The much hydrogen that is produced is 0.02 mol of H₂ (answer B)
Explanation
2K +2H₂O→ 2 KOH + H₂
Use the mole ratio to determine the moles of H₂
From equation above the K :H₂ is 2:1
Therefore the moles of H₂ = 0.04 x 1/2 = 0.02 mol of H₂
Final answer:
Using the stoichiometric ratios from the balanced chemical equation, 0.04 moles of K will produce 0.02 moles of H₂, which is answer B.
Explanation:
When solving a stoichiometry problem, start by looking at the balanced chemical equation:
2K + 2H₂O → 2KOH + H₂
The balanced equation tells us that 2 moles of potassium (K) will produce 1 mole of hydrogen (H₂). To find how much hydrogen is produced when .04 moles of potassium is used, set up a ratio based on the stoichiometry of the balanced equation:
2 moles K : 1 mole H2 = 0.04 moles K : x moles H₂
Solving for x gives us:
x = (0.04 moles K) × (1 mole H₂) / (2 moles K)
x = 0.02 moles H₂
Therefore, the answer is B. 0.02 mol of H₂.
which elements does sulfate ion contain?
Answer: Sulphur and Oxygen
Explanation: Sulphate ion is [tex]SO_4^{2-}[/tex]. It is polyatomic ion which is formed by the combination of sulphur and oxygen elements in the ratio of 1:4.
It is negatively charged species and thus is named by the name _ate at the end.
It usually exists with positively charged species to get stable. eg: ferrous sulphate ([tex]FeSO_4[/tex])
An unknown material has a mass of 5.75 g and a volume of 7.5 cm3.
What is the density of the material? Round to the nearest tenth.
A. 0.8 g/cm3
B. 8 g/cm3
C. 0.7 g/cm3
D. 1.3 g/cm3
Hey there!:
Mass = 5.75 g
Volume = 7.5 cm³
Therefore:
Density = mass / volume
D = 5.75 / 7.5
D = 0.7 g/cm³
Answer C
Hope that helps!
Please please help!
What is the mass percent of potassium chloride when 9.35 grams of potassium chloride is mixed into 162.98 grams of water? Choose the answer with the appropriate significant figures and choose the correct unit.
The mass percent of potassium chloride is 1.386%
calculation
mass percent = actual mass/ Theoretical mass x 100
Actual mass = 9.35 g
Theoretical mass is calculated as below
Step 1 : write the equation for reaction
KCl + H₂O → KOH + HCl
Step 2: find the moles of H₂O
moles = mass÷ molar mass
The molar mass of H₂O = (2 x1 ) +(16) = 18 g/mol
moles is therefore = 162.98 g÷ 18 g/mol =9.054 moles
Step 3: use the mole ratio to determine the moles of KCl
KCl: H₂O is 1:1 therefore the moles of KCl is also = 9.054 moles
Step 4: find the theoretical mass of KCl
mass = moles x molar mass
from periodic table the molar mass of KCl = 39 +35.5 =74.5 g/mol
mass = 9.054 moles x 74.5 g/mol =674.5 g
Theoretical mass is therefore = 9.35 g/ 674.5 g x 100 = 1.386%
Draw the product you expect from the reaction of (s)-3-iodohexane with ch3co2-. be sure to show stereochemistry.
This will give substituted product which will be by SN2 mechanism
so here we will get product with inverted geometry
In SN2 mechanism the nucleophile attacks from back side and we always get product with inverted geometry
This is known as Walden inversion.
Final answer:
The reaction of (S)-3-iodohexane with acetate ion will result in the formation of (R)-3-hydroxyhexane due to a backside attack, inverting the configuration at the chiral center.
Explanation:
The student's question involves predicting the product of the nucleophilic substitution reaction of (S)-3-iodohexane with the acetate ion (CH3CO2-). This reaction is an example of a backside attack in which the nucleophile approaches the electrophilic carbon atom from the side opposite to the leaving group (in this case, iodine). Because the reaction involves a chiral center, we must consider the effects on stereochemistry.
Since (S)-3-iodohexane has an S configuration, the nucleophilic attack by the acetate ion will invert the configuration at the chiral center resulting in the formation of the (R)-3-hydroxyhexane. It is important to draw all the substituents in their appropriate positions to show this inversion of stereochemistry accurately.
Balance the following reaction:
A2B + DC3 --> AC + D2B3
Hint: Don't do this in your head. Use a piece of paper and a pencil.
When this reaction is balanced, what number must be to the left of AC?
The balanced reaction is as below
3A₂B + 2DC₃→ 6 AC + D₂B₃
The number that must be to the left of AC is 6
Explanation
According to the law of mass conservation , the number of atoms in reactant side must be equal to number to the number of atoms in product side.Therefore the equation above is balance since it obey the law of mass conservation. For example there is 6 atoms of A in reactant side and 6 in product side.Jay had two clear liquids in bottles. The mass of one liquid was 10.2 grams and the other was 7.6 grams. When he mixed them, a yellow solid formed and settled to the bottom of the bottle. He predicted that the liquid plus the solid would have more mass, so he put the bottle on a scale. The mass was 17.8 grams. Why did the mass not change?
The reason the mass did not change because he did not add anything to the mixture accept the two liquids and its not possble to change the mass/ weight of any certain weighted item like the which is heavier the 1 pound of feathers or the 1 pound of bricks the only things is that the brick has more density so there for neither one is heavier than the other because the are both a pound
Final answer:
The mass did not change because mass is a conserved quantity.
Explanation:
The mass did not change because mass is a conserved quantity. In other words, mass cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction. When Jay mixed the two liquids and a yellow solid formed, the total mass of the system remained the same.
When the two liquids were mixed, a chemical reaction occurred, resulting in the formation of a new substance (the yellow solid). However, the total mass of the reactant liquids and the product solid remained constant. This is known as the law of conservation of mass.
Write the ionic charges (such as Ca2+) and chemical formulas and fill-in the table below.
Element Names Ionic charges Chemical formula
Lithium and fluorine:
Beryllium and oxygen:
Magnesium and fluorine:
Aluminum and chlorine:
Beryllium and nitrogen:
1) Lithium and fluorine:
Ionic charges: lithium cation Li⁺ and fluorine anion F⁻.
Chemical formula LiF.
In ionic salt lithium fluoride (LiF), fluorine has electronegativity approximately χ = 4 and lithium χ = 1 (Δχ = 4 - 1; Δχ = 3).
Fluorine attracts electron and it has negative charge and lithium has positive charge.
2) Beryllium and oxygen:
Ionic charges cation Be²⁺ and anion O²⁻.
Chemical formula is BeO.
Beryllium is metal from group 2 and oxygen is nonmetal from group 16.
Electron configuration of beryllium: ₄Be: 1s² 2s², it has two valence electrons in 2s orbital.
Beryllium lose two electrons and to gain electron configuration as noble gas helium (He).
Electron configuration of oxygen atom: ₈O 1s² 2s² 2p⁴.
Oxygen gain two valence electron to form anion with stable electron configuration as noble gas neon (atomic number 10).
3) Magnesium and fluorine:
Ionic charges cation Mg²⁺ and anion F⁻.
Chemical formula is MgF₂.
Magnesium fluoride (MgF₂) is salt, ionic compound.
Magnesium (Mg) is metal from 2. group of Periodic table of elements and has low ionisation energy and electronegativity, which means it easily lose valence electons (two valence electrons).
Magnesium has atomic number 12, which means it has 12 protons and 12 electrons. It lost two electrons to form magnesium cation (Mg²⁺) with stable electron configuration like closest noble gas neon (Ne) with 10 electrons.
Fluorine (F) is nonmetal with greatest electronegativity, which means it easily gain electrons.
Fluorine has atomic number 9, which means it has 9 protons and 9 electrons. It gain one electron to form fluorine anion (F⁻) with stable electron configuration like closest noble gas neon (Ne) with 10 electrons.
4) Aluminum and chlorine:
Ionic charges cation Al³⁺ and anion Cl⁻.
Chemical formula is AlCl₃.
The right name for AlCl₃ is aluminium chloride.
Aluminium chloride is a salt with ionic bonds.
Aluminium (metal from group 13) has oxidation number +3 and chlorine (nonmetal from group 17) has oxidation number -1, chemical compound has neutral charge (+3 + 3 · (-1) = 0).
5) Beryllium and nitrogen:
Ionic charges cation Be²⁺ and anion N³⁻.
Chemical formula is Be₃N₂.
Atomic number of nitrogen is 7, it has 7 protons and 7 electrons.
Electron configuration of nitrogen atom: ₇N 1s² 2s² 2p³.
Nitrogen gain three electrons to form anion with stable electron configuration as noble gas neon (atomic number 10).
The ionic charges and chemical formulas are Li⁺ and F⁻ making lithium fluoride,Be²⁺and O²⁻giving BeO,Mg²⁺ and F⁻ forming MgF₂,Al³⁺and Cl⁻ forming AlCl₃,Be²⁺and N³⁻ forming Be₃N₂.
In LiF ,lithium is Li⁺ and fluorine is F⁻,giving chemical formula LiF.
In BeO beryllium is Be²⁺ and oxygen is O²⁻making chemical formula BeO. In MgF₂ magnesium is Mg²⁺and fluorine is F⁻giving chemical formula MgF₂ .
In AlCl₃ aluminium is Al³⁺while chlorine is Cl⁻ thus AlCl₃ is formed.In Be₃N₂,beryllium is Be²⁺and nitrogen is N³⁻ thus chemical formula is Be₃N₂.
Thus, the name of chemical formula along with ionic charges is given in the attached image.
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how can you tell a Ca(NO3)2 solution from a Zn(NO3)2 solution?
You can distinguish between a Ca(NO3)2 solution and a Zn(NO3)2 solution by performing a precipitation reaction test. Adding NaOH to the solutions will result in the formation of a white precipitate in the Zn(NO3)2 solution, but not in the Ca(NO3)2 solution.
Explanation:You can tell a Ca(NO3)2 solution from a Zn(NO3)2 solution by performing a chemical reaction test called a precipitation reaction. When a solution of NaOH is added to a Zn(NO3)2 solution, a white precipitate of Zn(OH)2 is formed. However, when NaOH is added to a Ca(NO3)2 solution, no precipitation occurs.
This is because Zn(OH)2 is insoluble in water and forms a white solid precipitate, while Ca(NO3)2 does not form a precipitate with NaOH as calcium hydroxide is soluble in water.
Therefore, by observing the formation or absence of a white precipitate when adding NaOH to the respective solutions, you can distinguish between a Ca(NO3)2 solution and a Zn(NO3)2 solution.
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To distinguish between a [tex]Ca(NO\(_3\))\(_2\)[/tex] solution and a [tex]Zn(NO\(_3\))\(_2\)[/tex]solution, one can perform a series of qualitative tests and observations.
Here are some methods:
1. Flame Test:
Add a few drops of the unknown solution to a flame using a clean platinum or nichrome wire. Calcium ions[tex](Ca\(^{2+}\) )[/tex] in [tex]Ca(NO\(_3\))\(_2\)[/tex]will impart an orange-red color to the flame, while zinc ions [tex](Zn\(^{2+}\))[/tex] in [tex]Zn(NO\(_3\))\(_2\)[/tex]will not produce a characteristic flame color.
2. Precipitation Reactions:
a. Add a few drops of ammonia solution to the unknown solution. Zinc ions will form a white precipitate of zinc hydroxide,[tex]Zn(OH)\(_2\)[/tex], which will dissolve in excess ammonia to form a clear solution due to the formation of tetraamminezinc(II) complex, [tex][Zn(NH\(_3\))\(_4\)]\(^{2+}\).[/tex]Calcium ions will not form such a complex and will remain as a precipitate of calcium hydroxide, [tex]Ca(OH)\(_2\).[/tex]
b. Add sodium sulfate solution to the unknown solution. Calcium ions will react with sulfate ions to form a white precipitate of calcium sulfate, [tex]CaSO\(_4\)[/tex], which is insoluble in water. Zinc sulfate, [tex]ZnSO\(_4\)[/tex], is soluble in water, so no precipitate will form in the presence of zinc ions.
3. Conductivity Test:
Both solutions will conduct electricity due to the presence of ions. However, the conductivity of the solutions will not help in distinguishing between the two since both have similar numbers of ions when dissolved in water.
4. Solubility Test:
Both[tex]Ca(NO\(_3\))\(_2\)[/tex]and [tex]Zn(NO\(_3\))\(_2\)[/tex] are generally soluble in water, so this test may not be conclusive. However, if a precipitate forms upon dissolving the salt in water, it could indicate the presence of calcium, as some calcium salts have limited solubility in water.
5. Complexometric Titration:
Using a chelating agent like EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) in a complexometric titration can differentiate between the two. Zinc ions will react with EDTA to form a stable complex, while calcium ions will not react as readily under the same conditions. This can be indicated by a suitable metal ion indicator such as Eriochrome Black T for calcium or xylenol orange for zinc.
By performing these tests, one can determine whether the solution contains calcium nitrate or zinc nitrate based on the observations made during each reaction.
Copper has been used in electrical wiring for two hundred years. Identify which molecular level property does not contribute to copper's usefulness a material for wiring.
A) high ductility
B) high malleability
C) high conductivity
D) high crystallinity
Answer:D
Explanation:
Copper is considered as a transition metal on the periodic table. It is highly malleable, shiny and soft. It is often mixed with other metals like tin and zinc to make brass and bronze for electrical wiring. The high crystallinity does not contribute to wiring. The correct option is D.
What is crystallinity?The term crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order and regularity in the molecular arrangements of a material. The degree of crystallinity has a significant influence on material properties like hardness, density, melting point and diffusion.
Copper is a crystalline solid. The solids which have a sharp melting point and definite heat of fusion are called crystalline solids. Electron mobility is the reason why most metals conduct electricity. The electrons can move freely within the metal.
So ductility and conductivity of copper is responsible for it to use in wiring.
Thus the correct option is D.
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Describe the interactions of the nervous and muscular system. please write a paragraph and do not plagiarize If you need to cite the text you use to help you but try to write in your own words Thank you soooo much!
The systems within the body associate with each other to keep the organism in a healthy state. Though every system of the body exhibits particular functions, they all are dependent and inter-associated with each other. The nervous system controls various systems of the body.
The muscular system comprises distinct kinds of muscles that permit motion, produce heat to sustain a temperature of the body, does contraction of the heart, and move the food via the digestive tract. It comprises three kinds of muscles, that is, smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscles.
The muscular system coordinates with the nervous system and does various functions. The receptors found in muscles instruct the brain with the information regarding the movement and position of the body. The brain monitors the contraction of skeletal muscle. The nervous system monitors the speed at which food passes through the digestive tract.
a graduated cylinder is filled to 10.0 mL with water and a piece of granite is placed in the cylinder, displacing the level to 23.7 mL. what is the volume of the granite piece in cubic centimeters
The equation for volume would be
9mm*2mm*2mm
If you put a piece of granite in a cylinder filled to 10ML, displacing the level to 23.7, the piece of granite would have a volume of 13.7
To find the volume of the granite piece in cubic centimeters, you can subtract the initial volume of the water-filled graduated cylinder (10.0 mL) from the final volume when the granite is added (23.7 mL).
Volume of granite = Final volume - Initial volume
Volume of granite = 23.7 mL - 10.0 mL = 13.7 mL
However, to express this volume in cubic centimeters (cm³), you need to convert milliliters to cubic centimeters because 1 mL is equivalent to 1 cm³.
Volume of granite in cm³ = 13.7 mL * (1 cm³ / 1 mL) = 13.7 cm³
So, the volume of the granite piece is 13.7 cubic centimeters. This means that the granite displaces 13.7 cm³ of water when placed in the graduated cylinder, as it takes up that much space within the cylinder.
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Why does earth’s rotation axis lean toward the sun for only one-half of its orbit?
The earth is inclined to the plane of its orbit by 23.5 degrees. Therefore for half the time in its earth on its orbit, the north pole will be inclined towards the sun. During this period, the pole receives six months of continuous sunshine. In the other half of the revolution around the sun, the north pole is tilted away from the sun hence receives darkness for 6 months.
Carbon tetrachloride has been widely used in the cleaning industry, in fire extinguishers, and as a refrigerant. Construct an explanation of how carbon and chlorine combine to form carbon tetrachloride.
A) Nonmetal carbon shares valence electrons with each nonmetal chlorine forming four covalent bonds.
B) Nonmetal carbon loses a valence electron and chlorine metal gains a valence electron to form an ionic bond.
C) Carbon and chlorine are nonmetals and they shares their valence electrons to become ions and form ionic bonds.
D) Chlorine metal loses a valence electron to become a cation and nonmetal carbon gains a valence electron to become an anion forming a covalent bond.
Answer: A) Nonmetal carbon shares valence electrons with each nonmetal chlorine forming four covalent bonds.
Explanation:Carbon has atomic no 6 and has 4 valence electrons. It can only share electrons as it is difficult to gain or lose 4 electrons to complete it's octet.
[tex]C:1s^22s^22p^2[/tex]
Chlorine has atomic no 17 and has 7 valence electrons and need one electron to complete its octet.
[tex]Cl:1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^5[/tex]
Thus carbon will share 4 electrons, one each with four chlorine atoms to form carbon tetra chloride.
Covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.
Ionic bond is formed by transfer of electrons between atoms.
Answer:
A) Nonmetal carbon shares valence electrons with each nonmetal chlorine forming four covalent bonds.
Explanation:
I Just answered it :p
Draw a structural formula for an alkyne of molecular formula c8h14 that yields 3-ethylhexane on catalytic hydrogenation. click the "draw structure" button to launch the drawing utility.
If it an alkyne and gives 3-ethylhexane on hydrogenation then the reaction will be
There will be three isomers of alkyne with given molecular formula
The reactions are shown in the attached figure
Answer:
3-ethyl-1-hexyne or 4-ethyl-1-hexyne.
Explanation:
Hello,
By means of the more likely reagents to undergo the stated hydrogentation via catalysis with palladium or platinum, its structure is shown on the attached picture which is eligible for either 3-ethyl-1-hexyne or 4-ethyl-1-hexyne since they lead to the very same product. Do not forget that such hydrogenation covers up all the insaturations turning out into the specified alkane.
Best regards.
Predict whether or not a precipitate will form upon mixing 175.0 ml of a 0.0055 mkcl solution with 145.0 ml of a 0.0015 m agno3 solution. identify the precipitate, if any. express your answer as a chemical formula. enter noreaction if no precipitate is formed.
Answer:
AgCl
Step-by-step explanation:
The equation for a possible reaction is
KCl(aq) + AgNO₃(aq) ⟶ KNO₃ + AgCl
The possible precipitate is silver chloride.
=====
Moles KCl = 0.1750 × 0.0055/1
Moles KCl = 9.62 × 10⁻⁴ mol
Moles AgNO₃ = 0.1450 × 0.0015
Moles AgNO₃ = 2.18 × 10⁻⁴ mol
=====
Total volume = 175.0 + 145.0
Total volume = 320.0 mL
=====
[KCl] = 9.62 × 10⁻⁴/0.3200
[KCl] = 3.01 × 10⁻³ mol·L⁻¹
=====
[AgNO₃] = 2.18 × 10⁻⁴/0.3200
[AgNO₃] = 6.80 × 10⁻⁴ mol·L⁻¹
=====
The equation for the equilibrium is
AgCl ⇌ Ag⁺ + Cl⁻
I/mol·L⁻¹: 6.80 × 10⁻⁴ 3.01 × 10⁻³
Q_sp = [Ag⁺][Cl⁻]
Q_sp = 6.80 × 10⁻⁴ × 3.01 × 10⁻³
Q_sp = 2.04 × 10⁻⁶
K_sp = 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰
Q_sp > K_sp, so a precipitate will form.
"[tex]Qsp>Ksp[/tex]" precipitate will form. A further explanation is below.
According to the question,
[tex]AgNO_3(aq) +KCl(aq) \rightarrow AgCl(s)+KNO_3(aq)[/tex]We can say the,
AgCl is a precipitate.
Ksp of AgCl,
[tex]1.8\times 10^{-10}[/tex]then,
→ [tex]Qsp = [Ag^+][Cl^-][/tex]
By substituting the values, we get
→ [tex]= 0.0015\times 0.0055[/tex]
→ [tex]= 8.25\times 10^{-6}[/tex]
Thus the above answer is appropriate.
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In a mixture of argon and hydrogen, occupying a volume of 1.18 l at 894.6 mmhg and 44.1oc, it is found that the total mass of the sample is 1.25 g. what is the partial pressure of argon?
To solve the question, there is a need to use the equation:
PV = nRT
(894.6/760) × 1.18 = n × 0.0821 × (273 + 44.1)
By solving we get:
Total moles, n = 0.053
Assume, the moles of argon as a and of hydrogen as b,
So,
40 × a + 2 × b = 1.25 --------- (i)
a + b = 0.053 ------- (ii)
By solving i and ii we get:
a = 0.03,
Thus, mole fraction of Ar = XAr = 0.03/0.053 = 0.57
So,
Partial pressure of Ar = 894.6 × XAr = 894.6 × 0.57 = 509.92 mm Hg
To find the partial pressure of argon in a mixture of argon and hydrogen, you must utilize Dalton's law, the ideal gas law, and molar masses of argon and hydrogen. Convert the given volume of the mixture into moles, find the total mass, and determine the fraction of argon in the mixture. This fraction, multiplied by the total pressure will give the partial pressure of argon.
Explanation:The calculation of the partial pressure of argon in a mixture of argon and hydrogen requires the knowledge of Dalton's law, the ideal gas law, and the molar masses of argon and hydrogen. Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were alone. The ideal gas law relates the pressure, volume, temperature and number of moles of a gas.
First, convert the volume of the mixture from liters to moles using the ideal gas law (PV = nRT) and obtain total moles of the mixture. Then, find out the total mass of argon and hydrogen in the mixture using their molar masses. Now, you will know the fraction of argon in the mixture (argon mass/total mass). Multiply this fraction by the total pressure to obtain the partial pressure of argon since by Dalton's law, total pressure is the sum of partial pressures.
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Scientists have developed a new drug known to cure a previously incurable disease. What best explains if the new drug is a compound or not?
A) It is a compound because it will be able to cure a disease
B) It is not a compound because it was developed by scientists.
C) It is a compound because compounds make all types of matter.
D) It is not a compound because compounds make up only living things.
Answer should be C, compounds make up all types of matter.
Scientists have developed a new drug known to cure a previously incurable disease. The best explanation if the new drug is a compound or not is that it is a compound because compounds make all types of matter. Hence, option C is correct.
The fact that the new drug is known to cure a previously incurable disease does not determine whether it is a compound or not. The term "compound" refers to a specific type of chemical substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together. Compounds can be found in various forms and can have different applications, including pharmaceutical drugs like the one mentioned.
The development of the drug by scientists (option B) or its ability to cure a disease (option A) does not provide any information about whether it is a compound or not. Similarly, option D is incorrect because compounds can be found in both living and non-living things, depending on the chemical composition and bonding of the elements involved.
Ultimately, the classification of the new drug as a compound would depend on its chemical composition and whether it consists of multiple elements chemically bonded together.
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when the equation N=O/P is solved for P correctly, the equation should read:
Given the equation N=O/P, solve for P by multiplying the left and right by P/N:
N * P/N = O/P * P/N
P = O/N
eqn N=O/P
solve for P
P=O/N
Which of the following transformation occur (In different kind of waves)
a wind turbine creating eletricity
eletric gutair
a campfire
Answer: A wind turbine creating electricity converts the kinetic energy of the wind to mechanical energy for movement of blades and finally to electrical energy.
A electric guitar first converts kinetic energy to electrical energy and then electrical energy is converted to sound energy.
A campfire converts the potential chemical energy into heat and light energy by the process of combustion.
As we know from the conservation of energy, it is neither created nor destroyed, it only converts from one form to another.
How many moles of oxygen gas (O2) are in a 2.50 L container at standard temperature and pressure?
2.24 x 10^1 mol O2
1.12 x 10^–1 mol O2
2.50 x 10^0 mol O2
5.60 x 10^1 mol O2
Hey there!:
1 mole O2 ----------------- 22.4 L ( at STP )
( moles O2 ) -------------- 2.50 L
moles O2 = 2.50 * 1 / 22.4
moles O2 = 2.50 / 22.4
moles O2 = 1.12*10⁻¹
Answer B
Hope that helps!
1.12 x 10^–1 mol O2 moles of oxygen gas (O2) are in a 2.50 L container at standard temperature and pressure. Therefore, option B is correct.
What do you mean by mole ?The term mole is defined as the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities.
One mole of any substance is equal to 6.023 × 10²³ units of that substance such as atoms, molecules, or ions. The number 6.023 × 10²³ is called as Avogadro's number or Avogadro's constant.
The mole concept can be used to convert between mass and number of particles.
1 mole O2 = 22.4 L (at STP)
(moles O2) = 2.50 L
moles O2 = 2.50 × 1 / 22.4
moles O2 = 2.50 / 22.4
moles O2 = 1.12 × 10⁻¹
Thus, 1.12 x 10^–1 mol O2 moles of oxygen gas (O2) are in a 2.50 L container at standard temperature and pressure, option B is correct.
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Which of these would provide the best evidence for the theory of evolution?
A
Certain areas on the West Coast of America are more prone to earthquakes.
B
Fossils are typically found by paleontologists working with geologists.
C
Fossils of lion skulls show that lions used to look different.
D
Animals today share the exact same traits as animals from millions of years ago.
C.
evolution is the change a species goes through
The best evidence for evolution among these options is 'Fossils of lion skulls show that lions used to look different.' Fossil records show physical proof of evolutionary changes in species over time. This helps to support the theory of evolution.
Explanation:The best evidence for the theory of evolution among these options is C: Fossils of lion skulls show that lions used to look different.
This is a crucial evidence for evolution because it represents physical proof that species over time have undergone evolutionary changes. Through the study of succession and alterations in fossil records, we can trace how modern species have evolved from their ancestors, which is a fundamental principle of the theory of evolution. None of the other options provided directly provide evidence that supports the concept of evolution.
Fossil records serve as a timeline, mapping out the gradual changes in species over millions of years. For instance, if a series of lion skull fossils show an observable pattern of changes - such as in the shape, size, or structure over time, it suggests that lions have evolved to adapt to their environment, thus supporting the theory of evolution.
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Wine goes bad soon after opening because the ethanol ch3ch2oh in it reacts with oxygen gas o2 from the air to form water h2o and acetic acid ch3cooh , the main ingredient of vinegar. what mass of acetic acid is produced by the reaction of 7.0g of oxygen gas?
Answer:
4.3 g
Explanation:
We know we will need a balanced equation with masses and molar masses, so let’s gather all the information in one place.
M_r: 60.05 32.00
CH₃CH₂OH + 3O₂ ⟶ 2CO₂ + 3H₂O
Mass/g: 7.0
1. Calculate the moles of O₂
Moles O₂ = 7.0 × 1/32.00
Moles O₂ = 0.219 mol O₂
=====
2. Calculate the moles of CH₃CH₂OH
The molar ratio is 1 mol CH₃CH₂OH:3 mol O₂
Moles of CH₃CH₂OH = 0.219 × 1/3
Moles of CH₃CH₂OH = 0.0729 mol CH₃CH₂OH
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3. Calculate the mass of CH₃CH₂OH
Mass of CH₃CH₂OH = 0.0729 × 60.05
Mass of CH₃CH₂OH = 4.4 g
how is an unknown oxidation state of an element within a compound determined?
a. it is determined from known oxidation state of an element within a compound determined
b. it is always the same as the most likely oxidation state
c. it will be the same as the charge on the compound
d. it will be the same in the products is in the reactants
Answer is: a. it is determined from known oxidation state of an element within a compound determined.
Oxidation state (oxidation number) shows the degree of oxidation of an atom in a chemical compound.
For example, chlorate ion (ClO₃⁻) has negative charge.
One oxygen atom in this anion (negatively charged ion) has the oxidation number -2. There are three oxygen atoms in chlorate anion.
x + 3 · (-2) = -1.
x = -1 + 6.
x = +5; the oxidation number of chlorine.
The oxidation state of Cl (chlorine) in chlorate ion is +5.
An element consists of two isotopes. One with a mass of 79.95 amu and an abundance of 29.9%. The second isotope has a mass of 81.95 amu with an abundance of 70.1%. What is the molar mass of this element?
the molar mass of the element is 81.36 g/mol
calculation
step 1 : multiply each %abundance of the isotope by its mass number
that is 79.95 x 29.9 =2391
81.95 x 70.1 = 5745
Step 2: add them together
2390.5 + 5744.7 =8136
Step 3: divide by 100
= 8136/100 = 81.36 g/mol
According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, if the position of a moving particle is known, what other quantity cannot be known?
The correct answer is velocity.
A law in quantum mechanics, which restricts that how precisely one can determine the two associated variables is known as the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Heisenberg illustrated this using something known as the observer effect that illustrates that very act of determining one value influences the other, and thus, presents certain kind of uncertainty.
Heisenberg uncertainty principle, also known as uncertainty principle postulated by the German physicist Werner Heisenberg, that the velocity and the position of an object cannot be determined exactly at the similar time, even in theory.
Answer: It’s velocity
Explanation:
What does electron affinity depend on?
a. Only the effective nuclear charge
b. Both the effective nuclear charge and the number of shells in the atom containing electrons
c. Attraction between the valence electrons and core electrons
d. Attraction between the protons and neutrons
Electron affinity depends on both the effective nuclear charge and the number of electron shells an atom has, impacting how strongly the atom attracts additional electrons to complete its valence shell.
Explanation:Electron affinity depends on both the effective nuclear charge and the number of shells in an atom containing electrons. The effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by an electron in a multi-electron atom and influences how strongly the atom attracts additional electrons. The number of electron shells and whether these shells are full or not also impacts the atom’s electron affinity. A full valence shell leads to stability, reducing the likelihood of the atom attracting more electrons, whereas an incomplete valence shell increases reactivity and thereby the tendency to gain electrons and complete the shell.
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In a mixture of argon and hydrogen, occupying a volume of 1.18 l at 894.6 mmhg and 44.1oc, it is found that the total mass of the sample is 1.25 g. what is the partial pressure of argon?
To solve the question, there is a need to use the equation:
PV = nRT
(894.6/760) × 1.18 = n × 0.0821 × (273 + 44.1)
By solving we get:
Total moles, n = 0.053
Assume, the moles of argon as a and of hydrogen as b,
So,
40 × a + 2 × b = 1.25 --------- (i)
a + b = 0.053 ------- (ii)
By solving i and ii we get:
a = 0.03,
Thus, mole fraction of Ar = XAr = 0.03/0.053 = 0.57
So,
Partial pressure of Ar = 894.6 × XAr = 894.6 × 0.57 = 509.92 mm Hg
The _______ are found on the left side of the arrow in a chemical reaction. A. coefficients B. reactants C. products D. subscripts
Answer:
Reactants
Explanation:
What is the simplest formula of a solid containing a, b, and c atoms in a cubic lattice in which the a atoms occupy the corners, the b atoms the body-center position, and the c atoms the faces of the unit cell?
a. a4bc3
b. abc6
c. abc3
d. abc
e. a8bc6?
Answer:
c. abc₃
Step-by-step explanation:
1. a atoms
There are eight corners, each containing an a atom.
No. of a atoms = 8 × ⅛
No. of a atoms = 1
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2. b atoms
There is one central b atom.
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3. c atoms
There are six faces, each containing a c atom.
No. of a atoms = 6 × ½
No. of c atoms = 3
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4. Formula
The simplest formula is abc₃.
The simplest formula of a solid containing a, b, and c atoms in a cubic lattice is: c. [tex]abc_3[/tex]
A unit cell can be defined as a repetitive unit of solid structures with equivalent edge points and opposite faces.
In crystal lattices, there are three (3) main types of unit cell and these include:
Body-centered cubic (BCC)Face-centered cubic (FCC)Simple cubicA simple cubic unit cell is the simplest repetitive unit cell because the lattice points are only at the corners.
To calculate the simplest formula of a solid containing a, b, and c atoms in a cubic lattice:
For a atoms:
[tex]a = 8 \times \frac{1}{8}[/tex]
a = 1 atom
For b atoms:
[tex]b = 1 \times 1[/tex]
b = 1 atom
For c atoms:
[tex]c = 6 \times \frac{1}{2}[/tex]
c = 3 atoms
Simplest formula = [tex]abc_3[/tex]
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What is the pressure of the gas in this mercury manometer if h = 53 mm and atmospheric pressure is 759 mmHg?
Given:
Atmospheric pressure = 759 mmHg
Height of manometer, h = 53 mm
To determine:
The gas pressure
Explanation:
The pressure of the gas can be calculated as follows-
P(gas) = P(atm ) + h
where: P(atm) is the atmospheric pressure
h = column height
P(gas) = 759 + 53 = 812 mmHg
Ans: The pressure of gas in the mercury manometer is 812 mmHg