Classify each of the tested antibiotics as limited spectrum or broad spectrum

Answers

Answer 1
According to Spectrum of Activity, it depends on the range of bacterial species susceptible to agents in the classification such as broad or limited spectrum. Broad spectrum are active against gram positive and gram negative organisms, while on the other hand limited spectrum have only limited activity and primarily only useful against species and microorganisms. 
Answer 2
Final answer:

Broad-spectrum antibiotics can act against a wide range of bacteria while narrow-spectrum antibiotics target specific subsets of bacteria. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test can be used to determine whether an antibiotic is narrow or broad-spectrum.

Explanation:

The spectrum of activity refers to the range of bacteria that an antibiotic can act against. Broad-spectrum antibiotics can target a wide range of bacteria, including both gram-positive and gram-negative species. This makes them useful in situations where the exact bacteria causing an infection hasn't been identified, or when an infection is caused by multiple bacteria. Examples of such antibiotics are ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin.

On the other hand, narrow-spectrum antibiotics are specialised in their action and target only specific subsets of bacteria. For instance, some target only gram-positive bacteria while others target only gram-negative bacteria. Using narrow-spectrum antibiotics is best when the causative bacterium is known. They could also minimize the disruption to the normal microbiota, which can prevent other infections. A common example of a narrow-spectrum antibiotic is penicillin.

To determine if an antibiotic is narrow or broad-spectrum, a Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test can be carried out. This test involves placing a disk infused with an antibiotic on a petri dish cultured with bacteria. Growth around the disk signifies sensitivity to the antibiotic. The appearance of a clear zone shows the antibiotic's effectiveness against the bacteria.

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Related Questions

What are the two things that all sociologists do in their studies?

Answers

Sociologists systematically study the social world by using research methods to design their studies and carefully planning their research designs.

Sociologists systematically examine the social world, identifying problems or patterns of interest, and then meticulously set out to study them. They achieve this by:

Using research methods to design a study, which may include surveys, participant observation, ethnography, case studies, unobtrusive observations, experiments, or secondary data analysis.Carefully planning the research design or research protocol, which is crucial for conducting reliable and valid research to obtain meaningful data.In essence, sociologists aim to understand societal interactions and phenomena by using a structured approach to investigate and collect data. They seek to provide insights into social behaviors, trends, and patterns.

This structured approach helps them understand societal interactions and phenomena. They employ various methods such as surveys, ethnography, and data analysis.

Classical conditioning occurs when a _____ comes to predict a _____.

Answers

The answers are potent stimulus and neutral stimulus; because these two are the stimulus in which classical condition tackles in means of observing and learning of how these two stimulus affects the person responding to the situation that has given to him or her.

Scientific knowledge is advanced through a process known as ________.

Answers

Answer: scientific method.

Explanation:

Hi, Scientific knowledge is advanced through a process known as the scientific method.

The scientific method is a systematic way of learning about the world around us and answering questions. The key difference between the scientific method and other ways of acquiring knowledge are forming a hypothesis and then testing it with an experiment.

The scientific method consists of 6 steps:

1.Purpose

2.Research

3.Hypothesis

4.Experiment.

5.Data/Analysis.

6.Conclusion

Scientific knowledge is advanced through a process known as the scientific method. The scientific method is a systematic approach that scientists use to investigate and understand the natural world. It involves a series of steps that help researchers gather evidence, test hypotheses, and draw conclusions.

A scientific method is an iterative process, meaning that it often leads to new questions and further research. Scientists build on existing knowledge and use their findings to generate new hypotheses and theories. This continuous cycle of observation, research, analysis, and communication ensures that scientific knowledge is constantly evolving and expanding.

The first step in the scientific method is observation. This helps them identify gaps in knowledge and formulate a research question or hypothesis.

The next step is conducting research and gathering data. They carefully plan and control variables to ensure accurate and reliable results.

Once the data is collected, scientists analyze it using statistical techniques and other methods. The analysis helps scientists draw conclusions and make interpretations about their findings.

The final step in the scientific method is communicating the results. This allows other scientists to review, critique, and replicate the study, which contributes to the advancement of scientific knowledge.

Thus, Scientific knowledge is advanced through a process known as the scientific method.

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The percentage by which a population grows in a year is called

Answers

Answer:

Net reproductive rate (r) is calculated as: r = (births-deaths)/population size or to get in percentage terms

Explanation:

Net reproductive rate (r) is calculated as: r = (births-deaths)/population size or to get in percentage terms, just multiply by 100. the population is so much bigger, many more individuals are added. If a population grows by a constant percentage per year, this eventually adds up to what we call exponential growth, i expect a thx i explained it really well,see ya stranger bye.

the sedition act made it illegal to "print, utter, or publish . . . any false, scandalous, and malicious writing" about the american government. how did this law affect the election of 1800?

A. support for the law led to a landslide victory for john Adams.
B. New immigrants were no longer allowed to vote in federal elections.
C. Criticism of the law contributed to the defeat of the federalist party
D. enforcement of the law encouraged election fraud as a form of protest

Answers

To the best of my knowledge the answer would be B.
Final answer:

The Sedition Act of 1798 led to a significant backlash and was a contributing factor in the defeat of the Federalist Party in the 1800 election, as it was seen as a violation of free speech and individual liberties.

Explanation:

The Sedition Act of 1798 significantly impacted the election of 1800. The act made it illegal to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, and malicious writing against the American government. With its severe restrictions on free speech, the act was used by Federalists to arrest and convict supporters of the Republican Party, including newspaper editors and even a member of Congress, Matthew Lyon. This led to a backlash against the Federalist Party, as the act was viewed as an attempt to suppress dissent and violate the First Amendment.

Criticism of the Sedition Act contributed significantly to the defeat of the Federalist Party during the election of 1800. The arrest and prosecution of individuals under the act galvanized the Republican Party, which saw the Sedition Act as clear evidence of Federalist tyranny. Republican leaders Thomas Jefferson and James Madison advocated for safeguards against such federal overreach through the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, which advanced states' rights arguments and even suggested the idea of nullification.

Personality factors are best described as

Answers

The answer is big five personality. The big five personality consists of extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism.

 

 

EXPLANATION

 

The big five personality consists of five traits, such as agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and extraversion. The big five personality traits represent two extremes. For example, in the extraversion trait, people can be in the range of extreme extraversion or extreme introversion. These are the more detailed explanation about the big five personality:

 

1. Openness

People with this trait tend to be more imaginative and have a broad range of interest. People with high openness trait are eager to learn new things, excited to do new experience, and curious about the world and adventurous.

 

2. Conscientiousness

People with this trait tend to have high levels of thoughtfulness. They are people with goal-directed behaviors and have good control over themselves. People with high conscientiousness tend to be mindful for details and very organized. They pay attention to deadlines.

 

3. Extraversion

People with this trait are usually known as social people, who are talkative, assertive, expressive, and outgoing. They gain their energy by being around people, it helps them to feel more energized.

 

4. Agreeableness

People with this personality trait tend to be kind and have a lot of affection to other people. They have attributes such as altruism and prosocial behavior. They are cooperative people.

 

5. Neuroticism

People with this trait are usually known as sad people with emotional instability. These individuals experience anxiety, irritability, sadness, and mood swings. They are extremely moody people.

 

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KEYWORD: big five personality traits, openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism  

Subject: Social Studies

Class: 10-12

Subchapter: Big 5 Personality

Extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism make up the big five personality traits.

Personality characteristics are regarded as thought, feeling, and behavior patterns that are reasonably consistent over the course of a person's life. The extraversion, neuroticism, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness characteristics make up the five-factor model. Assertive, active, and sociable behaviors are indicators of extraversion, also known as surgency.

Neuroticism can be identified by irritable and moody behaviors, which are essentially the same as emotional instability. Openness to experience, often known as intelligence, describes a person's curiosity, deliberation, and aptitude for mentally demanding work. Empathic, compassionate, and friendly behaviors are signs of agreement.

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What is the key difference between instrumental theorists and structural theorists?

Answers

Structural theorists are certain of that the law is not the total dominion of the rich. Comparatively it is used to keep the attention of the capitalist system and to control affiliates of any class who threaten its presence. While Instrumental Theorists see criminal law and the criminal justice completely for governing the poor affiliates of the society. 

Freedom is not license. explain this phrase and what freedom is

Answers

The follow up to your true statement would be to say that this "freedom to choose what is right for oneself" is established in the Ninth Amendment in the Bill of Rights, and backed up by the Tenth Amendment. 

The phrase 'Freedom is not license' emphasizes that freedom involves living responsibly and not infringing on the rights of others. It distinguishes between responsible freedom and unrestrained license, underscoring the balance between individual rights and social order.

The phrase 'Freedom is not license' draws a distinction between the concept of freedom, which implies a responsible exercise of one's rights, and license, which suggests unrestrained behaviour without regard for others' rights. Freedom empowers individuals to pursue their desires and live their lives as they wish, as long as they do not infringe upon the freedoms and rights of others. This is clearly articulated by the notion that freedom is life on the condition that it does not violate the rights of other individuals. In contrast, freedom carries with it the responsibility to respect the communal order and the rights of others, making it not a mere ability to act independently, but a balanced right to act while considering the common good.

Freedom's Not Just Another Word suggests that while the definition of liberty and freedom may be subjective and culturally contextual, it historically involves the development of personal and property rights, accountability, and the balance between individual desires and social harmony. In other words, real freedom is not about the absence of any restrictions, but rather about living by the laws and values that protect everyone's rights equally.

Furthermore, the tension between freedom and law or authority is a misunderstanding in our times, one that views freedom too much as an independent assertion of self-will and downplays the necessary role of law and obedience in maintaining societies where real freedom can flourish.

Definition: this is the first step used when factoring a polynomial consisting of four terms.

Answers

The answer that best fits this definition is called Grouping 

Answer: The first step in factoring a polynomial consisting is four terms is grouping

Explanation: For grouping you have to:

Rearrange the terms so that the exponents are in decreasing order, if they aren't already.  Group the first two and the last two terms together. (x3 + 3x2) + (2x + 6) . Factor each of the two groups separately. Factor the common factor out of the two groups. Check the two factors to see if they can be factored further.

What part of the body did early philosophers believe was the seat of thought and actions?

Answers

It depends upon whom you ask. The Egyptians thought it was the heart, but later it was agreed upon that the brain was the real seat of thoughts and actions. It's interesting that this contradicts the saying, "to learn something by heart.

How many children would someone advocating zero population growth suggest a couple have?

Answers

Advocating zero population growth would mean extinction of the human race because it means no children at all. But if you are referring to just how many children a couple should have depends on different factors like the current population, economic status or mortality rate. The number of required children may change over time as the factors mentioned changes.

What type of learning occurs when an individual is rejected and develops anxiety over the rejection?

Answers

Actually rejection is one of the most common and deadly symptom for many of the people, which then leads to anxiety surely for most of them for a long period of time, which affects our daily day to day activities of our life in most of the things, which then leads us to make unnecessary unwanted silly mistakes again and again, there by confidence is also lost, So overall a very bad learning occurs for many of the individuals.

What are the two basic ways in which the norms of society are enforced?

Answers

Actually the two basic ways in which the norms of society are enforced is, 1] Its through emotional blackmailing the people in a way which affects their future life by misguiding and showing wrong paths as a punishment for not following their norms. 2] Its through the positive publicity covering the core of the people in each and every wards, there by spreading the good words through mouth publicity as far as possible.

The achilles tendon attaches the ________ to the ________.

Answers

The achilles tendon attaches the "calf muscles" to the "calcaneus".

The Achilles tendon is the biggest and most grounded ligament in the body. At the point when the lower leg muscles flex, the Achilles ligament pulls on the heel. This development enables us to remain on our toes when strolling, running, or bouncing. Regardless of its quality, the Achilles ligament is additionally powerless against damage, because of its restricted blood supply and the high pressures put on it.
Final answer:

The Achilles tendon attaches the plantaris, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles to the calcaneus bone, enabling movements like standing on one's toes.

Explanation:

The Achilles tendon plays a pivotal role in human movement. It serves to connect several muscles to our skeletal structure. Specifically, the Achilles tendon attaches the plantaris, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles to the calcaneus bone. These muscles are located in the back of the leg and work together to enable movements like standing on one's toes. The simplified lever system of these muscular interactions is dynamic, with the Achilles tendon facilitating the transfer of force from the muscles to the bone, allowing for movement.

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Carl rogers would say that students ________ when they view themselves as brilliant but earn cs in all their classes.

Answers

They are experiencing incongruence. This means that they think that they are one way, but their actions are showing that they are a different way. This is an example of a conflict between the perceived self and the ideal self.

Which is an example of a situation that is equilibrium

Answers

Answer: The amount of money in a bank account never changes.

Explanation: Equilibrium is a point where the supply and demand are perfectly equal. Once that is reached in your bank account, if you never touch the funds in there, or the stay the same with money coming in or out, you will be able to keep your bank account at equilibrium.

Final answer:

In physics, equilibrium is when all forces acting on an object are balanced. An example of static equilibrium is a book on a table, where gravity and the force of the table are balanced. Dynamic equilibrium is seen in a car moving at a constant speed along a straight line.

Explanation:

In physics, a situation is in equilibrium when all the forces acting upon it are balanced, and it is neither moving nor rotating. An example of this is a book lying flat on a table. In this case, the force of gravity pulling the book downward is exactly matched by the force the table exerts upward, so the book stays in place. This is an example of static equilibrium, where the object remains stationary. There's also dynamic equilibrium, where there are balanced forces on an object, but it is moving at a constant velocity. An example of that would be a car moving at a steady speed in a straight line.

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the star on the following map pinpoints what geographical feature?

A the Caucasus Mountains
B the Caspian Sea
C the Ural Mountains
D the Sayan Mountains

Answers

Caucasus Mountains is your answer

The Caucasus Mountains are indicated on the following map. As a result, choice (A) is the best way to respond.

What is the significance of Caucasus Mountains?

At the confluence of Asia and Europe is a mountain range known as the Caucasus Mountains. They stretch between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, are encircled by the Caucasus Mountains, and are home to Mount Elbrus, which is 5,642 meters (18,510 feet) above sea level and is the highest mountain in Europe.

The Greater Caucasus and Lesser Caucasus are two mountain ranges in the Caucasus region. The Greater Caucasus region stretches from Baku, Azerbaijan on the Caspian Sea to the Caucasian Natural Reserve at Sochi, Russia, on the northeastern side of the Black Sea. The Lesser Caucasus parallels the Greater Caucasus at a distance of around 100 km (62 mi).

Hence, option (A) is accurate.

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Someone who wakes up hundreds of times a night, maybe without realizing it, is probably suffering from:

Answers

Answer:

sleep apnea

Explanation:

sorry if i didnt spell it right

Final answer:

A person waking up frequently without realization likely has a sleep disorder, with sleep apnea being a common condition characterized by breathing interruptions and fatigue.

Explanation:

Someone who wakes up hundreds of times a night, maybe without realizing it, is probably suffering from a sleep disorder such as sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is characterized by episodes during which a sleeper's breathing stops for 10-20 seconds or longer, often associated with brief periods of arousal. People with sleep apnea may not be aware of these disruptions in sleep but may experience fatigue, loud snoring, and gasping for air. Other sleep disorders include insomnia, narcolepsy, sleepwalking, and REM sleep behavior disorder.

Which term describes the action of male bighorn sheep butting heads over a female?

Answers

The answer is....

Intraspecific Competition
its Intraspecific Competition

Why was Monroe's presidency known as the "Era of Good Feelings"?
A) Slavery had begun to decrease which led to more national unity.
B) There was more national unity due to the end of the War of 1812.
C) The Federalist party came to a compromise with the Democratic-Republican party.
D) The Homestead Act was passed which led to widespread expansion and land ownership.

Answers

The answer for this question is B

The "Era of Good Feelings" during Monroe's presidency was marked by national unity and increased nationalism following the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812. It was a time of one-party rule with James Monroe implementing policies for economic development, not due to the decrease in slavery, the Homestead Act, or party compromises.

Why Monroe's Presidency was known as the "Era of Good Feelings"

The term "Era of Good Feelings" refers to the period during James Monroe's presidency following the end of the War of 1812. It is characterized by a sense of national unity and pride after the Treaty of Ghent and an era of heightened nationalism. The goodwill tour undertaken by Monroe, including his warm reception in the previous Federalist stronghold of Boston, further exemplified this unity. Monroe's presidency saw the ushering in of policies aimed at economic development and strengthening the nation, such as chartering the Second Bank of the United States and implementing a protective tariff.

During this time, the United States experienced one-party rule, which contributed to the overall sentiment of unity. Although slavery was still an ongoing issue and did not decrease, it was not the focus of unity during this time. Political divisions seemed to fade, though economic, social, and political issues continued to lay the groundwork for future partisan politics. The Missouri Compromise highlighted growing divisions concerning slavery and the balance of slave and free states.

In summary, the "Era of Good Feelings" was not because of the decrease in slavery or the Homestead Act, which came later, nor due to a compromise between the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties, as the former was in decline. Instead, it was largely due to the end of the War of 1812 and the resulting surge of national unity and pride. Therefore, the correct answer is B) There was more national unity due to the end of the War of 1812.

Adam’s goal is to have $4,000 saved by the end of the year. However, he spent too much at the mall this week and will not be able to put $150 in his savings account. This is an example of _____.

Answers

hey i got u its how his decision affected his goal.

This is an example of how his decision affected his goal. Adam had a clear goal, which was having $4,000 saved by the end of the year. He also had a clear way to get there by putting $150 in his savings account. Therefore, the goal and the plan were designed in an effective way. The problem Adam had, however, was sticking to his plan. He made a wrong decision, which was spending too much money at the mall. Therefore, because of this decision, his goal has been affected as well.

What is the name of the rod-shaped portions of DNA that are organized in 23 pairs?

Answers

Chromosomes are the rod-shaped portion of DNA
that would be chromosomes or genes

Conditioning seldom occurs when a(n) ____________ repeatedly comes before a(n) ____________

Answers

This seldom takes place when the unconditioned stimulus comes before the conditioned or neutral stimulus. This is mainly because there is no association to be made between the two stimuli and no response that will be experienced. Since the unconditioned stimulus will automatically lead to a response, having the conditioned stimulus taking place at a similar time period will not change the outcome.

The pilgrimage from the city of mecca to the city of medina is known as the

Answers

Hijra
Every Muslim should make this pilgrimage at least once in their lifetime.

Rohan works in a bank as a clerk while Sumit works on a construction site as a labourer. Describe difference in their conditions of work and judge the benefits and drawbacks of working in the respective sectors

Answers

While Rohan has a low risk job with assumably good salary, Sumit has more risks of injury and is probably paid less. Working as a labourer needs a high level of corporal labour, which is preferred by some people over sitting on a desk the whole day. As a clerk you have to work with many different people all day, which requires good social skills, while working in construction needs mechanical skills and often bodily strength.

Questions such as "what does this evidence imply?" and "what additional information do we need to resolve this question?" engage the critical thinking skill of ________.

Answers

Inference is the skill these questions help to build because we need to be able to do it before we can answer it. Inference is where you use info you have to assume things you don't know yett.

In regard to trait models of personality, psychologists now generally agree that:

Answers

the answer to this question is personality can be quite accurately described using five basic traits.
They refer this as the big five personality traits, that involve Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.
By understanding these traits in a certain individual, we can predict the behavior that the individual will display a certain situation.

According to the Declaration of Independence, when are the people allowed to alter or abolish the government?

A. When the government works against the rights of people.
B. When the government protects the rights of the people
C. When the government spends too much
D. When the government passes too many laws

Answers

A when the government works against the rights of people.

According to the Declaration of Independence, when are the people allowed to alter or abolish the government?

A. When the government works against the rights of people.

It is the dark, inaccessible part of our personality, what little we know of it we have learnt from our study of the dream-work and of the construction of neurotic symptoms. . . .we all approach [it] with analogies: we call it a chaos, a cauldron full of seething excitations.

Answers

This is what Freud describes as the Id. The id is part of what makes up human personality and is our most basic human desires. Examples of the id would be food, water, human contact, sex or anything that gives pleasure is desired by the id.

Which theorist said that children learn language as a result of reinforcements given by parents and caregivers?

Answers

The name of this theorist is Skinner
According to skinner, the language that children use is a direct adaptation from what they observed from their environment, including interactions with everyone around them. So, if the parents tend to use negative language around the children, it will be very likely that the children will grow up to use similar language.
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