Which electrons in a calcium atom in the ground state have the greatest effect on the chemical properties of calcium

Answers:

0.77 °C·kg·mol⁻¹; 0.261 °C

Step-by-step explanation:

13. a. Boiling point elevation

The formula for boiling point elevation ΔTb is

ΔTb = Kb·b     Divide each side by b

Kb = ΔTb/b

Kb = 2.4/3.1

Kb = 0.77 °C·kg·mol⁻¹

===============

13. b. Freezing point depression

The formula for freezing point depression [tex]\Delta T_{f}[/tex] is

[tex]\Delta T_{f} = \Delta K_{f} \cdot b[/tex]

b = moles of solute/kilograms of solvent

b = 0.705/5.02

b = 0.1404 mol/kg

[tex]\Delta T_{f} = 1.86 \times 0.1404[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_{f} = 0.261 \textdegree \text{C}[/tex]

Answer:

1) The value of the [tex]K_b[/tex] is 0.07742°C/m.

2) 0.261°C is the freezing-point depression of a solution.

Explanation:

1) [tex]\Delta T_b=T_b-T[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_b=K_b\times m[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_b=iK_b\times \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Mass of solvent in Kg}}[/tex]

where,

[tex]\Delta T_b[/tex] =Elevation in boiling point

[tex]K_b[/tex] = boiling point constant of solvent= 3.63 °C/m

1 - van't Hoff factor (non-electrolyte solute)

m = molality

We have :  [tex]\Delta T_b=2.4^oC[/tex]

m = 3.1 m

[tex]K_b=?[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_b=K_b\times m[/tex]

[tex]2.4^oC=K_b\times 3.1 m[/tex]

[tex]K_b=\frac{2.4 ^oC}{3.1 m}=0.07742 ^oC/m[/tex]

The value of the [tex]K_b[/tex] is 0.07742°C/m.

2) [tex]\Delta T_f=T-T_f[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_f=K_f\times m[/tex]

[tex]Delta T_f=iK_f\times \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Mass of solvent in Kg}}[/tex]

where,

[tex]\Delta T_f[/tex] =depression in freezing point

[tex]K_f[/tex] = freezing point constant of solvent= 1.86°C/m

1 - van't Hoff factor (non-electrolyte solute)

m = molality

We have , Moles of solute = 0.705 mol

Mass of solvent = 5.02 kg

[tex]molality=\frac{\text{Moles of solute }}{\text{Mas of solvent(kg)}}[/tex]

m = [tex]\frac{0.705 mol}{5.02 kg}=0.1404 mol/kg[/tex]

[tex]K_f=1.86^oC/m[/tex]

[tex]\Delta T_f=iK_f\times m[/tex]

[tex]=1\times 1.86 ^oC/m\times 0.1404 m[/tex]

[tex]=0.261^oC[/tex]

0.261°C is the freezing-point depression of a solution.

Answer: The correct answer is option d.

Explanation: Energy stored into gasoline is converted into another form of energy. This was very well explained on the basis of Law of conservation of energy. This law states that energy is conserved in the system which means that energy is converted from one form to another form.

The energy stored into gasoline is converted into mechanical energy which helps the car to move and some of the energy is lost in the form of heat.

Hence, the correct answer is Option d.

The energy stored in gasoline is converted into mechanical energy and heat when the car runs, adhering to the conservation of energy law. Option d is correct.

When a car runs out of gasoline, the energy stored in the gasoline is not destroyed or converted into matter, nor is it transferred to the roadway in a straightforward manner. Instead, the chemical potential energy stored within the molecular bonds of the gasoline is converted through combustion into mechanical energy and heat.

This process is known as an energy conversion and is a practical example of the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but only changed from one form to another. In a car's engine, the combustion of gasoline causes the gaseous products to expand rapidly, pushing the pistons, thus generating mechanical energy that propels the car forward. Simultaneously, heat is produced, part of which is used to do work while the rest is dissipated into the environment.

1) Answer is: the percent yield of the reaction is 84.5%.

Balanced chemical reaction: 2SO₂ + 2H₂O + O₂ → 2H₂SO₄.

V(SO₂) = 67.2 L; voulume of sulfur dioxide.

Vm = 22.4 L/mol; molar volume.

m(H₂SO₄) = 250 g; actual mass of sulfuric acid.

n(SO₂) = V(SO₂) ÷ Vm.

n(SO₂) = 67.2 L ÷ 22.4 L/mol.

n(SO₂) = 3 mol; amount of sulfur dioxide.

2) From balanced chemical reaction: n(SO₂) : n(H₂SO₄) = 2 : 2 (1 : 1).

n(H₂SO₄) = n(SO₂).

n(H₂SO₄) = 3 mol; amoun of sulfuric acid.

M(H₂SO₄) = 98.08 g/mol; molar mass of sulfuric acid.

m(H₂SO₄) = n(H₂SO₄) · M(H₂SO₄).

m(H₂SO₄) = 3 mol · 98.08 g/mol.

m(H₂SO₄) = 294.24 g; theoretical mass of sulfuric acid.

Theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be produced from limiting reactant and actual yield is a product that is obtained by experimentation.

the percent yield = actual yield / theoretical yield.

the percent yield = 250 g ÷ 294.24 g · 100%.

the percent yield = 84.5 %.

He could be blindfolded and know which was his and which was his sister's. All he would need to do is pick them both up and if they were too big then pick them up one at a time. The lumber might make it harder to tell, but this is a question about physical properties.

So there is a change in mass which for the purpose of this question should be  quite different. His sister's ought to be much lighter than his. He would find it easier to pick up.

the answer is desity

Atomic mass of carbon is 12 so 1 mole = 12 grams.

For helium it is 4.003 grams

For neon it is 20.18 grams

So one mole of neon has the greatest mass.

The mass of 1 mole of neon is greater than 1 mole of carbon or helium. Option  D is correct.

[tex]n = \dfrac wm[/tex]

Where,

[tex]n[/tex] - number of moles

[tex]w[/tex] - weight (given mass)

[tex]m[/tex] - molar mass

For Carbon,

[tex]1 {\rm \ mole} = \dfrac w {12}\\\\w = 12[/tex]

So, the 1 mole of Carbon has 12 g of mass.

1 mole of Helium has about 4 g of mass.

1 mole of neon has about 20 g of mass.

Therefore, the mass of 1 mole of neon is greater than 1 mole of carbon or helium.

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Answer: A) Nonmetal carbon shares valence electrons with each nonmetal chlorine forming four covalent bonds.

Explanation: Carbon has atomic no 6. It has 4 valence electrons. It can only share electrons as it is difficult to gain or lose 4 electrons to complete it's octet.

Chlorine has atomic no 17 . It has 7 valence electrons and need one electron to complete its octet.

Thus carbon will share 4 electrons, one each with four chlorine atoms to form carbon tetra chloride.

Covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons whereas Ionic bond is formed by transfer of electrons between atoms.

Answer:

its A

Explanation:

did it on usa test prep

Answer:

The liquid level will rise in Side A and drop in Side B.

Step-by-step explanation:

The membrane is impermeable to sucrose, but permeable to sucrose and water.

     Side A          Side B      

2 M sucrose   1 M sucrose

1 M glucose   2 M glucose

(a) Ignoring osmotic effects

The glucose will diffuse spontaneously from the side with higher concentration to that of lower concentration until equilibrium is established. There is no change in volume on either side.

At this point, we have

    Side A                Side B        

2    M sucrose    1 M sucrose

1.5 M glucose    1.5 M glucose

=====

(b) With osmotic effects

The solute concentration on Side A is greater than on Side B.

Water will diffuse into Side A.

The liquid level will rise in Side A and drop in Side B.

At equilibrium, glucose will be evenly distributed on both sides of the membrane, the level of liquid on Side A will have risen, and the level on Side B will have fallen due to the osmotic pressure induced by the unequal concentration of sucrose and initial glucose concentrations.

The question relates to the biology concept of osmosis and diffusion through a semipermeable membrane. Initially, the concentration of sucrose is higher on Side A than Side B, and the membrane is impermeable to sucrose. As a result, sucrose remains where it is, creating an osmotic pressure.

However, with respect to glucose, which is permeable, Side A has a lower concentration than Side B. This difference in glucose concentration causes glucose to move from Side B to Side A, following the concentration gradient until glucose levels on both sides reach an equilibrium.

The membrane is also permeable to water. Due to sucrose-induced osmotic pressure on Side A and the initial glucose concentration on Side B, water will shift towards Side A till an equilibrium is reached. Water moves from a high concentration to a low concentration in order to balance the solution.

So, in conclusion, at equilibrium, the level of liquid on Side A would have risen and the level on Side B would have fallen. Also, glucose would be evenly distributed on both sides of the membrane.

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We have to know the molarity of solution obtained when 5.71 g of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O is dissolved in water and made up to 250 cm³ solution.

The molarity of solution obtained when 5.71 g of sodium carbonate-10-water (Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O)  is dissolved in water and made up to 250.0 cm^3 solutionis: (A) 0.08 mol dm⁻³

The molarit y of solution means the number of moles of solute present in one litre of solution. Here solute is Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O and solvent is water. Volume of solution is 250 cm³.

Molar mass of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O is 286 grams which means mass of one mole of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O is 286 grams.

5.71 grams of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O is equal to [tex]\frac{5.71}{286}[/tex]= 0.0199 moles of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O. So, 0.0199 moles of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O present in 250 cm³ volume of solution.

Hence, number of moles of Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O present in one litre (equal to 1000 cm³) of solution is [tex]\frac{0.0199 X 1000}{250}[/tex] = 0.0796 moles. So, the molarity of the solution is 0.0796 mol/dm³ ≅ 0.08 mol/dm³

In an I2 molecule, the 5p atomic orbitals of iodine atoms overlap to form the covalent bond. The I2 molecule has an electron configuration analogous to Xenon.

In the diatomic I2 molecule, the 5p atomic orbitals of each iodine atom overlap to form the covalent bond. As per the electron configuration, an iodine atom has 7 electrons in its outermost 5p orbital. When these combine with another iodine atom, they share 1 electron each, for a total of 8 electrons. This corresponds to the electron configuration of the noble gas Xe (Xenon). Therefore, each iodine atom in an I2 molecule has an electron configuration analogous to Xenon.

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In I2 molecule formation, the 5p orbitals overlap. Each Iodine atom ends up with a total of 54 electrons. This configuration is analogous to the noble gas Xenon (Xe).

In the formation of I2 molecule, the 5p atomic orbitals overlap, similar to the 2p orbitals that overlap in the formation of F2 molecule. When the atomic orbitals of the two iodine atoms overlap and combine, each iodine atom shares one electron with the other, which gives each iodine atom in the I2 molecule a total of 54 electrons. When we look at the periodic table, we can see that the noble gas Xenon (Xe) has 54 electrons. Therefore, each iodine atom in the I2 molecule has an electron configuration analogous to that of xenon (Xe).

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a) Answer is: mass number of an alpha particle is is 4.

Muss number is sum of protons and neutrons.

b) Answer is: alpha particle is nucleus of a helium-4 atom, which is made of two protons and two neutrons.

For example, nuclear reaction: ²³⁸U → ²³⁴Th + α (alpha particle).

Alpha decay is radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus) and transforms into an atom with an atomic number that is reduced by two and mass number that is reduced by four.

c) Answer is: alpha particle has positive charge +2, because it has two protons.

Protons (positive particles) and neutrons (neutral particles) are in the nucleus of an atom.

Final answer:

An alpha particle has a mass number of 4 and is identical to a helium-4 nucleus with a double positive charge. In a magnetic field, the motion of an alpha particle is influenced by its charge, curving the particle's trajectory perpendicularly to its velocity vector and the field direction.

Explanation:

Characteristics of an Alpha Particle

An alpha particle has a mass number of 4. This particle is equivalent to the nucleus of a helium-4 atom, consisting of two protons and two neutrons. Because of this composition, an alpha particle carries a double positive charge (+2).

The Identity of an Alpha Particle

The identity of an alpha particle is the same as a helium nucleus. When it comes to nuclear equations involving alpha decay, ejection of an alpha particle from a parent nucleus results in the formation of a new element with an atomic number reduced by two and a mass number reduced by four.

Behavior in a Magnetic Field

In a magnetic field, the charge of the alpha particle affects its path, causing it to curve due to the Lorentz force. If an alpha particle is moving in the x-direction and the field is in the z-direction, the magnetic force will act in the y-direction, according to the right-hand rule.

Precipitation reactions occur when cations and anions in aqueous solution combine to form an insoluble ionic solid called a precipitate. Whether or not such a reaction occurs can be determined by using the solubility rules for common ionic solids. Because not all aqueous reactions form precipitates, one must consult the solubility rules before determining the state of the products and writing a net ionic equation. The ability to predict these reactions allows scientists to determine which ions are present in a solution, and allows industries to form chemicals by extracting components from these reactions.

Answer: 1. Option (A) is the correct answer.

              2. Option (D) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

When there is formation of an insoluble salt due to chemical reaction where two ions combine together in an aqueous solution then this insoluble salt is known as precipitate.

Therefore, chemical precipitation occurs when a product is insoluble and precipitates out of a solution.

Whereas reactants dissolve in precipitation reaction that is why a chemical reaction takes place in which an insoluble product is formed.

For example, [tex]AgNO_{3}(aq) + NaCl(aq) \rightarrow AgCl (ppt) + NaNO_{3}(aq)[/tex]

Here AgCl is the precipitate which is insoluble.

Thus, we can conclude the following.

Answer:

16 mol

Step-by-step explanation:

N₂ + 3H₂ ⟶ 2NH₃

You want to convert moles of N₂ to moles of NH₃.

The molar ratio is 2 mol NH₃:1 mol N₂.

Moles of Br₂ = 8 × 2/1

Moles of Br₂ = 16 mol NH₃

You will have 16 mol NH₃ when the reaction is finished.

The new combination is called a mixture.

In mixtures, since the substances are not chemically combined together, they still remain their own physical and chemical properties, and can be separated by simple physical methods such as filtration or distillation.

On the other hand, if the two or more substances are combined where they get new properties, the new combination will be called a compound.  They cannot be separated by physical methods, but chemical methods such as heating or electrolysis.

Explanation:

There are three states of matter:

1) Solid: In this state, the particles lie closer to each other. there is a strong intermolecular force of attraction between the particles.

2) Liquid: In this state, the particles are at a certain distance to each other. There is an intermediate intermolecular force of attraction between the particles.

3) Gas: In this state, the particles are farther from each other. There is weaker  intermolecular force of attraction between the particles.

As the number of carbon atoms in a molecule increases, the number of particles increases and the particles will come closer to each other. Hence, the state of matter will shift towards the solid state.

Viscosity is defined as the tendency to resist the particles to flow. As, the number of carbon atoms increases, the Vander-Walls forces increases, the particles are closer to each other and Hence, the viscosity will increase.

3.54 × 10⁵ Pa.

Ammonia NH₃ and oxygen gas O₂ reacts at a one-to-one molar ratio to produce NO and H₂O.

NH₃ + O₂ → NO + H₂O (Balanced)

The vessel will contain

It will contain 0.3841 + 0.2031 + 0.2031 = 0.7903 mol gas particles by the end of the reaction.

[tex]P = n \cdot R \cdot T / V \\\phantom{P} = 0.7903 \times (8.314 \times 10^{3}) \times (273 + 23) / 5.50 \\\phantom{P} = 3.54 \times 10^5 \; \text{Pa}[/tex]

Assuming that the final mixture is an ideal gas, it will exert a pressure of 3.54 × 10⁵ Pa on the container.

We can find the final gas pressure by first converting the given grams of ammonia and oxygen into moles, then using the ideal gas law to calculate the final gas pressure. The final gas pressure inside the vessel after the reaction is approximately 2.54 atm.

In this question, we are asked to find the final gas pressure inside the vessel after a reaction between gaseous ammonia (NH3) and oxygen (O2), yielding Nitric Oxide (NO) gas and water vapor. The reaction is as follows: 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) => 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g).

First, we need to calculate the number of moles for both ammonia and oxygen. We know that the molar mass of NH3 is 17 g/mol, and for O2 its 32 g/mol. Therefore, we have 10.0g / 17 g/mol = 0.59 mol ammonia and 6.50g / 32 g/mol = 0.20 mol oxygen.

Now apply the ideal gas law (PV=nRT), we will find the final pressure. Note that to use this formula, the temperature needs to be in Kelvin. We convert 23C to 296.15K(23 + 273.15). The total number of moles of gas is the sum of the moles of ammonia and oxygen, and the total volume is given as 5.50L.

So, the total pressure = nRT/V = (0.59 mol + 0.20 mol) * 0.0821 L atm/mol K × 296.15K / 5.50 L. This yields a final pressure of approximately 2.54 atm.

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Solution:- Halogens are fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and Astatine(F, Cl, Br, I and At) and these are present in the 7A group of the periodic table. In modern periodic table this group is written as 17th group. This group elements have 7 valence electrons and so they are in group 7A.

So, the right choice is D. 7A.

Answer:

D. 2 NaNO₃

Explanation:

A double displacement reaction is a type of reaction where two reactants exchange ions to form two new compounds. Double displacement reactions typically result in the formation of a product that is a precipitate.

Double displacement reactions take the form:

AB + CD → AD + CB

For the reaction:

Zn(NO₃)₂(aq) + Na₂S(aq) → ZnS(s) + X

If Zn bond with S, NO₃ must be react with Na to produce NaNO₃ that is a soluble salt (Is in aqueous state (aq)). As there are 2 Na and 2 NO₃ the right answer is:

D. 2 NaNO₃

I hope it helps!

Answer: D) 2.82

Reasoning: There are 35.453 grams in a single mole.

So divide 100 by 35.453

100/35.453=2.82063577

Rounded 2.82063577 equals 2.82

There are 2.82 moles of chlorine in the 100 gram of chlorine. A mole is a unit of measurement that is used for very tiny particles such as atoms, ions, and molecules.

The number of moles can be calculated by the formula,

[tex]n = \dfrac wm[/tex]

Where,

[tex]n[/tex]- number of moles

[tex]w[/tex] - given mass of chlorine

[tex]m[/tex] - molar mass of the chlorine

Put the values in the formula,

[tex]n = \dfrac {100}{35.45}\\\\n = 2.82 \rm \ g[/tex]

Therefore, there are 2.82 moles of chlorine in the 100 gram of chlorine.

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Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

According to Avogadro's number, one mole of a substance contains [tex]6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms or molecules.

As molar mass of chlorine is 35.5 g/mol. Hence, calculate its number of moles as follows.

                   No. of moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{\text{molar mass}}[/tex]

                                         = [tex]\frac{35.5 g}{35.5 g/mol}[/tex]

                                         = 1 mol

Therefore, number of atoms present in 1.01 mol are calculated as follows.

                           [tex]1 mol \times 6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms/mol

                              = [tex]6.02 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms

Therefore, we can conclude that there are [tex]6.02 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms in 35.5 g of chlorine.

The number of atoms in 35.5 g of chlorine is 6.02 × 10²³ atoms.

The correct answer is B. 6.02 × 10²³ atoms.

To calculate the number of atoms in a given mass of chlorine, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.02 × 10²³ atoms/mol.

The molar mass of chlorine (Cl) is approximately 35.5 g/mol.

Now, we can proceed with the calculation:

Number of moles of chlorine = Given mass / Molar mass

Number of moles of chlorine = 35.5 g / 35.5 g/mol = 1 mol

Number of atoms in 1 mol of chlorine = Avogadro's number = 6.02 × 10²³ atoms/mol

So, the number of atoms in 35.5 g of chlorine is 6.02 × 10²³ atoms.

The correct answer is B. 6.02 × 10²³ atoms.

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Atlantic

Hope I helped thanksss

Answer:

Atlantic has spread during this time

Explanation:

because South America , North America, and Australia separated from antarctica

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy the object possess due to its motion. It is the work that accelerates a given body from rest to motion.

Given:

The mass of the canoe is 23 kilogram

The velocity of the canoe is 3 m/s

The kinetic energy can be given by the formula:

KE = [tex]\frac{1}{2}.m.v^{2}[/tex]

Substituting the given values in the kinetic energy equation

KE =[tex]\frac{1}{2}.(23kg).(3m/s)^{2}[/tex]

KE= 11.5 * 9 kg.m^2/s^2

k = 103.5 J

Therefore the kinetic energy of the canoe is 103.5 Joules.

It would be A bc carbon is NOT usually a product. You can find out more about the by searching combustion reactions, then u should be able to answer the questions on your own.

Answer: The correct answer is Option a.

Explanation:

Combustion reaction is defined as the reaction in which a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide gas and water molecule. It is considered as an exothermic reaction as energy is released during these reactions.

A hydrocarbon is a substance which contains a covalent bond between a hydrogen and carbon atoms. So, it is considered as a carbon-fuel compound.

The general equation for this reaction follows:

[tex]\text{hydrocarbon}+O_2(g)\rightarrow CO_2(g)+H_2O(g)+\text{heat}[/tex]

From the above equation, it is visible that elemental carbon is not produced.

Hence, the correct answer is Option a.

Good morning!

The correct answer is D- The carbon dioxide absorbed by the ocean increases.

Have a great day!

-Sky

If the temperature at the surface of the ocean increases, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the seawater will generally decrease.

When the water temperature rises, it reduces the solubility of carbon dioxide, causing it to be released from the water into the atmosphere.

This happens because warm water has a lower capacity to hold dissolved gases compared to cold water. As a result, as the surface temperature of the ocean increases, the ability of the seawater to retain carbon dioxide decreases, leading to the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

So, in response to the question, the correct answer is: The carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere increases.

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Your answer to this question would be D. all of the above. Hope that my answer can help you and good luck!

Answer is: D. High ionization energies; high electron affinities.

Covalent bond is usually between nonmetals.

The ionization energy (Ei) is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the valence electron, when element lose  electrons, oxidation number of element grows (oxidation process).

Nonmetals are far right in the main group and they have highest ionization energy, because they have many valence electrons.

For example, fluorine has the greatest affinity for electrons and tendency to be reduced, than oxygen and chlorine.

Fluorine form molecule of fluorine F₂ with single nonpolar covalent bond.

ANSWER

It is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions.

HCl is an acid. When HCl is added into water, it undergoes the following dissociation:

  HCl + H₂O(l) → H₃O⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq).

The Arrhenius definition defines acids as subtances that release H⁺(aq) when put in water. This H⁺(aq) ions that HCl releases reacts with water to form H₃O (hydronium), leading to an increase in concentration of H₃O. 

The statement which is true about HCl is that it is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.

HCl stands for hydrochloric acid. It is an inorganic chemical that has a strong corrosive acid with a chemical formula HCl. It is also known as hydrogen chloride or muriatic acid. When hydrogen chloride is dissolved in water HCl is formed.

HCl is a strong acid. When HCl is added to water, it significantly undergoes the dissociation reaction that is as follows:

According to Arrhenius's definition, it defines that acid is a substance that liberates H⁺(aq) when put in water. These H⁺(aq) ions that HCl releases typically react with water in order to form H₃O (hydronium), which leads to an enhancement in the concentration of H₃O.

Therefore, the statement which is true about HCl is that it is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.

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Answer:  

2.10 × 10⁹ yr  

Step-by-step explanation:  

The half-life of U-235 is the time it takes for half the U to decay.  

After one half-life, half (50 %) of the original amount will remain.  

After a second half-life, half of that amount (25 %) will remain, and so on.  

We can construct a table as follows:  

 No. of                           Fraction        Amount  

half-lives  t/(yr × 10⁶)   remaining  remaining/g  

      1                 700              ½                10.0  

      2              1400              ¼                 5.00  

      3              2100              ⅛                 2.50  

     4              2800              ¹/₁₆                 1.25  

We see that 2100 × 10⁶ yr is three half-lives, and the amount of U-235 remaining is 2.50 g.  

It takes 2.10× 10⁹ yr for the U-238 to decay to 2.50 g.

Answer:

Mega- 10^6

Kilo-10^3

Hecto- 10^2

Deca-10^1

Deci-10^-1

Centi-10^-2

Milli-10^-3

Micro-10^-6

All are metric system units

The correct matching of prefixes with the powers of ten they represent is as follows:

1. mega - [tex]\(10^6\)[/tex]

2. kilo - [tex]\(10^3\)[/tex]

3. hecto - [tex]\(10^2\)[/tex]

4. deka - [tex]\(10^1\)[/tex]

5. deci - [tex]\(10^{-1}\)[/tex]

6. centi - [tex]\(10^{-2}\)[/tex]

7. milli - [tex]\(10^{-3}\)[/tex]

8. micro -[tex]\(10^{-6}\)[/tex]

 The metric system uses prefixes to denote powers of ten. Here is the explanation for each prefix:

 1. Mega (M) is a prefix that stands for one million times the base unit, hence [tex]\(10^6\).[/tex]

2. Kilo (k) is a prefix that stands for one thousand times the base unit, hence [tex]\(10^3\).[/tex]

3. Hecto (h) is a prefix that stands for one hundred times the base unit, hence [tex]\(10^2\).[/tex]

4. Deka (da) is a prefix that stands for ten times the base unit, hence \[tex](10^1\).[/tex]

5. Deci (d) is a prefix that stands for one-tenth of the base unit, hence \[tex](10^{-1}\).[/tex]

6. Centi (c) is a prefix that stands for one-hundredth of the base unit, hence [tex]\(10^{-2}\).[/tex]

7. Milli (m) is a prefix that stands for one-thousandth of the base unit, hence [tex]\(10^{-3}\).[/tex]

8. Micro (µ) is a prefix that stands for one-millionth of the base unit, hence [tex]\(10^{-6}\).[/tex]

 The powers of ten are used to express very large or very small numbers concisely. Each prefix represents a specific multiple or fraction of the base unit. For example, a millimeter (mm) is one-thousandth of a meter, and a kilogram (kg) is one thousand times the mass of a gram.

4 moles of hydrogen  = 4 * 1.008 = 4.032 grams

1 mole of helium = 4.003 grams

Difference is  4.032 - 4.003

= 0.029 g

Answer:

The correct answer is option B.

Explanation:

The atomic mass of hydrogen-1 = 1.008 g/mol

The atomic mass of helium-4 = 4.003 g/mol

Mass of 4 mole of hydrogen = 4 × 1.008 g/mol = 4.032 g

Mass of 1 mole of helium = 1 × 4.003 g/mol = 4.003 g

Difference of between 4 moles of hydrogen and 1 moles of helium :

4.032 g - 4.003 g = 0.029 g