The following characteristics describe which of these? This substance is not uniform in appearance and each part of the mixture contains a combination of different ingredients in different ratios

A. Homogeneous mixture
B. Heterogeneous mixture
C. Pure substance
D. Solution

Answer:

The elements in the second, third, fourth and fifth periods that have the same number of electrons with the highest energy level that barium are beryllium (Be) magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca ) and strontium (Sr).

Explanation:

The Electronic Configuration of the elements is the arrangement of all electrons of an element in energy levels and sub-levels (orbitals). The filling of these orbitals occurs in increasing order of energy, that is, from the orbitals of lower energy to those of higher energy.

There are 7 energy levels, numbered from 1 to 7, and in which electrons are distributed, logically in order according to their energy level. Electrons with less energy will be spinning at level 1.

Valencia electrons are the electrons found in the last electronic layer (called valence orbitals). This electrons allows to determine their location in the Periodic Table. All elements of the same group have the same number of valence electrons (This does not occur in transition metals). The valence electrons increase in number as one advances in a period. Then, at the beginning of the new period, the number decreases to one and begins to increase again.

So, in summary, those elements that belong to a group have the same number of electrons in their last or last layers, and the group number indicates the electronic configuration of their last layer, varying only the period of the element.

On the other hand, periods represent the energy levels that an atom has. That is, an element with five layers or energy levels will be in the fifth period.

Given this, the elements in the second, third, fourth and fifth periods that have the same number of electrons with the highest energy level that barium are beryllium (Be) magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca ) and strontium (Sr). This is because they are in the same group (they have the same number of electrons in their last layer)

The cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl2) changes color with humidity, making it useful for hygrometers. The color change property of CoCl2 and the process of measuring heat flow in a calorimeter both involve assessment of change under different environmental conditions. Utilizing these tools can answer scientific questions related to improvements in models of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and temperature control.

CoCl2, also known as Cobalt(II) Chloride, is used in hygrometers due its property to change color depending on the moisture in the environment. When it is anhydrous (dry, no water) it is blue. When it becomes hydrated in a moist environment, it turns pink.

Relating to the concept of the calorimeter from your experiments, both involve the concept of change with environmental conditions. Just as CoCl2 changes color with humidity, the calorimeter measures change in temperature under constant volume or pressure, giving insights into the heat flow during chemical reactions.

These processes allow for data collection and informed predictions in different fields of study. For instance, understanding the properties of CoCl2 can allow us to effectively measure humidity levels and create models of atmospheric conditions, effectively answering your scientific question of improving models of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations that control temperature. Similarly, understanding how to use a calorimeter can assist in calculating the energy produced by specific reactions, leading to beneficial applications in various industries, including food, civil engineering, and environmental studies.

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For n = 4, s, p, d, and f subshells are found in the n = 4 shell of an atom, each with different values of m. The s subshell has one orbital, the p subshell has three orbitals, the d subshell has five orbitals, and the f subshell has seven orbitals.

For n = 4, l can have values of 0, 1, 2, and 3. Thus, s, p, d, and f subshells are found in the n = 4 shell of an atom. For l = 0 (the s subshell), m₁ can only be 0. Thus, there is only one 4s orbital. For l = 1 (p-type orbitals), m₁ can have values of −1, 0, +1, so we find three 4p orbitals. For l = 2 (d-type orbitals), m₁ can have values of -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, so we have five 4d orbitals. When l = 3 (f-type orbitals), m₁ can have values of -3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3, and we can have seven 4f orbitals. Thus, we find a total of 16 orbitals in the n = 4 shell of an atom.

Answer: The ions which are present in the solution of [tex]CuSO_4[/tex] are [tex]Cu^{2+}\text{ and }SO_4^{2-}[/tex], both in aqueous state.

Explanation: When [tex]CuSO_4[/tex] is dissolved in water, it forms an aqueous solution. The solution contains two ions, both in aqueous states.

Equation follows:

[tex]CuSO_4(aq.)\rightarrow Cu^{2+}(aq.)+SO_4^{2-}(aq.)[/tex]

Ions that are present in the solution of [tex]CuSO_4[/tex] are [tex]Cu^{2+}\text{ and }SO_4^{2-}[/tex]

Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

A property which tends to bring changes in chemical composition of a substance is known as chemical property.

For example, precipitation, reactivity, toxicity etc are chemical property.

So, when hydrogen peroxide reacts upon exposure to light then it depicts its chemical property.

On the other hand, a property that does not bring any change in chemical composition of a substance are known as physical properties.

For example, shape, size, mass, volume, density, etc of a substance are all physical properties.

Thus, we can conclude that a chemical property that can be used to identify hydrogen peroxide is that it reacts when its exposed to light.

On the periodic table, the element with the smallest anionic (negative-ionic) radius would be in Group 17, Period 2.

Scientists can quickly calculate an element's weight, number of electrons, electronic structures, and other distinguishing chemical properties thanks to the periodic table, often known as the periodic table of elements.

Every known element is grouped into groups with related properties in the periodic table of elements. As a result, it becomes an essential tool for researchers and chemists. You can forecast how chemicals will behave if you know how to use and comprehend the periodic table.

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Answer:

neon

Explanation:

neon and oxide ion

both have configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6

7.38 liters

Given:

Question:

The volume of Kr (in liters)

The Process:

Step-1: moles of Kr

We use the conversion formula from the number of atoms to moles.

[tex]\boxed{ \ n = \frac{N}{6.02 \times 10^{23}} \ }[/tex]

[tex]\boxed{ \ n = \frac{9.783 \times 10^{23}}{6.02 \times 10^{23}} \ }[/tex]

Hence, we get 1.625 moles of Kr.

Step-2: the volume of Kr

We use the formula for an ideal gas:

[tex]\boxed{ \ pV = nRT \ }[/tex]

Let us calculate the volume.

[tex]\boxed{ \ V = \frac{nRT}{p} \ }[/tex]

[tex]\boxed{ \ V = \frac{(1.625)(0.082)(512)}{9.25} \ }[/tex]

Thus, the volume of Kr is 7.38 liters.

Keywords: the volume, Kr, krypton, atoms, avogadro's number, moles, atm, pressure, temperature, ideal gas law

Answer:

The correct answer is option b, that is, chemists have created medicine to fight leukemia.

Explanation:

An individual who does research associated with the chemicals is known as a chemist. The chemist performs the duty to guide the individuals with regard to chemical compounds and the qualitative analysis associated with it. A chemist does a specific role of performing research associated with chemical compounds and the procedures related to it. That is, a chemist performs extensive research associated with the field of chemistry. Therefore, in the given question, the creation of medicines to fight against leukemia will be the correct answer.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. They have similar chemical properties but differ in their mass numbers. Some isotopes are stable, while others are radioactive.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. They have similar chemical properties but differ in their mass numbers. For example, carbon has three isotopes: carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14.

The differences in the number of neutrons can affect the stability and radioactive properties of isotopes. Some isotopes are stable and remain unchanged over time, while others are radioactive and undergo decay. Radioactive isotopes are used in various applications such as carbon dating and medical imaging.

Isotopes can be represented by their symbol with the mass number as a superscript on the upper left and atomic number as a subscript on the lower left. For instance, carbon-12 is represented as ^12C.

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The oxidation of d-gulose, a form of sugar, results in the formation of a product named 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate-6P.

The oxidation of d-gulose forms a product known as 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate-6P. This occurs along the Entner-Doudoroff metabolic pathway which primarily converts glucose into ethanol, reserving a net ATP. Oxidation is generally a process wherein a particular molecule loses electrons and increases its oxidation state. In the context of sugars like d-gulose, this usually involves the loss of hydrogen atoms or the gain of oxygen atoms.

This is a molecule that is produced when d-gulose is oxidized in a metabolic pathway called the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. The oxidation of d-gulose in this pathway converts it to 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate-6P and also produces one ATP.

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The total change in internal energy would simply be calculated using the formula:

ΔU = -P (V2 – V1) + ΔH

where ΔU is the change in internal energy; P is constant pressure = 30 atm = 3,039,750 Pa; V2 is final volume = 2 L = 0.002 m^3; V1 is initial volume = 7.20 L = 0.0072 m^3; while ΔH is the heat = -74,400 J (heat released so negative)

Therefore:

ΔU =-3,039,750 Pa * (0.002 m^3 - 0.0072 m^3) + (- 74,400 J)

ΔU = - 58,593.3 J = - 58.6 kJ

After each cellular respiration cycle there are ATP molecules obtained after oxidizing each glucose molecule

Out of which 2 ATP molecules are obtained from glycolysis cycle, 2 ATP molecules from the Krebs cycle, and about 34 ATP molecules from the electron transport system.

So, in all 2 + 2 + 34 = 38 ATP molecules.

The mass of the sample of Calcium carbonate is 0.195g

The heat capacity formula,

[tex]\rm \bold{ Q= mC\Delta T}[/tex]\

Where,

Q- Heat absorbed = 45.5 J

C- specific heat capacity of  [tex]\rm \bold{ CaCO_3 = 0.82 J/g/^\cdot C }[/tex]

[tex]\rm \bold{ \Delta T}[/tex]- change in temperature = 280.5 k

m - mass = ?

Solving Equation for m

[tex]\rm \bold {m = \frac{45.5 J}{0.82\times 280.5 K } }\\\rm \bold {m = 0.195 g }[/tex]

Hence , we can conclude that the mass of sample is 0.195g.

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Answer :

(1) The correct option is, (b) orbital shape.

(2) The correct option is, (d) 8

(3) The correct option is, (c) 2

Explanation :

Part 1 :

As we know that there are four quantum numbers :

Principle Quantum Numbers : It describes the size of the orbital and the energy level. It is represented by n. Where, n = 1,2,3,4....

Azimuthal Quantum Number : It describes the shape of the orbital. It is represented as 'l'. The value of l ranges from 0 to (n-1). For l = 0,1,2,3... the orbitals are s, p, d, f...

Magnetic Quantum Number : It describes the orientation of the orbitals. It is represented as [tex]m_l[/tex]. The value of this quantum number ranges from [tex](-l\text{ to }+l)[/tex]. When l = 2, the value of [tex]m_l[/tex] will be -2, -1, 0, +1, +2.

Spin Quantum number : It describes the direction of electron spin. This is represented as [tex]m_s[/tex] The value of this is [tex]+\frac{1}{2}[/tex] for upward spin and [tex]-\frac{1}{2}[/tex] for downward spin.

As per question, the letter "p" is the symbol [tex]4p^3[/tex] indicates the shape of the orbital.

Hence, the correct option is (b) orbital shape.

Part 2 :

Electronic configuration : It is defined as the representation of electrons around the nucleus of an atom.  

Number of electrons in an atom are determined by the electronic configuration.

The element oxygen belongs to group 16 and atomic number 8.

As per question the electronic configuration of oxygen atom will be,

[tex]1s^22s^22p^4[/tex]

The total number of electrons = [2 + 2 + 4] = 8

Hence, the correct option is (d) 8

Part 3 :

The element sulfur belongs to group 16 and atomic number 16.

As per question the electronic configuration of sulfur atom will be,

[tex]1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^4[/tex]

In 3p orbital there are 4 electrons and 'p' orbital can contain 6 electrons. So, the number of paired electrons and unpaired electrons will be 2 and 2 respectively.

Hence, the correct option is (c) 2