Mantle convection is the slow creeping motion of Earth's solid silicate mantle caused by convection currents carrying heat from the interior to the planet's surface. ... This hot added material cools down by conduction and convection of heat.
Convection is the type of heat transfer that causes material in the Earth's interior to move, affecting the movement of tectonic plates.
The type of heat transfer that causes material in the earth's interior to move is known as convection. This process involves convection movement within a gas or liquid, driven by the tendency of hotter, and therefore less dense material, to rise while colder, denser material sinks due to gravity. This results in a transfer of heat. In the Earth's mantle, this movement forms convection cells that drive the movement of tectonic plates. Hotter and less dense mantle material heated above the core rises towards the surface, cools, and then sinks back down at places such as deep sea trenches, completing a convection cell and perpetuating the cycle of heat transfer.
How is the speed of light affected as light passes at an angle from air to water
What can you infer about the growth of the seed type pictured in the graphs below?
The right option is (D) Light has no effect on growth
Explanation:The graph shows the relation between growth and time period of the seed in the presence of sunlight. As we can see that there is no significant change on the growth in the presence of sunlight. So we can say that light has no effect on the growth of this seed
Photographs are rarely taken at the scene where bones are found. True False
The answer is False
True or false,
photographs are rarely taken at the scene where bones are found
the answer is False
The image of the butterfly above best represents.. Radial symmetry symmetry niche asymmetry
Where is the image...?
what are the chances that a cross between a black chicken and white chicken will result in blue offspring?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 100%
the chances that a cross between a black chicken and white chicken will result in blue offspring is 100%, because Back and white are both incomplete dominant traits, 100% of the offspring will be heterozygous blue.
What is trait ?Traits are the attributes of an organism which are influenced by the environment and expressed by genes, the Physical features of an organism, such as hair color, leaf form, size, behavioral characteristics,
They have specific traits which allow them to be successful in the ecosystem, these are physical characteristics which include fin length, body shape, color patterns, eyesight, and muscle definition.
Species with substantial variation in traits For example, white-tailed deer in Pennsylvania have seed coat color with limited variation, all the organism have characteristics are genetic traits or behavioral traits.
Genetic Traits can be defined as the genes that one gets from both parents influence, the Individual and independent traits are defined by genes, which are encoded by unique portions of our DNA.
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When crossing a black chicken with a white chicken, 50% of the offspring are expected to be blue due to incomplete dominance. This is known as Andalusian Blue pattern in genetics.
When a black chicken is crossed with a white chicken, the resulting offspring may exhibit an intermediate phenotype called blue or Andalusian Blue. This occurs due to incomplete dominance, where neither black nor white alleles completely dominate. In this case, the expected outcome is:
50% of the offspring will be blue.25% will be black.25% will be white.Therefore, the correct answer to the question about the chances of getting blue offspring is c) 50%.
This exemplifies how genetics in chickens can lead to mixed characteristics due to blending inheritance.
what is the ultimate original source of energy for all living things? A. Glucose B. The Sun C. ATP D. Carbon Dioxide
ATP is the correct answer
When the facilitated diffusion necessary
In biology, diffusion is the movement of substances with the concentration gradient, which means they move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Facilitated diffusion is diffusion that is performed with the help of a carrier protein that can move particles of the substance.
Answer:
When the molecules size are large, and they are insoluble in lipids, at this time facilitated diffusion is necessary to transport such molecules across the plasma membrane.
Explanation:
Facilitated diffusion is one type of passive transport. It occurs from higher concentration to lower concentration. This diffusion depends on the size of the particle, the solubility of the membrane. The smaller size particles can move faster across the membrane but the bigger particles can't pass the plasma membrane. Another fact is the entire plasma membrane is made up of lipids. It can't allow the lipid insoluble particles to the membrane. For this, there is a special facility to carry such polar molecules like water, such as channels, carrier proteins, porins. These channels facilitate the bigger polar molecules to enter into the membrane and cross the membrane. The enzymes like permease act as channel proteins that bind with the bigger particles and carry them through the channels. This type of diffusion also needs ATP like passive diffusion.
HELP! Help me plz!
Look at pic its just one question and I'm too dumb to answer!
what was the strand form #5
HELP IM STUCK!!
the pedigree below shows the inheritance of a non sex-linked trait. shaded individuals show the dominant trait. what is the probable genotype of each individual #4 and individual #6
The answer is C. The genotype of individual #4 is "Aa" and individual #6 is "aa"
(6, -3) is an example of a _____.
A. 1-dimensional reference point
B. 2-dimensional reference point
C. 1-dimensional coordinate point
D. 2-dimensional coordinate point
I think is D 2 dimensional coordinate point I’m not sure though
Answer:
Option D
(6, -3) is an example of a 2-dimensional coordinate point
Explanation:
In a two dimensional plane, every point is referenced with two coordinates, that is, an x-coordinate and a y-coordinate as follows: (x-coordinate, y-coordinate); in this case, the x-coordinate is 6 and the y-coordinate is -3.
Ammonia (NH3)can be products by bacteria in the soil by two processes:
What. And. What
Answer: Ammonification and nitrogen fixation.
Explanation:
Ammonification is the process where by organic nitrogen is converted ammonia in the soil by bacteria. These occur when bacteria breakdown the remains of dead plants and animals to release organic nitrogen and it is converted to ammonia.
Nitrogen fixation it is the process where atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia or nitrate in the soil, in a way it is absorbed by plants. It is fixed by bacteria in root nodules of leguminous plants or by lightening.
A membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleus in eukaryotes cells
The nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane, [a] is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes which in eukaryotic cells surrounds the nucleus, which encases the genetic material. The nuclear envelope consists of two lipid bilayer membranes, an inner nuclear membrane, and an outer nuclear membrane. The space between the membranes is called the perinuclear space.
What are the applications of human nervous cells?
The nervous system is responsible for sending, receiving and interpreting signals from all over the body and coordinates its action. It processes and intergrates information on a variety of levels, and directs the body to respond appropriately. The nervous cell system consists of neurons, endothelial cells, pericytes, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, Schwann cells, epithelial cells, meningeal cells and microglia. When the nervous cells grow abnormally, the development of disorders starts such as cerebrovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, mental illness, and Huntington’s disease.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/Products/Nervous-Cells-list-148.htm
The human body is made up of trillions of cells. Cells of the nervous system, called nerve cells or neurons, are specialized to carry "messages" through an electrochemical process. The human brain has approximately 86 billion neurons. To learn how neurons carry messages, read about the action potential.
Neurons come in many different shapes and sizes. Some of the smallest neurons have cell bodies that are only 4 microns wide. Some of the biggest neurons have cell bodies that are 100 microns wide. (Remember that 1 micron is equal to one thousandth of a millimeter!).
Neurons are similar to other cells in the body because:
Neurons are surrounded by a cell membrane.
Neurons have a nucleus that contains genes.
Neurons contain cytoplasm, mitochondria and other organelles.
Neurons carry out basic cellular processes such as protein synthesis and energy production.
However, neurons differ from other cells in the body because:
Neurons have specialize cell parts called dendrites and axons. Dendrites bring electrical signals to the cell body and axons take information away from the cell body.
Neurons communicate with each other through an electrochemical process.
Neurons contain some specialized structures (for example, synapses) and chemicals (for example, neurotransmitters).
The Neuron
neuron
One way to classify neurons is by the number of extensions that extend from the neuron's cell body (soma).
bipolar neuron
Bipolar neurons have two processes extending from the cell body (examples: retinal cells, olfactory epithelium cells).
Pseudounipolar cells (example: dorsal root ganglion cells). Actually, these cells have 2 axons rather than an axon and dendrite. One axon extends centrally toward the spinal cord, the other axon extends toward the skin or muscle.
Multipolar neurons have many processes that extend from the cell body. However, each neuron has only one axon (examples: spinal motor neurons, pyramidal neurons, Purkinje cells).
Neurons can also be classified by the direction that they send information.
Sensory (or afferent) neurons: send information from sensory receptors (e.g., in skin, eyes, nose, tongue, ears) TOWARD the central nervous system.
Motor (or efferent) neurons: send information AWAY from the central nervous system to muscles or glands.
Interneurons: send information between sensory neurons and motor neurons. Most interneurons are located in the central nervous system.
Check out the Gallery of Neurons to see some pictures of real neurons or "Sidewalk Cells" to see photographs of neurons on the street.
Hear It
"Neuron" | "Axon" | "Dendrite" |
"Nissl" | "Mitochondria" | "Endoplasmic reticulum"
There are several differences between axons and dendrites:
______ bacteria carry out the conversion of gaseous nitrogen to biologically useful form of nitrogen.
some cyano bacteria carry out the convertion of gasious nitrogen to biological useful form of nitrogen .
Answer: The correct answer is:
__________________________________________________
" nitrogen-fixing " .
__________________________________________________
" Nitrogen-fixing bacteria carry out the conversion of [gaseous nitrogen] to [biologically useful form of nitrogen.]. "
__________________________________________________
Hope this helps!
Best wishes to you in your academic endeavors
— and within the "Brainly" community!
__________________________________________________
How is mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) typing used in forensic science?
Answer:
Mitochondrial DNA typing is a method used by forensic scientists which match the DNA of unknown sample to the sample collected from the crime scene.
This typing method posses several advantages over other nuclear DNA typing methods in forensic science as:
A large copy number of DNA (2-10 times) per mitochondria provide enough DNA sample. Depending on the functions, a cell can have many mitochondria (1-100) which can provide enough sample for typing. No recombination takes place in mitochondrial DNA so DNA sample remains unchanged over many generations. So, the sample can be matched easily with the relatives of the unknown sample. Mitochondria show only maternal inheritance that they take DNA from mitochondria of the mother. DNA is amplified using Polymerase chain reaction which undergoes direct sequencing.Thus, mitochondrial DNA typing has several advantages in forensic science.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) typing is a valuable tool used in forensic science for identifying individuals and establishing maternal relationships.
what is nuclear DNA?Unlike nuclear DNA, which is inherited from both parents and is unique to each individual (except for identical twins), mtDNA is inherited solely from the mother and is passed down unchanged from generation to generation. This unique inheritance pattern makes mtDNA analysis particularly useful in certain forensic scenarios.
In cases where human remains are found and conventional methods of identification, such as fingerprinting or dental records, are not feasible, mtDNA analysis can be used to identify the deceased.
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A large hurricane moves through a small island in the Caribbean. What are the consequences to this island’s plant and animal diversity?
The island will lose all abiotic factors needed by plant and animal populations.
The island’s ecosystem will recover due to primary succession.
The island will lose all of the plant and animal populations of the island.
The island will suffer a loss of native plant and animal species.
Answer:
The most appropriate option would be: The island will suffer a loss of native plant and animal species
Explanation:
A hurricane is a calamity that manifests itself in the form of great rain fall, strong winds and thunderstorm.
Hurricanes just like all other natural calamities cause a lot of destruction to the organisms living in an area, their habitats and become a source of introduction of certain invasive species.
If a Hurricance hits a small island in the Caribbean, there are a lot of chances that Island will lose a large amount of animals and plant species. The fact is that when a hurricane hits and goes, many not all specie re-emerge eco-system establishes due to process of succession. However, there are some native plant and animal specie that are native to a specific place like that Island, so there are more chances that after that large hurricane island will suffer a loss of native plant and animal species.
The climate of the Island will not be in a position to sustain the survival of all living organisms, therefore, some may starve and perish for always although some may recover too. Therefore, Option D seems best.
Hope it helps!
Which organelle converts energy to a usable form
The Eurokaya cells are the organelles to convert energy to a usable form
The mitochondrion converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use. In both plant cells and animal cells.
Which describes the reproduction of plants?
What happens when a population reaches its carrying capacity?
When a population reaches its carrying capacity, it has hit the maximum population size that the environment can sustain, causing growth to slow or stop.
At carrying capacity, population growth slows down significantly or stops, due to limitations in resources such as food, space, and other necessities. If a population grows beyond its carrying capacity, resources become overused and the environment cannot support the increased numbers, which typically leads to an increase in death rates and decrease in birth rates until the population size reduces to or fluctuates around the carrying capacity.
In environments with unlimited resources, populations might exhibit exponential growth, but this cannot continue indefinitely in a real-world setting. When resources start to become scarce, the growth follows a logistic growth curve, creating an S-shaped curve as the population growth rate levels off at the carrying capacity. If the population overshoots its carrying capacity, it may experience a population decline until it stabilizes around the carrying capacity again.
What does neurons do?
Answer:
is an electrically excitable cell that takes up, processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.
Explanation:
The main difference between a scatter plot and a line graph is _____.
A. a line graph has a best-fit line
B. a scatter plot has points plotted
C. a line graph has two lines for the axes
D. a scatter plot has several different sets of data
I think the answer is A
Answer:
D
Explanation:
A scatter plot, unlike a line graph which is connected by joining various dots to form the line, and hence to be able to gather the information by studying the pattern of line, is different in this sense.
One needs to study two different sets of Data in a scatter graph. The word scatter itself inclines us to the idea of knowing that all the information in this plot will not be found in one place like in the line graph. One has to compare information derived from data collection to another data collection in a scatter plot.
Note: Both have the Y and The X axis.
What occurs during mitosis? Choose the correct answer.
DNA and chromosome duplication
growth and metabolism of the cell
cell division to create two daughter cells
cell division to create two daughter cells
Can someone help me with these please?
25) D hypertonic
23) active transport
Those are the ones I know (sorry I couldn't help with the other ones... I'm studying for my exam) ^-^
Using data, provide evidence that evolution is an ongoing process.
The major evidence that the evolution is still ongoing is mutations that occur. Those changes at gene level happen by chance during the process of copying DNA and change through the populations over time. Individuals who reproduced can pass that mutation to their offspring. When carriers with a specific mutation are better able to survive and reproduce, natural selection will favor them. That is the way of new variant to be passed down and spread through the population.
Describe how the red crab spider is adapted for its unique method of hunting.
They can disguise themselves throughout many nations. More commonly in Australia, Europe, and the North and South America! Hopes this helps!
What is the best definition of directional selection
Directional selection is a mode of natural selection an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotypes this causes the allele to shift over time in the direction of the favored phenotype
Directional selection is a mode of natural selection in which an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotypes, causing the allele frequency to shift over time in the direction of the favored phenotype.
How do we explain?Phenotype: The observable physical characteristics of an organism.
Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism.
Allele: A variant of a gene.
Allele frequency: The proportion of a population that has a particular allele.
In directional selection, there is a selective pressure for one extreme phenotype over the other phenotypes. This could be due to a change in the environment, such as a change in climate, or it could be due to a new mutation that gives the organism an advantage.
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Which cell specimen is a prokaryote
They are bacteria/single-celled organisms.
Answer:
Np
Explanation:
They have a plasma membrane and cytoplasm
You are observing different tissue samples and classifying the cells into their respective stage in the cell cycle. What can you conclude about Sample B based on these observations? A) Sample B Is is most likely cancerous because most of the cells are in interphase. B) Sample B is most likely cancer tissue because most cells are in some stage of mitosis. C) Sample B is most likely a normal tissue sample because most of the cells are in interphase. D) Sample B is most likely a normal tissue sample because most cells are in some stage of mitosis.
We have been given that different tissue samples are in their respective stage of cell cycle.
Ans is option B because cancerous cells tend to divide indefinitely regardless of the presence or absence of growth factors. In cancerous cells G0 check points fail and the cells are always in some stage of mitosis i.e. cell is supposed to be in any of the following stages of mitosis :
1) Prophase
2) Metaphase
3) Anaphase
4) Telophase
D) Samples A & C indicate cancer due to the large proportion of cells in some stage of mitosis compared to the cells in interphase.
Sample: Number of Cells in Interphase Number of Cells in Prophase Number of Cells in Metaphase Number of Cells in Anaphase Number of Cells in Telophase
Sample A 6 15 4 7 8
Sample B 25 4 2 3 1
Sample C 4 9 5 3 6
In which part of the chloroplast does each stage occur
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, with the first stage, the light-dependent reactions, happening in the thylakoid membrane, and the second stage, the Calvin cycle, happening in the stroma. The thylakoid membrane is where sunlight is converted into ATP and NADPH, while the stroma is where these compounds are used to make GA3P from CO₂.
Explanation:Photosynthesis, the process of converting sunlight into chemical energy, takes place in the chloroplast, an organelle found in plant and algal cells. The process involves two main stages, both occurring in different parts of the chloroplast.
The first stage, the light-dependent reactions, take place in the thylakoid membrane. These reactions use the energy from sunlight to produce ATP and NADPH. The thylakoid membrane is a highly dynamic collection of folded membrane sacs. It's where the green photosynthetic pigment, chlorophyll, is found.
The second stage is the Calvin cycle, which occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast. The stroma is a gel-like fluid inside the chloroplast where the energy derived from ATP and NADPH is used to synthesize GA3P from CO₂.
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Huge volume of suspended particles in atmosphere
Suspended particles block sunlight to Earth
Solar radiation reduced
Mean global temperatures drop
Some life forms become extinct
The hypothetical scenario on Earth could be the result of
A) another ice age.
B) the rise of sea level.
C) massive volcanic eruptions.
D) increased greenhouse gases.
The scenario described is most likely a result of massive volcanic eruptions that expel aerosols into the atmosphere, blocking sunlight and causing a drop in global temperatures, as demonstrated by the 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo.
Explanation:The hypothetical scenario described where a huge volume of suspended particles in the atmosphere lead to a blocking of sunlight, reduction in solar radiation, drop in mean global temperatures, and some life forms becoming extinct, could be the result of massive volcanic eruptions. Volcanic eruptions can eject aerosols, such as sulfate particles, into the atmosphere which reflect sunlight and reduce the amount reaching Earth's surface. This has been observed in past events like the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, which directly led to a decrease in global temperatures. While decreased solar activity has been considered, there is no conclusive model that connects it to cooler temperatures on Earth. In contrast, the role of aerosols from volcanic eruptions in cooling the planet is well-documented.