Which structure shows the correct electron arrangement in CCl4?

Answer: Option (D) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Law of conservation of mass states that energy can neither be created nor it can be destroyed. It can only be transformed from one form to another.

Therefore, in a chemical reaction an equation can only be balanced if the number of reactants equal the number of products because energy required for reactants is utilized in the formation of the products.

For example, [tex]2Al + 6HCl \rightarrow 2AlCl_{3} + 3H_{2}[/tex] is a balanced equation because the number of reactant atoms equal the number of product atoms.

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options, [tex]3Ca + 2Cr(NO3)_3 \rightarrow 3Ca(NO3)_{3} + 2Cr[/tex] equations violates the law of conservation of mass because number of reactant atoms does not equal the number of product atoms.

Answer: saturated

Explanation:

Saturated solution is defined as the solution in which no more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent and thus contain maximum solute at a given temperature.

Unsaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent at any particular temperature.

Supersaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more amount of solute particles is present than the solvent particles and thus the solute is in precipitated form.

Answer : The coefficient used for the oxygen in balanced chemical reaction is, 3.

Explanation :

Balanced chemical reaction : It is defined as the number of atoms of individual elements present on reactant side must be equal to the product side.

When methanol is burned in air then it react to give carbon dioxide and water as a products.

The balanced chemical reaction will be,

[tex]2CH_3OH(l)+3O_2(g)\rightarrow 2CO_2(s)+4H_2O(g)[/tex]

This reaction is a combustion reaction in which a hydrocarbon react with oxygen to given carbon dioxide and water as a products.

By stoichiometry we can say that, 2 mole of methanol react with 3 moles of oxygen to give 2 moles of carbon dioxide and 4 moles of water.

Hence, from the balanced chemical reaction we conclude that the coefficient used for the oxygen is 3.

The balanced equation is:

Combustion is a reaction of a substance with oxygen with the release of heat and light.

In the combustion of methanol, carbon(iv) oxide and water are produced.

The balanced equation is:

2 CH3OH + 3 O2 -----> 2 H2O + 2 CO2

Based on the balanced equation, the coefficient of oxygen is 3.

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The percent yield of a reaction is used to measure the efficiency of a given chemical reaction. It signifies how effectively the reactants have been converted to products. It does not directly indicate the number of reactants, products, or the limiting reactant.

The purpose of finding the percent yield of a chemical reaction is primarily to determine the efficiency of the reaction. The term 'percent yield' represents the ratio of the actual yield (the amount of product actually generated in a reaction) to the theoretical yield (the maximum amount of product that could potentially be generated) multiplied by 100.

It does not directly allow us to determine the number of reactants or products, nor the limiting reactant of the reaction; its purpose rather is to assess how effectively the reactants have been converted into products. A high percent yield, close to 100%, means that the reaction was very efficient with little waste or side reactions taking place.

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Final answer:

The percent magnesium by mass in the original mixture is 153.2%.

Explanation:

To determine the percent magnesium by mass in the original mixture, we need to calculate the mass of magnesium in the mixture. We know that the total mass of the mixture is 11.20 g, and 0.6854 g of hydrogen gas is produced.

First, we need to calculate the moles of hydrogen gas produced. Since 1 mole of hydrogen gas is produced for every 2 moles of magnesium, we can use the molar mass of magnesium (24.31 g/mol) to find the moles of magnesium:

moles of Mg = (0.6854 g H₂) x (1 mol Mg / 2 mol H₂) x (24.31 g/mol) = 0.704 mol Mg

Next, we can calculate the mass of magnesium:

mass of Mg = (0.704 mol Mg) x (24.31 g/mol) = 17.12624 g Mg

Finally, we can calculate the percent magnesium by mass:

percent magnesium = (mass of Mg / total mass of mixture) x 100% = (17.12624 g / 11.20 g) x 100% = 153.2%

Answer:  Carbon

Explanation:  The top layer of the earth is known as lithosphere which contain the crust of the earth.

The earths crust contain some of the most abundant elements which facilitate the human life .

In this series of top abundant elements found in Earths continental crust, Oxygen scores the first position and after that Silicon comes as second and Aluminum bags the third position and so on.

Therefore, carbon does not even come in the top 10 elements which are most abundant in the earths crust.

Answer:

6

Explanation:

The given electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴.

The valence shell of an atom is the outermost orbit. Here the valence shell is 3 with electrons occupying the  s and p orbitals.

The s orbital has 2 electrons and the 3p orbital has 6 electrons. So adding all the electrons in the 3s and 3p orbital we have a total of 6 electrons in the 3rd valence shell.

The number of valence electron in the element is 6 electrons

Valence electron(s) are the electrons located on the outermost shell of an atom.

From the question given above, we obtained:

Electronic configuration => 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s²3p⁴

Total electron in valence shell = 2 + 4

Therefore, the number of valence electron in the element is 6 electrons.

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Answer:

The chemical reaction is :

[tex]2SO_2(g)+O_2(g)+2H_2O(l)\rightarrow 2H_2SO_4(aq)[/tex]

Explanation:

When sulfur dioxide gas reacts with oxygen gas and liquid water it gives aqueous solution of sulfuric acid.

This is reason behind the acidic nature of the rain water during acid rain.The chemical reaction is given as:

[tex]2SO_2(g)+O_2(g)+2H_2O(l)\rightarrow 2H_2SO_4(aq)[/tex]

According to stoichiometry, 2 moles of sulfur dioxide gas reacts with 1 mole of oxygen gas and 2 moles of water to give 2 moles of aqueous sulfuric acid.

Two or more than two atoms with different physical or chemical properties can not combine together to form an element.  By removing the repulsions among protons inside the nucleus, neutron provide the stability to an atom.

Element generally consist of atoms or we can atoms combine to form element. Atoms of an element is always same, means all the properties of all atoms of one type of element is same.

An atom of element contains neutrons and protons in the nucleus and electron that revolves around the nucleus. The purpose of neutron is to provide stability to an atom by minimizing the repulsion between protons inside the nucleus.

Therefore by removing the repulsions among protons inside the nucleus, neutron provide the stability to an atom.

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    NaOH  + X → NaCH3COO  + H2O

In the incomplete  reaction    above    x  is CH3COOH  (  acetic acid)

Explanation

NaOH + CH3COOH  →  NaCH3COO (salt)  + H2O

To calculate the molar mass of a compound, first retrieve the atomic masses for each element from the periodic table, multiply them by the number of atoms in the compound, and add the totals.

The first step when calculating the molar mass of a compound is to identify the atomic masses of each element in the compound. You can find these on the periodic table. Once you have the atomic masses, count the number of atoms for each element in the molecular formula. Then, multiply this number by the atomic mass for each element. Finally, add up all of these values to get the total molar mass.

For example, to calculate the molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6), you would do the following:

Answer: 18 amu

Explanation:

The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.008 or 1 (rounded to the nearest whole number)

The atomic mass of oxygen is 15.999 or 16 (rounded to the nearest whole number)

There are 2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom in water.

1+1+16= 18 amu

The atomic or hybrid orbitals that make up the sigma bond between C1 and C2 in tetrafluoroethylene, C2F4 are the sp2 hybrid orbitals. Tetrafluoroethylene C2F4 has double bond between C1 and C2. So, sigma bond is made sp2hybrid orbitals.

To add, the simplest perfluorinated alkene, Tetrafluoroethylene belongs to the family of fluorocarbons.

Answer:

hybrid sp2 -orbital make up the sigma bond between C1 and C2 in tetrafluoroethylene

Explanation:

The tetrafluoroethylene has a double bond between the carbons and single bonds between each fluor and carbon because each carbon requires a full octet and each fluor requires a pair of electrons.

In chemistry, hybridization is the interaction of atomic orbitals within an atom to form new hybrid orbitals. In sp2 hybridization, an s orbital and two orbitals are combined p. For this hybridization to occur, the carbon must be attached to three atoms as is the case in the carbon atom in this case. On the other hand, the sigma bond (σ) is formed when there is a front overlap of atomic orbitals; and the pi (π) bond is formed when there is superposition of parallel p orbitals.

Atoms that form sp2 hybridizations can form compounds with double bonds, as in this case between both carbons. Simple bonds are known as sigma bons (σ) and double bonds are composed of a sigma bond and a pi bond. So double bond between sp2 hybrid orbitals formed by one sigma-bond and one pi-bond.

In summary, hybrid sp2-orbital make up the sigma bond between C1 and C2 in tetrafluoroethylene

Temperature does not change during melting because the heat absorbed is used to overcome intermolecular forces rather than to increase the kinetic energy of the particles.

As long as both ice and water are present in the beaker, the temperature of the water will not increase.

The freezing point of water is 0°C (273 K).

The water's temperature should be 0°C (273 K).

When carrying out the experiment of putting three ice cubes in a beaker and letting them partially melt, the student will observe that when measuring the temperature, it will not change during the melting of the ice.

It corresponds to the water cycle in nature, that is, the processes of water transformation, through:

Therefore, there are two laws that determine fusion, which are related to a pure and crystalline substance under a certain pressure will not change its temperature and will remain constant.

This is because the heat absorbed is not used to increase the kinetic energy of the particles, but to overcome the forces of interaction between the molecules.

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In order to buffer a strong acid into a weak acid, salt of strong acid should be used as the buffer.

Acids are defined as substances which on dissociation yield H+ ions , and these substances are sour in taste. Compounds such as  HCl, H₂SO₄ and HNO₃ are acids as they yield H+ ions on dissociation.

According to the number of H+ ions which are generated on dissociation acids are classified as mono-protic , di-protic ,tri-protic and polyprotic  acids  depending on the number of protons which are liberated on dissociation.

Acids are widely used in industries  for  production of fertilizers, detergents  batteries and dyes.They are used in chemical industries for production of chemical compounds like salts which are produced by neutralization reactions.

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Kinetic and potential energy is the form of energy, the object exists. Energy is neither created nor destroyed. It changes from one form to another.

The energy of the moving object is termed Kinetic energy. However, the stored energy or the energy of the object in the stationary position is the Potential energy.

The statement is true, as the stored energy is the potential energy.

This statement is false, as the moving object energy is the kinetic energy of the object.

The statement is true, as the potential energy of the object is stored in its particles.

The movement of the particle of a substance will result in the kinetic energy of the substance. Thus the statement is true.

The statement is true, as fast the object moves more energy will be required and the conversion of more potential energy to kinetic energy takes place.

The statement is false, as the greater the mass of the object, the greater will be the number of particles and more energy will be stored.

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To find the volume of the Hope diamond, first convert the mass from carats to grams, then divide by the given density. The calculation results in a volume of approximately 2.5 cm³, so the correct answer is option C.

The volume of the Hope diamond can be calculated using its mass and density. First, we convert the mass from carats to grams. Since 1 carat is equivalent to 0.200 grams, the Hope diamond's mass in grams is 44.0 carats × 0.200 g/carat = 8.8 grams. The density formula is density = mass/volume, which can be rearranged to find the volume as volume = mass/density. We use the given density of the diamond, 3.51 g/cm³, to get the volume: volume = 8.8 g / 3.51 g/cm³ = 2.51 cm³. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.5 cm³, so option C is correct.

Answer : The correct option is, Aldehyde.

Explanation :

Ketone group : It is the class of organic compound in which the [tex]-CO[/tex] group is attached to a hydrocarbon is known as ketone.

The general representation of ketone are, [tex]R-CO-R'[/tex].

For example : Acetone, [tex]H_3C-CO-CH_3[/tex]

Aldehyde group : It is the class of organic compound in which the [tex]-CHO[/tex] group is attached to a hydrocarbon is known as aldehyde.

The general representation of aldehyde are, [tex]R-CHO[/tex].

For example : Ethanal , [tex]H_3C-CH_2-CHO[/tex]

Ether group : It is the class of organic compound in which the oxygen is directly attached to the two alkyl group of carbon is known as ether.

The general representation of ether are, [tex]R-O-R^'[/tex].

For example : Dimethyl ether, [tex]H_3C-O-CH_3[/tex]

Amine group : It is the class of organic compound in which the [tex]-NH_2[/tex] group is directly attached to the alkyl group of carbon is known as amine.

The general representation of amine are, [tex]R-NH_2[/tex].

For example : Ethylamine, [tex]H_3C-CH_2-NH_2[/tex]

As per question, aldehyde is an example of an organic compound that contains an attached carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain.

Hence, the correct option is, Aldehyde.

Explanation:

According to Le Chaltelier's principle, when a system is in chemical equilibrium and there occurs any change in concentration, temperature, or pressure then the equilibrium will shift in the direction which is opposing the change.

For example, when concentration of hydrogen gas is increased for the reaction [tex]H_{g} + I_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2HI[/tex] then equilibrium will shift of the right hand side.

That is, formation of product will become faster on increasing the concentration of hydrogen gas.