one that has pressure seen on the y-axis and temperature seen on the x-axis and two phases coexist in equilibrium which is often separated by a line.

How are pressure and temperature depicted on a phase diagram?

Phase diagram is known to be a kind of graphical representation of all the physical states of a substance using different kinds of conditions of temperature and pressure.

A regular phase diagram is known to be one that has pressure seen on the y-axis and temperature seen on the x-axis. As one cross the lines or curves on a specific phase diagram, a phase change is said to occur.

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If you want to improve your health by making better lifestyle choices ,what are five choices that you could make?

Answers

You could eat healthy everyday, exercise, drink at least 6 to 8 cups of water each day, get enough sleep, and try to put less stress on yourself. :)
Final answer:

To improve your health, adopt a balanced diet, exercise regularly, avoid risky behaviors such as smoking, make sure to get regular health check-ups, and manage stress through techniques such as meditation.

Explanation:

To improve your health and promote a better lifestyle, there are several key choices you could make.

Adopt a balanced diet: Prioritize whole foods, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats, while being considerate about portion sizes. Exercise Regularly: Incorporating physical activity into your daily routine helps maintain a healthy weight and reduces the risk of chronic diseases. Avoid Risky Behaviors: This includes smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and other behaviors that can harm your health. Get Regular Health Check-ups: Regular medical check-ups can help detect any potential health issues before they become serious problems. Manage Stress: Use techniques such as meditation to manage stress and maintain mental health.

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Which best explains why virus are not classified by Linnaean taxonomy ? A.virus do not contain any genetic information or cell wall
B.virus share many characteristics with several of the kingdoms
C.virus cannot reproduce outside a host cell and are therefore nonliving
D.viruses lack a protein coat and any metabolic activity

Answers

Best explains why virus are not classified by Linnaean taxonomy is C.virus cannot reproduce outside a host cell and are therefore nonliving

Virus is not considered as living things. They are an obligate parasite that needs to hijack living things to proliferate. They don't have cells and can't do metabolism.

Answer:

C.virus cannot reproduce outside a host cell and are therefore nonliving

Explanation:

HELP PLEASE!
Which of the following correctly describes fungi?
A. Eukaryotic autotroph
B. Prokaryotic autotroph
C. Eukaryotic heterotroph
D. Prokaryotic heterotroph

Answers

D. Prokaryotic heterotroph, animals are eukaryotic
Most opisthokonts and prokaryotes are heterotrophic; in particular, all animals andfungi are heterotrophs. Some animals, such as corals, form symbiotic relationships with autotrophs and obtain organic carbon in this way.



In a new england forest, different species of warbler birds were discovered that feed on things they find in or below the trees. the different bird species, which are nearly identical in most respects, all share the same niche. yet they all thrive and reproduce successfully. how is this possible?

Answers

I believe the only reason why they could have survived successfully despite living only on the same tree and they are large in number is because:

“They feed on different parts of the same trees.”

So this means that although they are many of them feeding on the tree, there is no food deficiency occurring since they are getting their source of food from different parts of the tree anyway.

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What are the three common patterns of population distribution? The two main tools of macroeconomic policy include monetary policy, and fiscal policy, which involves __________ spending. Christine buys 7 hamburgers and 3 sodas for $27.95. Laura buys 5 hamburgers and 4 sodas for $23.40. How much does a hamburger cost?A. 1 .85B. $3.20C. $6.80D. $6.55E. $3.50 Explain why we need more than one digit to express certain quantities You help me out on the question you will get 10 brainlist so please help me just like i help alot of you guys.. I will give 100 points for helping... god bless the one who actually help me Which excerpt from "Foreign Lands" contains a metaphor?A.The dusty roads go up and downWith people tramping in to town.B.I saw the next-door garden lie,Adorned with flowers, before my eyeC. I held the trunk with both my handsAnd looked abroad on foreign lands.D. I saw the dimpling river passAnd be the sky's blue looking-glass; The indian reorganization act in 1934 rescinded the dawes allotment act and reduced the paternalism formerly imposed upon american indians. select one:a. trueb. false 16.Explain how you would calculate the ecological footprint of the state that you live in if you knew the average ecological footprint of a resident in your state? Choose the point on the terminal side of -45. (-3, -3) (4, -4) (5, 5) (-2, 2) All of the following are types of telescope except Hubble space telescope electron telescope radio telescope reflecting telescope what is the exact solutions of x2=5x+2 In a certain grocery store, strawberries cost $5.92 per pound ( 5.92 dollars/lb ). what is the cost per ounce? Calculate each unit rate $11.49 for 3 packages A nurse is caring for a client who has lung cancer and is dying. which prescription should the nurse question Choose the system of equations which matches the following graph:A. 5x - y = 72x - y = 0B. 5x - y = 72x + y = 0C. 5x + y = -72x + y = 0D. 5x + y = -72x - y = 0 simplify 7p + 2m - 6m + 4p - 9p + 6pa) -4m + 8pb) 8p - 4c) 4m - 13p + 5pd) -4m + 13p - 5p As a result of trade created by the erie canal, _______ became the largest city in the united states. What command line utility can be used to repair the bcd on a windows installation? When noticing a suspicious vehicle on your property? The section of an inode that stores permissions is referred to as what? Why does geographic isolation cause speciation apex? Steam Workshop Downloader