Answer:
Microevolution
Explanation:
Change in allele frequencies through time occurs via evolutionary mechanisms: mutation, natural (and artificial) selection, genetic drift, gene flow (migration).
Macroevolution also represents the change in allele frequencies but on larger time scale: while microevolution is at species level, macroevolution refer to all levels above species.
The term for a change in the relative frequencies of alleles in a population over generations is evolution. This can be due to various phenomena like genetic drift, which is random, and natural selection, which leads to advantageous changes.
Explanation:The term for a change in the relative frequencies of alleles in a population over several generations is known as evolution. In population genetics, evolution specifically refers a change in the frequency of an allele. Consider the ABO blood type system, the frequency of an allele, IA, is the number of copies of that allele divided by all the copies of the ABO gene in the population. Change in these frequencies over generations signify evolution. Additionally, allele frequencies can also change due to other phenomena like genetic drift and natural selection.
Genetic drift represents random changes to allele frequencies in a population, not due to any specific advantage, but often due to chance. For example, by chance, some individuals have more offspring than others, leading to a higher frequency of their alleles in the next generation.
Natural selection, on the other hand, leads to changes in allele frequencies that provide a survival or reproductive advantage in the current environment. For instance, if a particular allele confers a trait that increases survival or reproduction, its frequency will increase over generations.
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While listening to his heart with a stethoscope, you notice a high-pitched, blowing, systolic murmur, heard best directly under the left nipple. a review of roger's medical records shows no prior history of a heart murmur. what is causing this new murmur?
A high-pitched, blowing, systolic heart murmur under the left nipple likely indicates turbulent blood flow due to a heart valve condition. Further evaluation with tools like echocardiograms is necessary to diagnose the exact cause of the murmur, considering that heart murmurs are graded on their intensity and auscultation may be enhanced with deep breathing.
Explanation:The heart murmur described by the student is likely to be caused by turbulent blood flow due to a heart valve condition. This type of murmur, being high-pitched, blowing, and heard during the systolic phase of the heart cycle, could be indicative of a mitral valve prolapse, mitral regurgitation, or aortic stenosis. Without prior history of a murmur, a newly detected systolic murmur near the left nipple is of particular concern and warrants further investigation.
Heart murmurs are graded on their intensity from 1 to 6, and the location where the murmur is best heard can provide clues as to which valve may be affected. Moreover, when auscultating the heart, clinicians may request that the patient breathe deeply to enhance the sound of murmurs, which helps in their detection and characterization.
Diagnostic tools such as phonocardiograms, auscultograms, and ultrasounds, particularly echocardiograms, are useful in analyzing these abnormal heart sounds to determine their cause. Given this new finding of a heart murmur in a person with no known history of cardiac issues, a referral to a cardiologist for further evaluation would be prudent.
Name the cap of cartilage which prevents food from entering the trachea while swallowing
It’s the epiglottis
What are the two main subdivisions of the nervous system and what areas of the body make up these two subdivisions?
Answer:
The nervous system is comprised of two major subdivisions, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Explanation:
A city was intensively sprayed with DDT to control houseflies. The number of houseflies was immediately greatly reduced. Each year thereafter, the city was sprayed again, but the flies gradually increased in numbers until 10 years later, when they were almost as abundant as they were when the control program began. Which explanation applies to this situation?The DDT killed most flies. The few that were already naturally resistant survived and passed this resistance on to their offspring.Flies from other areas moved in and replaced the ones killed by DDT.The DDT caused new mutations to occur in the surviving flies, resulting in resistance to DDT.The few flies that were affected by DDT but survived developed antibodies to DDT, which they passed on to their descendants.
Answer:
The DDT killed most flies. The few that were already naturally resistant survived and passed this resistance on to their offspring
Explanation:
Natural selection is evolutionary mechanism which favours traits of an organism that help him survive and reproduce. In the example, above, naturally resistant DDT flies that survived after the use of pesticide had the favuoruable trait (resistance) by natural selection.
How does primary succession occur?
Answer:
Primary succession occurs in areas without any soil where basically nothing is there. After an event such as a volcanic eruption, pioneer species such as lichens and mosses are able to colonize the land since they can grow without soil and are primitive. Lichens can break down rock to form soil and they can add small amounts of organic matter to the rocks when they decompose to make even more soil. Simple plants like ferns can then grow in the created soil. After these simple plants die, more organic material is added to the soil and the soil thickens, allowing grasses, wildflowers, and other plants to begin to take over. Next, after these plants die, enough nutrients are added to the soil for trees and shrubs to survive. Finally, insects, small birds, and mammals begin to move into the area and form a community, so what was once bare rock can now support a variety of life.
Paleontologists find a fossil ape with long arms. What type of environment can they infer it inhabited?
a. woodlandb. swampc. savannad. grassland
Answer:
a. woodland
Explanation:
Long arms indicate that these apes were adapted and specialized to live on the trees. Long arms are suitable for them to swing from branch to branch. Usually, apes with long arm also have long fingers and toes, which are also useful for life in woodland.
Carbohydrates, more commonly known as sugars, are made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms. The smallest unit of a carbohydrate is a monosaccharide. Two monosaccharides make up a disaccharide, and many monosaccharides make up a polysaccharide. Disaccharides and polysaccharides can be hydrolyzed back into the individual monosaccharide units. Part A Select the statement that is incorrect. View Available Hint(s) Select the statement that is incorrect. Complex sugars are carbohydrates. All carbohydrates have the general formula Cn(H2O)n. Simple sugars are carbohydrates. Carbohydrates contain only carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms.
Answer:
All carbohydrates have the general formula Cn(H2O)n
Explanation:
The basic unit of carbohydrates-monosaccharides have the formula C nH 2nO n while the basic general formula of carbohydrates is Cm(H2O)n .
Monosaccharides are basic units (components) of carbohydrates. Those are simple sugars such as glucose, fructose, galactose. Two monosaccharides can join together via glycosylic bond and make disaccharides. Some of the disaccharides are: sucrose (glucose + fructose), lactose (galactose + glucose), maltose (glucose + glucose).
Disaccharides can be broken down to monosaccharides by an enzyme called a disaccharidase.
Longer chains of monosaccharides form oligosaccharides (usually as glycolipids ) and polysaccharides (starch, glycogen,cellulose, chitin).
Carbohyrates are important biomolecules included in metabolism, energy storage, they are also structural components, have role in immune response, as coenzymes etc.
Carbohydrates are organic molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. They are classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are the smallest carbohydrate unit, while disaccharides and polysaccharides are made up of multiple monosaccharides joined together.
Explanation:Carbohydrates, also known as sugars, are organic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. They are classified into three types: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are the smallest unit of carbohydrates and include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Disaccharides, such as sucrose and lactose, are formed by the linkage of two monosaccharide units. Polysaccharides, like starch and cellulose, are made up of many monosaccharides joined together in long chains.
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Why don't we use more renewable energy sources?
Because sometimes building these facilities is expensive and they usually have to be built in remote areas and burning fossil fuels has also been cheaper than using renewable energy in the past. Another issue is that the form of energy isn't available all the time.
Why are root tip cells better cells to study than the middle of the roots? a. Cells stop growing at the root tips so you would see more cells dividing b. Root tips are more colorful so you would see more cells dividing c. Only the tips of the roots have a nucleus d. Onion roots grow from the tip so you would see more cells dividing
Final answer:
Root tip cells are better to study than the middle of the roots because they are actively dividing. The root tip contains the actively dividing cells of the root meristem.
Explanation:
The root tip cells are better cells to study than the middle of the roots because they are actively dividing at the apex of the stem. The root tip can be divided into three zones: a zone of cell division, a zone of elongation, and a zone of maturation and differentiation. The zone of cell division is closest to the root tip and contains the actively dividing cells of the root meristem. By studying root tip cells, scientists can observe and analyze cell division and growth processes in plants.
What sorts of living things are made up of prokaryotic cells? Give two examples.
A threadlike structure of dna that carries genes is called
a chromosome is the answer
Answer:
chromosome
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moment magnitude estimates the amount of energy an earthquake releases and is derived from the amount of displacement along
Answer:
Moment magnitude estimates the amount of energy an earthquake releases and is derived from the amount of displacement along FAULT.
Answer:FAULT
Explanation:GRADPOINT
A new species is discovered and scientists are trying to classify it. One of the key features found is that the species is entirely dependent on other organisms for its food necessary to sustain life. What type of species is this? A. Autotrophic B. Mixotrophic C. Producer D. Heterotrophic
Answer: Option D
Explanation: The organism that cannot synthesize their own food are kept in the category of heterotrophs. These organism derive their energy from the organism that make food.
These organisms lack the ability of making food by the help of the process photosynthesis. They lack the pigment required for this process.
These kinds of organisms are termed as Heterotrophic organism.
Answer:
D>)Heterotrophic
Explanation:
just took test
Amino acids are bound together by a chemical bond known as an amino acid bond to form proteins.A) TrueB) False
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Amino acids are held together by a bond called a peptide bond and not an amino acid bond. A peptide bond is a form of covalent bond that links two amino acids. This is also known as an amide bond. In the making of proteins, peptide bonds link the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of another.
How have fruits contributed to the success of angiosperms?
Fruits have helped angiosperms spread their seeds.
Fruit bodies of plants are mature ovaries which is usually fleshy or not. the color/smell/taste of fruit attracts animals to eat the fruit and ingest the seeds. Through evolutionary processes plants “know” that animals travel, so when the animal poops out the seed, the seed will be able to germinate into a new plant in a new area, thus spreading it
The success of angiosperms can largely be attributed to the evolution of their reproductive structures, mainly flowers and fruits. Their numerous dispersal strategies, resulting from their varied fruit structures, in addition to their unique double fertilization process contribute to their wide distribution and dominance in terrestrial habitats.
Explanation:The success of angiosperms, or flowering plants, which comprise about 90 percent of all plant species, is significantly attributed to the evolution of flowers and fruits. Flowers have allowed plants to establish cooperative evolutionary relationships with animals, particularly insects, for the effective dispersion of their pollen. On the other hand, fruits serve dual purpose - they protect the developing embryos and function as agents of dispersal. The differing structures of fruits reflect the varied dispersal strategies that assist in seed distribution, contributing to the widespread success of angiosperms.
Many fruits, such as tomatoes, green peppers, corn, and avocados, are formed to attract animals that eat the fruit and then distribute the seeds through their digestive systems. Other fruits like rice, wheat, and nuts are classified as dry fruits and are designed for wind dispersal. This variety in fruit structure and reflects angiosperms' versatile modes of seed dispersal.
Furthermore, the unique double fertilization process in angiosperms, the creation of a diploid zygote and formation of a triploid cell endosperm, contributes to the resilient success of angiosperms, making them the dominant plant life in terrestrial habitats.
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Tara's friend, Sally, came to school with a cold and sat in the desk next to Tara's all morning blowing her nose. At lunch, they went outside to sit in the sun and eat. Sally blew her nose again and then gave Tara her cookie since she didn't feel like eating it. Tara ate it and then carried Sally's things back inside for her. Several days later Tara came down with the cold. At what point was it most likely that the virus infected Tara? (2 points) A. When she sat near Sally as she blew her nose allowing the virus to collect on the tissue B. When she ate the cookie which Sally had touched, leaving the virus on it C. When she took the cookie from Sally and gave the virus a chance to penetrate her skin D. When she carried Sally's things and rubbed the virus off them onto her clothes
Answer:
The best Choice is probably C
Explanation:
Viruses are definitely hardy particles, but against skin they don't pose the worse threat. Its when viruses get closer to your "innards" - in other words like your mouth that they can wreak more havoc. Having virus on clothes, on a tissue the sick person is using, and penetrating the skin shouldnt do as much as actually eating the virus. But, depending on the virus penetrating the skin might actually do more damage.The main I reason I say C is becuase the virus sounds like it infects the nasal passages or the facial area which is something that would be in danger moreso if you "ate" the virus rather than just touching it.
Answer:
in the case that it is about how she got sick then its b but this guy up above is right t-.-t
Explanation:
What is an example of dolphins overproducing?
The orca, or killer whale, for example, is actually the largest member of the dolphin family. Dolphins are by far more prevalent than porpoises. Most scientists agree that there are 32 dolphin species (plus five closely related species of river dolphin) and only six porpoise species.
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In the presence of lidocaine, the action potential was not affected at r1 because _______.
Which statement correctly distinguishes the roles of protein kinases and protein phosphatases in signal transduction pathways?
A) Protein kinases activate enzymes by phosphorylating or adding phosphate groups to them. Protein phosphatases dephosphorylate or remove phosphate groups from enzymes, including protein kinases.
B) Protein kinases are involved in signal transduction in unicellular eukaryotes such as yeast. Protein phosphatases are involved in signal transduction in multicellular eukaryotes.
C) Protein kinases are more critical than protein phosphatases to signal transduction enzymes.
Final answer:
The correct statement is that protein kinases activate enzymes by phosphorylating them, and protein phosphatases deactivate enzymes by dephosphorylating them, playing complementary roles in signal transduction pathways.
Explanation:
The statement that correctly distinguishes the roles of protein kinases and protein phosphatases in signal transduction pathways is:
Protein kinases activate enzymes by phosphorylating or adding phosphate groups to them. Protein phosphatases dephosphorylate or remove phosphate groups from enzymes, including protein kinases.During signal transduction, protein kinases catalyze the transfer of phosphate groups to proteins, often changing their shape and activity, typically activating them. Phosphorylation can affect enzymes directly or create binding sites that interact with components in the signaling cascade. On the other hand, protein phosphatases serve as the counterpart by removing these phosphate groups, essentially reversing the effect of phosphorylation, and therefore playing a crucial role in modulating cellular responses by deactivating proteins or making them available for subsequent activation.
The main way a recessive allele would be expressed even when only one copy is present would be ________.
sex linked inheritance
Which of the following most often controls the rate of nutrient cycling in ecosystems?A. rate of decomposition of detritusB. primary productivityC. secondary productivityD. both B and C
Answer:
The correct option is A.
Explanation:
Nutrient cycling refers to the process of movement and exchange of various organic and inorganic materials through the biotic and abiotic components of the biosphere. Nutrient cycling is a very important process that ensures that the ecosystem is balanced. The principal factor that controls the rate of nutrient cycling in ecosystem is detritus. Detritus refers to decomposed organic matters. Therefore, the rate of decomposition of organic and inorganic nutrients majorly determine the rate at which nutrient cycling occurs.
How does protein electrophoresis differ from DNA electrophoresis?
Answer:
Electrophoresis is the process in which specific components are separated based on size.
Explanation:
As the name implies protein electrophoresis is used to determine proteins in a sample and DNA electrophoresis is used to determine DNA segments (and later sequences) in a given sample.
Protein electrophoresis differs from DNA electrophoresis mainly due to the structural differences between proteins and DNA. Proteins require denaturation and coating with SDS for separation by SDS-PAGE, while DNA can be separated in agarose gel directly. Two-dimensional electrophoresis adds further separation of proteins by isoelectric points before size.
Protein electrophoresis and DNA electrophoresis are techniques used to separate these macromolecules based on their size and charge. However, due to the structural differences between proteins and DNA, different methods are employed for each. Proteins are structurally diverse and vary in their amino acid compositions, which affects their shape and charge. Proteins are often globular and smaller than DNA, making the large pores of an agarose gel unsuitable for their separation. To overcome these challenges, proteins are commonly denatured with a detergent such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which coats the proteins with negative charges and gives them a rod-like shape similar to DNA, allowing them to be separated by size through SDS-PAGE (Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis). In contrast, DNA has a uniform shape and negative charge that allows it to be separated in an agarose gel without prior modification.
When an amoeba undergoes reproduction, the end result are two totally independent organisms. Which term best describes the amoeba's reproductive strategy?
A. Meiosis
B. Fusion
C. Fission
D. Sexual reproduction
Answer:
C. Fission
Explanation:
Amoeba reproduces by asexual reproduction method - binary fission. After replicating its genetic material through mitosis, the cell divides into two independent equal sized daughter cells.
Answer:
C. Fission
Explanation:
bc when cells pull apart from each other its called binary fission
After duplication, at what point does a cell become two cells with identical DNA? starting in prophase end of anaphase end of cytokinesis
Answer:
end of cytokinesis
Explanation:
Telophase is the last stage of cell division. It ends with cytokinesis which is the splitting of the mother cells into two daughter cells. The cell pinches in the equator region with the help of a ring of contractile protein filaments. The formed cleavage furrow grows until the two cells pinch off completely.
Answer:
The correct answer is: end of cytokinesis
Which process helps increase genetic diversity and variation within species?
A.)meiosis
B.)mitosis
C.)photosynthesis
D.)bacterial fission
Meiosis is the type of process that helps increase genetic diversity and variation within a species.
Answer:
a.meiosis
Explanataon:
An injury from an unforeseeable risk can not be compensated by the law of negligence because there is no cause in fact.
a. True
b. False
the answer is F. companies hire pros. 2 evaluate customer risk..example, risk associated with a revolving door...
Which of the following led to the greatest decline of bedbug populations in the mid twentieth century?
Highly improved laundering soaps.
The use of pesticides, namely DDT.
The increased use of running water in homes.
The use of washing machines.
Answer:
The answer is the increase use of running water.
Explanation:
The increased amount of water in homes allowed for washing clothes and bedding.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
There was rise in the population of bed bug during the mid twentieth century and there was no control on them.
The use of pesticide was the one and only solution on the pests. DDT was a very effective pesticide that killed bed bugs.
DDT was banned after sometime because it entered the food chain and its level was increasing significantly at each level.
But before that it was very effective in eradicating bed bugs.
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a carrier protein in a plasma membrane?
A) It is a peripheral membrane protein.
B) It exhibits a specificity for a particular type of molecule.
C) It requires the expenditure of cellular energy to function.
D) It works against diffusion.
E) It has few, if any, hydrophobic amino acids.
Answer:
Hello there!
The correct answer is B.
Explanation:
We know that carrier proteins are proteins that facilitate the movement of specific molecules across a permeable membrane. With that said, D is incorrect because they perform facilitated diffusion. C is incorrect because diffusion should never require energy, no matter what form or molecule. E is incorrect because the cell membrane has hydrophilic (water-loving) heads and hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails, so the molecule must contain certain amino acid types in order to pass substances through. They are not peripheral membrane proteins because they usually stay on the membrane and never leave it (under most cases). This leaves B to be the only correct answer.
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A characteristic feature of a carrier protein in a plasma membrane is the fact that it exhibits specificity for a particular type of molecule (Option B).
Carrier proteins are cell membrane proteins that are responsible for the transport of substances in and out of cells. These proteins (carriers) move molecules by both passive transport (facilitated diffusion) and active transport mechanisms. For example, the sodium-glucose cotransporter is a carrier protein that mediates the specific movement of sodium ions and glucose molecules across cell membranes.In conclusion, a carrier protein in a plasma membrane exhibits specificity for a particular type of molecule (Option B).
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Much of the energy that the brain expends is used for
Answer:
signaling processes
Explanation:
Neurons within the brain are constantly processing and transmitting information. Electrical impulses that pass from one neuron to another consume a lot of energy. So, sending, receiving and processing the signals are the main events of brain energy expenditure. Neurons also use the energy for the maintenance of themselves and the surrounding glial cells.
Glucose is the main energy source in the brain.
The human body has about 10 bacterial cells for every eukaryotic cell. Bacteria coat our skin, gut, and mouth. Also present are protists, Archaeans, and viruses. Collectively, these organisms are our microbiota. For most members of our microbiota, our body provides their environment (or space to live). They, in turn, have no effect on us. This is an example of: predation. mutualism. commensalism. an antagonistic relationship.
Answer:
commensalism
Explanation:
Commensalism is a type of ecological interaction between two species in which one speices benefits while other is unaffected. Commensalism also can be considered as a type of symbiosis-two species that live together. The interaction between human and its microbiota is beneficial for microbiota while it has no effects on humans.
Although, some bacteria (gut bacteria) can help in digestion. In this case, interaction with human is mutualism (both have benefits).