The following statements are either observations or the explanations. These are classified below.
Explanation:
An observation is something that a person sees and observes from his own eyes. Explanation is something that is given to explain the hidden or unseen truth behind the observation.
The given statements are classified as below:
OBSERVATIONS:
James is wearing a yellow shirt The defendant's DNA was found at the crime scene The plastic melted when I held it near the light bulb The defendant's calendar says he was at lunch when the crime occurredEXPLANATIONS:
James wears a yellow shirt when his other shirts are dirty Plastic melts when it reaches a temperature that breaks bonds that hold its structure intact The defendant only intended to scare the victimLearn more about Observations at:
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The question asks for differentiating between observations and explanations. Observations are statements of collected information or noticed phenomena, and explanations interpret those observations.
Explanation:The question focuses on distinguishing between observations and explanations. An observation refers to gathering information or noticing a phenomenon. An example of this would be meeting a friend and observing that they are upset. An explanation, however, is the interpretation of those observations. For example, interpreting their mood from their facial expression, tone of voice, or recent events is an explanation.
If you heard the statement 'It's raining', that's an observation because it's a straightforward fact. However, the statement 'It's raining because the clouds are full of water' is an explanation, as it interprets the reason behind the rain.
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During the Middle Ages, in which of these societies did invasion and migration NOT play a significant role in social, cultural, and economic change?
Answer:
During the Middle Ages, invasions and migration in Song China did not play a significant role in social, cultural, and economic change.
Explanation:
The Song dynasty of China ruled over a large part of China for approximately 300 years between 960 AD and 1279 AD. This dynasty was known for its strict rule that was utterly based on the cultural beliefs of the state. The state had a strong economy which was not vulnerable to external factors like invasions and migrations.Randy is building a house. He wants to put stucco on the outside walls of his house. To make stucco, he needs sand. He lives on the beach, so he decides to use the soil in his backyard. Before he can use the sand, he must remove the other substances from the soil. He separates the larger pebbles and other debris from the finer sand by sifting it with wire mesh. Randy mixes the sand with concrete and water to make the stucco he needs. Which sentence provides the best evidence that Randy's backyard soil is a heterogeneous mixture?
Answer: He separates the larger pebbles and other debris from the finer sand by sifting it with wire mesh
Explanation: Stucco is a material used as decorative material that is coated on walls, ceilings, etc. It is made of some material, a binder and water. This material can also be sand as in this case.
A heterogeneous mixture is one and to which the constituent components vary in their size, in the proportion in which they are represented. So in a heterogeneous mixture composition of components in a particular sample is uneven. In a heterogeneous mixture of different substances, as in this case larger pebbles and other debris on one side and sand on the other make up the mixture. The components of the heterogeneous mixture do not react with each other, and from the sentence where Randy separated the larger pebbles and other debris from the sand it is noticeable that there are various substances that make up the mixture. On basis on this evidence it appears that it is a heterogeneous mixture.
Final answer:
The evidence that Randy's backyard soil is a heterogeneous mixture includes his ability to manually separate larger pebbles and debris from finer sand, revealing a non-uniform distribution of materials in the soil.
Explanation:
The sentence that provides the best evidence that Randy's backyard soil is a heterogeneous mixture is the one describing that Randy can manually separate the larger pebbles and other debris from the finer sand by sifting it with wire mesh. This indicates that the soil has discernible different parts, which is a characteristic of a heterogeneous mixture. The soil contains a variety of materials that are not uniformly distributed throughout, such as pebbles, plant matter, and different sizes of sand particles.
Laura's mother died from Huntington's disease. Unfortunately, after opting to take a genetic test, it was determined that Laura's __________ predisposed her to Huntington's disease.
Answer:
genotype
Explanation:
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a deadly genetic related ailment that causes the gradual breakdown of the brains nerve cells. When an individual gets the HD disease, his or her mental and physical ability deteriorates mostly when the person is in the peak of his or her working years. It has been reported that everyone has the gene that can cause the HD disease, but can only get the disease in full when the individual gets the inherited expanded gene of HD.
"In order to want to help other people, you must first imagine yourself in their situation and feel their pain." This statement summarizes the ________ model of prosocial behavior.
a. arousal: cost-reward
b. reciprocal altruism
c. empathy-altruism
Answer:
c. empathy-altruism
Explanation:
Empathy-altruism: In psychology, the term empathy-altruism is defined as one of the types of altruism which are based on the feelings of an individual for another person.
According to the social exchange theory, altruism won't exist unless benefits related to the helper in a particular situation over-weighs the costs.
C. Daniel Batson believes that an individual helps the other person who needs help and shows genuine concern towards the well-being of another person
In the question above, the given statement summarizes the empathy-altruism model of pro-social behavior.
Final answer:
The 'empathy-altruism' model of prosocial behavior is based on the idea that empathy leads to selfless help towards others. It explains why people may help without regard for personal cost. Option C is correct.
Explanation:
The statement 'In order to want to help other people, you must first imagine yourself in their situation and feel their pain' summarizes the empathy-altruism model of prosocial behavior. This model suggests that when we feel empathy towards someone, we are more likely to help them selflessly, which means our actions are driven by genuine concern for the other's well-being and not by the anticipation of any reward or benefit for ourselves. The empathy-altruism hypothesis, as proposed by Batson, explains why some individuals engage in prosocial behavior even when the costs are high, as they feel a strong emotional connection to those in need and are thus compelled to offer assistance irrespective of the personal costs involved.
The unsettled or disoriented feeling experienced by a traveler to another land, where all the habits are unfamiliar, is known as __________.
Answer:
The correct answer is:
Culture shock
Explanation:
Normally, when travelling to a different place in the world a cultural shock is experienced by the visitors, due to the fact that there are many different aspects in the socio-cultural implications to know about, one of the most important ones could be the language and the way of expressing ideas through verbal and nonverbal language.
It is really common that in these cases people experience different feelings of surprise, confusion, disorientation, misunderstanding, that may vary according to every individual and that change as time goes through while they adapt to the different situations.
Determine whether the study described is a randomized experiment or an observational study.
A wellness instructor wants to determine the effect of fitness class types on body fat composition. She selects four fitness classes that are currently in session: yoga, zumba, pilates, and tae bo. She measures the body fat of the fitness class participants at that time and then again during the last week of classes.
Answer:
observational study
Explanation:
an observational study is a sample survey of a population whereby a sample of the population is used to make inference and the independent variable is out of the control of the researcher. Unlike the case of randomized experiments where subjects could be assigned randomly to groups, the researcher has no control over variables as he draws sample directly from population. There are three types of observational study:cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies.
Final answer:
The wellness instructor's study is an observational study because it involves measuring body fat composition of participants who self-selected into their fitness classes without any random assignment or intervention from the instructor.
Explanation:
The study described by the wellness instructor is an observational study, not a randomized experiment. The main characteristic of an observational study is that the researcher collects data without manipulating the independent variable or randomly assigning participants to different conditions.
In this scenario, the instructor is simply measuring body fat composition of participants in various fitness classes that were already formed and are in session (yoga, zumba, pilates, and tae bo). The participants in each class have self-selected into their respective fitness classes, and the instructor is just observing the effect of these classes on body fat composition over time.
Characteristics of Observational Studies
Participants self-select into groups based on personal preference.Data are collected without random assignment or intervention by the researcher.Such studies can reveal associations but cannot definitively prove causation due to potential confounding factors.The McDougals use harsh discipline on their children and demand unquestioning obedience. Psychologists are likely to characterize the McDougals as __________ parents.
A) Authoritarian
B) Negligent
C) Permissive
D) Authoritative
Answer:
authoritarian
Explanation:
authoritarian parents thinks as there tells them. they explicitly force their children to follow their rules. They take decisions according to their will. They don't pay importance to their child's happiness .So, we can say that Psychologists are likely to characterize the McDougals as authoritarian parents.
Limestone turns into marble when there is a great amount of heat and pressure. Identify the change within the rock cycle which takes place when limestone changes into marble.
Final answer:
Limestone changes into marble through metamorphism, a process involving heat and pressure that recrystallizes the carbonate minerals to form a more durable metamorphic rock.
Explanation:
When limestone undergoes a transformation into marble, this represents a specific change within the rock cycle known as metamorphism. Limestone is subjected to heat and pressure, causing it to recrystallize and form marble, which is a harder rock composed mainly of recrystallized carbonate minerals such as dolomite or calcite. This process of becoming a metamorphic rock enhances the durability and beauty of the stone, making it valuable for use in construction, sculpting, and various other applications.
Tabetha has a mental picture of the layout of her house, also called a ________, so when she comes home late at night she can navigate through the rooms without turning on a light. Group of answer choices
Answer:
Cognitive/mental map.
Explanation:
According to the information given, that Tabetha most likely has a mental map of her house, given that she can navigate through the rooms without turning on a single light. A cognitive map, as it's name implies, involves a mental representation to recall in which the individual can remember geographically any locational or enviromental information previously gathered. In this case, it's Tabetha's house, but it could very easily be her workplace, her parent's house, a club, etc.
A mental map is the answer to Tabetha's situation of being able to navigate through her house without turning on a light.
Explanation:
Tabetha's mental picture is also known as a cognitive map. This is a type of mental representation which serves to acquire, code, store, recall, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in the everyday environment. It means she's memorized the layout of her house and can navigate through it without light, essentially using her mental layout to guide her actions.
The concept of a cognitive map was first introduced by psychologist Edward Tolman in the 1940s. This principle can be applied beyond just physical locations and extends to various cognitive processes including problem-solving skills, memory, and learning.
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According to __________ theory, older persons make a normal and healthy adjustment to aging when they detach themselves from their social roles and prepare for their eventual death.
Answer:
Dis-engagement Theory
Explanation:
Social scientists Elaine Cumm*ing and William Earle Henry first created this theory and presented this theory in their book "Growing Old" in 1961. Disengagement theory of aging refers that people withdraw and disengage themselves from the social surrounding and personal relationships as they grew older. Considered to be this first aging theory it believes that this disengagement is beneficial for social stability.
In the American political context john lockes conception of inalienable rights and the legitimacy of the social contract found its most explicit statement it _______.
Answer:
Declaration of Independence.
Explanation:
Filling in the gap from the question above, we have;
''In the American political context John lockes conception of inalienable rights and the legitimacy of the social contract found its most explicit statement in DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE''.
The father of Modern Liberalism--John Locke was an English philosopher. John Locke was born in Wrington, United Kingdom on the 29th of August, 1632 and died in High Laver, United Kingdom on the 28th of October, 1704(72 years old).
John Locke founded social Contact theory which he believed is 'Democracy'
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE: the declaration in the year 1776 explains the reason behind colonies breaking away from Britain.
John Locke's idea was one of the things that inspire the Declaration of Independence.
What term refers to what happens when a new hire takes initiative to better understand the work environment and work roles and adjusts his or her behaviors to improve their socialization and career success.
Answer:
proactive socialization
Explanation:
Proactive socialization is a process whereby a new employee takes the initiation to better understand his or her work environment and roles by relating with his bosses and colleagues. It involves relationship building, mentorship, information seeking among others.
In media research, the ________________________ is the idea that heavy television viewing leads individuals to perceive reality in ways that are consistent with the portrayals they see on television.
Answer: cultivation effect theory
Explanation: Cultivation effect theory is the idea that heavy television viewing leads individuals to perceive reality in ways that are consistent with the portrayals they see on television.
A psychologist wishes to ensure that both his experimental group and control group are as similar as possible (e.g., having equal numbers of males and females). He can achieve this by using:
Answer:
The answer is: Random assignment.
Explanation:
Random assignment is a procedure used in experimental research, often in psychology, to ensure that both the control and the expedrimental group are as similar as possible. The basic principle of this procedure is that every research participant must have the same opportunity to be asigned to either one of both groups. Therefore, the research participants are randomly assigned to both groups.
Random assignment should not be confused with random sampling, while random sampling is used to select the sample that will represent the entire population, in random assignment the sample has already been chosen and will then be distributed.
A random assignment is a random placement is an experimental technique that is where the subjects are kept as treated vs the control group.
Here each participant and subject has equal chances of being selected. The assignment binds and randomly controls the design of the experiment. It also helps to ensure that the results are not deceptive.Learn more about the ensure that both his experimental group.
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What type of analytic is used to understand what’s popular and what’s not on a firm’s website, including page load times and site navigation?
Answer:
Content analytics
Explanation:
Content analytics is used to understand what is popular and what is not on a firm's website, including page load times and site navigation. Examples of content analytic tools are; Google analytics, piwik, bitly.
Reproduction is an inherent meaning of sexuality common to all species. what additional meaning does sexuality have for human beings?
Explanation:
For human being can involve different aspects besides the biological, it has an erotic, physical, emotional, social, and even spiritual, political, religious or cultural meaning. Is a central aspect of humans and it also involves gender identity, sexual orientation, pleasure and intimacy.
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Evidence that is not based on systematic scientific study is known as ____ evidence. A. empirical B. causational C. logical D. statistical E. anecdotal
Answer: empirical evidence (A is correct).
Explanation: scientific study requires empirical evidence.
The evidence that is based on the systematic scientific study of the evidence is called as anecdotal. Hence the option E is correct.
What is an Anecdotal ?The term anecdotal is an accountable or reliable as the based on the person's accounts and is a valid method of testing in an experiment and is based on the scientific parameter as its the actual claims and is legal in context. It may include the documents and testimonials and even the case studies of medicine.
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Simon Cinema wants to know what the audience thought of tonight's advanced screening of a heralded psychological thriller called "I Can't Sleep."He and his research assistants stand outside the theatre exit and ask every fifth person leaving the theatre to answer several questions about their impression of the movie. Simon is using _______
Answer:
Systematic sampling
Explanation:
Simon Cinema wants to know what the audience thought of tonight's advanced screening of a heralded psychological thriller called "I Can't Sleep."He and his research assistants stand outside the theatre exit and ask every fifth person leaving the theatre to answer several questions about their impression of the movie. Simon is using Systematic sampling.
Systematic sampling is an organised system of sampling whereby respondent are chosen at fixed intervals rather than randomly. In the case above, the cinema owner and his researcher are systematically selecting their respondents.
Simon Cinema is using systematic random sampling to gather feedback from viewers of the movie 'I Can't Sleep'. He surveys every fifth person leaving the theatre, ensuring each person has an equal chance of being included.
Explanation:Simon is employing a method known as systematic random sampling. This is a type of probability sampling method in statistical analysis where every nth record is chosen from a complete population for a sample. In Simon's case, he is selecting every fifth person leaving the theatre.
This method ensures that each sample has an independent and equal chance of being included in the sample. It is often used when there is a large population and a comprehensive list of all members of that population is available.
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The statement, "Those who have power use socialization to manipulate others into supporting the power structure and interests of the elite," is most closely related to ______.
Answer: Conflict theory
Explanation:
The conflict theory is basically refers to the the competition in the society for the distribution of various types of resources, inequality and the power within the society.
It is due to the limited resources available and the main maintain the social order so that it can providing the various types of benefits in the society. It is also refers to the social change and the social conflict in the society by manipulating others by using the socialization factor.
According to the given question, the given statement is basically related to the conflict theory for supporting the given power structure.
Therefore, Conflict theory is the correct answer.
The statement connects to conflict theory, which suggests that societal structures, including those related to power and wealth, are shaped by the competition between social groups, with the elite using their influence to maintain control and inequality.
Explanation:The statement given is most closely related to conflict theory, which is a sociological perspective that sees social life as a competition and focuses on the distribution of resources, power, and inequality. Figures like C. Wright Mills and G. William Domhoff have contributed to the theory by discussing how the power elite—a small group of individuals who hold significant wealth and power—manipulate social structures and policies to maintain their status and control over society. This manipulation is done through various means, such as government influence, the promotion of specific ideologies, and the socialization processes that reinforce their dominance and justify the existing power hierarchy.
Mills described the power elite as comprising economic, political, and military leaders who often come from prestigious backgrounds and utilize their positions to make decisions beneficial to their own interests. Domhoff further explains that the elite can be seen as a subculture with its own social patterns. This narrative aligns with the idea that those with power use socialization to reinforce the power structure, as outlined in the initial statement.
Overall, conflict theory offers a lens through which to understand the dynamics of power and inequality in society, suggesting that wealthy and influential groups often work to maintain and enhance their position at the expense of the wider population.
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The statement, "Through the labeling process, behaviors that were once seen as criminal or ‘bad’ are now defined as illness," most closely reflects ______.
a. rational choice theory
b. conflict theory
c. symbolic interaction theory
d. functionalist theory
Answer:
Symbolic interaction theory
Explanation:
Symbolic interaction theory is the theory that at the micro-level. It focused on the relationship of a person in society. It is the communication of a person through symbols in society. Through symbols, people make understand the world. Many of the social psychologist study on the pattern of the symbolic interaction by people.
Many of the psychologists observed that people are shaping the world by these symbolic words rather than acting upon it. Irving Goff man a social psychologist said that the focus on symbolic interaction ism led to developing the technique called dermatological analysis.
There are different type of theory that explains human behavior. The statement, most closely reflects symbolic interaction theory.
Symbolic interactionism when viewed under labeling theory, it states that the feedback of the society, the community, or a social group often influence the Law-breaker in a way.That is, if a person tagged as a deviant, the person can just believe that they have the deviant label by viewing himself or herself as a deviant.
Conclusively, this deviance was not part of the individual before, but instead the person do focus on negatively label minorities.
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Professor Carter and her research assistants are conducting a study in which they watch and record the behavior of children in a first-grade classroom. This study involves:_________.
Answer:
This study involves naturalistic observation.
Explanation:
Naturalistic observation is a technique used by researchers in which the subjects of an experiment are observed in their natural environment, context. This is normally used in order to understand better how individuals react, since they are in a natural environment and variables are not manipulated.
In this case Professor Carter and her team conduct the study watching the children in their classroom, thus using naturalistic observation.
At the beginning of a research study, Allen is given information that explains what he will be asked to do during theexperiment. Obtaining his approval in this step of the study is called:
A. a protocol form.
B. informed consent.100%
C. a confidentiality agreement.
D. debriefing.
Answer:
I guess it's c a confidentiality agreement I'm not really sure
__________ is a U.S. federal agency that deals with measurement science, standards, and technology related to U.S. government use and to the promotion of U.S. private sector innovation.
Answer:
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Explanation:
National Institute of Standards and Technology is a U.S. federal agency that deals with measurement science, standards, and technology related to U.S. government use and to the promotion of U.S. private sector innovation.
Based on the letter, what was Lincoln's position on the Constitution?
a. It was more important than his own beliefs.
b. It was secondary to states' rights.
c. It could only work as long as there was unity.
d. It would only have power if the president was neutral.
Final answer:
Lincoln regarded the Constitution and the preservation of the Union as paramount, even over his personal views on slavery, indicating that option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Based on Lincoln's writings and historical context, his position on the Constitution emphasizes its paramount importance above all else, including his own beliefs about slavery. Lincoln believed in preserving the Union at all costs, as detailed in his letter when he states, "My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or destroy Slavery."
This suggests that answer choice (a), It was more important than his own beliefs, best represents Lincoln's position on the Constitution. In addition, it is clear that Lincoln saw the Union as imperishable, where the letter and other sources indicate that he valued national unity and the supremacy of the Union over state secession, which negates option (b), It was secondary to states' rights.
Other sources also reaffirm this position, including his inaugural address, which solidifies his stance against the expansion of slavery but also against the dissolution of the Union due to state secession, making option (c) and (d) less suitable.
Which historical perspectives would be most likely to disagree with the following statement: "Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes, so psychological conclusions must be based on experimentation, not personal insight." Name at least two different psychologists from those perspectives.
Answer:
-John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner.
Explanation:
John B. Watson: He is known for theorizing behaviorism and hence implementing it to the child development. According to him, an individual's (child) environment is responsible for shaping his or her behavior rather than the genetics and natural temperament.
B. F. Skinner: He believed the idea of behaviorism and has developed or introduced operant conditioning theory. According to him, an individual's behavior is determined by various consequences including punishments and reinforcements.
Why did local Native American rulers align themselves with Hernán Cortés and his men against the Aztecs?
Answer:
Check explanation.
Explanation:
===>Hernán(do) Cortés was a Spanish colonizer who was born in the year 1485 in Medellín and died in the year 1547. He was appointed as a governor and captain general in the year 1519.
===>Native Americans are the people that were met in United States.
===>Aztecs are people living in Central Mexico before they were conquered by Spain.
Hernán(do) Cortés waged war against the Aztecs mainly because of Aztecs' gold and for his glory. The other reason is for the spread of Christian religion.
The local Native American rulers align themselves with Hernán(do) Cortés and his men against the Aztecs because the wanted revenge against the Aztecs. Aztecs used humans as sacrifice for their religious festivals. So, the local native Americans only want vengeance.
When Ann went to her doctor, he gave her a hearing test. During the test, the doctor struck several tuning forks, each of which vibrated at a distinct pitch, and asked her to choose two tones that sounded almost the same in pitch. The doctor was testing Ann's __________.
Answer:
The answer is difference threshold.
Explanation:
Also called just-noticeable difference or least perceptible difference, the difference threshold is the degree of a stimulus that must be changed in order to be recognised.
For it to be considered a difference threshold, the difference must be identified at least 50% of the time.
Marsha Bogswell is the sole stockholder of Bogswell Legal Services. Which accounting principle requires Marsha to keep her personal financial information separate from the financial information of Bogswell Legal Services?
Answer:
Business entity principle
Explanation:
Business entity principle is an accounting principle which insists that business accounts should be separated from its owners personal account and also that the accounts of separate business even though owned by the same individual should be handled separately.
Over a one-month period, a researcher recruited 200 men and women over the age of 60 from the lobby at Lifestyle Fitness, and asked them to complete a survey about their attitudes toward physical fitness. She found that the majority of participants believed that senior citizens should attend the gym at least 3 times a week. She concluded that senior citizens have a very positive attitude toward fitness and health. Which of the following is true?
A. Because she surveyed so many people, her findings can be generalized to seniors in the general population.B. Her sample is a biased one, because her sample was not a random one.C. Both a. and b. are true.D. Neither a. nor b. is true.
Answer:
B. Her sample is a biased one, because her sample was not a random one.
Explanation:
Biased sample: In psychology, the term biased sample refers to the procedure in which a particular group is selected for a statistical survey or study lack random assignment and is not able to represent a population. It occurs because a particular sample being taken for the study isn't representative of a large population.
For any research or study to give valid and unbiased information or result then it should contain random assignment while selecting the sample from a large population.
According to Fred E. Fiedler’s contingency theory of leadership,
a. The dimensions of leadership style are initiating structure and consideration.
b. The task-motivated style is most effective when a situation is very favorable or unfavorable.
c. The assumption is that an individual’s leadership style is adaptable to the situation.
d. The relationship-motivated style is most effective when a situation is very unfavorable.
Answer:Option C is correct.
Explanation:
Fred E. Fiedler was born on the 13th of July in the year 1922 in Vienna, Austria. He was one of the great Psychologists in the twentieth century. Fred E. Fiedler seek to explain what leadership is all about and how to succeed as a leader.
According to Fred E. Fiedler’s In his contingency theory of leadership, he believes that being effective as a leader is based on the situation.
Option C: ''The assumption is that an individual’s leadership style is adaptable to the situation'' is correct.
Fiedler's contingency theory is one of the general contingency, the other sub theories that fall into the general contingency thing are; Path-Goal theory, Decision-making theory, and Situational leadership theory.
The contingency theory of leadership by Fred E. Fiedler is based on the premise that a leader's effectiveness is determined by the fit between the leader’s style and a specific situation. The task-motivated style is considered most effective in situations that are very favorable or very unfavorable. But, the theory does not view leadership style as flexible, meaning it doesn't believe leadership style can be easily adapted to fit different situations.
Explanation:According to Fred E. Fiedler’s contingency theory of leadership, a leader's effectiveness is contingent upon how his style meshes with the situation. In this sense, option B is correct. The task-motivated style, which focuses on organizing tasks and defining roles, is most effective when the situation is either very favorable or unfavorable. Consequently, the leader can then use task orientation to navigate through stressful or chaotic situations or to keep highly favorable situations on track. Option A refers to two dimensions of leadership, but these are typically associated with Ohio State Studies, not Fiedler. Option C is incorrect as according to Fiedler’s theory, an individual’s leadership style is fixed. Lastly, option D is not necessarily true as per the contingency theory. A relationship-motivated style may not only be effective in unfavorable situations.
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