Answer:
The answer would be D. Democritus.
Explanation:
He was the first to state the concept of an atom.
Johanna makes the table below to organize her notes about centripetal forces. Which type of force should she place in the cell marked X?
Answer: The correct answer is Option 2.
Explanation:
Centripetal force is defined as the force that acts on a body moving in a circular path and is directed towards the center around which the body is moving.
Mathematically,
[tex]F_c=\frac{mv^2}{r}[/tex]
Where,
[tex]F_c[/tex] = centripetal force
m = mass of the object
v = tangential velocity
r = radius of the path
From the above relation, X corresponds to the radius and Y corresponds to the tangential velocity.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.
The characteristic flame test colors of metal ions are due to atomic emission spectra. Discuss the relationship between the absoption and rmission of light and the factors responsible for flame test colors. Include quantization of electron energy levels and Planck's law in your answer.The
Answer:
The characteristics flame test color of metals ions are due to atomic emission spectra.Explanation:
When an atom absorb a specific wavelength radiation, the electron inside in it, move from lower energy level to higher energy level. Such a process is known as absorption. When this excited electron come back to its ground state, it loses energy in specific color depending upon the frequency of absorbed radiation. Such a process is known as emission .Energy level:
As an atom has different energy level, the level near to nucleus has less energy as compare to level that are far from nucleus. So electrons move from lower energy level to higher level by gaining specific energy, and after excitation it come back from high energy level to low energy level with emission of light.Planck's Concept
There is specific energy difference between two energy level, so such energy difference is quantized. only those radiation will be absorbed that are equal to the energy difference between two level.The colors of the flame arise due to absorption or emission spectra. Temperature, electronic spectra, energy difference are some of the factors responsible for flame test colors.
Further explanation:
Flame test is an analytical technique that is used to detect the presence of specific elements on the basis of their corresponding spectrum. The flame colors are dependent on temperature.
Factors responsible for flame test colors:
1. Oxygen supply
In the case of hydrocarbon flames, it is the most important factor in determining the color of the flame. It determines the rate of combustion, temperature and reaction paths, thereby forming different colors.
2. Energy difference
Flame colors are related to the energy difference between the two energy levels of a particular atom. Different atoms have different allowed energy levels for their electrons and therefore producing different flame colors.
3. Temperature
It plays a major role in flame colors. For example, the inner core of candle flame appears blue with a temperature around 1670 K. The color inside the flame ranges from yellow, orange to red. More the distance from the center of the candle flame, lower will be the temperature and vice-versa.
4. Electronic spectra
Each element has its own characteristic electronic spectra that are responsible for producing different flame colors for different elements.
Electronic transition:
It is a process that occurs when an electron undergoes emission or absorption from one energy level to another energy level.
When an electron undergoes a transition from a lower energy level to a higher energy level then it requires energy to complete the process. This transition is an absorption process.
When an electron undergoes a transition from higher energy level to lower energy level then it emits energy to complete the process. This transition is an emission process.
The ground state of an atom is the lowest energy state whereas the excited state has energy greater than that of the ground state.
When light is made to fall on any substance, electrons are emitted from it. This is known as the photoelectric effect and the emitted electrons are called photoelectrons. The electrons are emitted because of the transference of energy from light to the electrons.
According to Planck’s law, energy is proportional to the frequency and is expressed as follows:
[tex]{\text{E}}{\mathbf{ = }}{h\nu }}[/tex] …… (1)
Here,
[tex]E[/tex]is the energy.
[tex]h[/tex]is the Plank’s constant.
[tex]\nu[/tex]is the frequency.
According to equation (1), only radiations with particular frequencies can be transmitted by an atom, thereby resulting in absorption or emission of light.
As long as an electron remains in the same energy level, it neither absorbs nor emits energy. But energy is absorbed when an electron goes from lower to higher energy level and it is emitted when an electron jumps from higher to lower energy levels.
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Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Atomic structure
Keywords: electronic transition, absorption, emission, lower, higher, energy level, excited state, ground state, emit, lower energy state, flame test, temperature, spectra, oxygen supply.
Which electron configuration represents an excited state for an atom of chlorine?
The electron configuration that represents the electrons in an atom of chlorine in an excited state is 2-8-7. Option 3.
The usual electron configuration for chlorine is 2-8-7. In an excited state, an electron can be temporarily promoted to a higher energy level. For chlorine in an excited state, one electron from the 3rd energy level (7) is elevated to a higher level, leading to the configuration 2-8-7.
This excited electron configuration indicates a temporary alteration in the arrangement of electrons, reflecting the absorption of energy. Once the excitation ceases, the electron returns to its original energy level, and the atom reverts to its ground state configuration (2-8-7).
Which electron configuration represents the electrons in an atom of chlorine in an excited state?
(1) 2-7-7 (3) 2-8-7
(2) 2-7-8 (4) 2-8-8
The number of neutrons in an atom is referred to as its atomic number true or false
He ostwald process is used commercially to produce nitric acid, which is, in turn, used in many modern chemical processes. in the first step of the ostwald process, ammonia is reacted with oxygen gas to produce nitric oxide and water. what is the maximum mass of h2o that can be produced by combining 54.5 g of each reactant?
naturally occurring rubidium consists of about 73.2% rubidium-85 (atomic mass 84.9 u) and 27.8% rubidium-87 (atomic mass 86.9 u). calculate the average atomic mass of rubidium rounding your answer to 0.1 u
You want to analyze a cadmium nitrate solution. what mass of naoh is needed to precipitate the cd2+ ions from 32.7 ml of 0.499 m cd(no3)2 solution?
To burn a piece of paper, why must the paper touch the flame?
The products contain more energy than the reactants.
The flame provides energy for bond formation in the piece of paper.
The flame provides the energy needed to start breaking bonds in the paper.
Final answer:
A flame provides the energy needed to start breaking bonds in a piece of paper, allowing it to burn.
Explanation:
When a piece of paper touches a flame, it is able to burn because the flame provides the energy needed to start breaking bonds in the paper. The activation energy for the reaction is too high at room temperature, so the molecules of paper do not have enough energy to react effectively with oxygen in the air. However, when the paper is heated by the flame, the molecules gain enough energy to react and initiate combustion.
.
In an experiment, 1 mol of propane is burned to form carbon dioxide and water.
How many moles of oxygen are needed for the reaction?
The atoms of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium all have the same number of protons, but differ in the number of neutrons they possess. these substances are:
Nearly all ionic compounds are solids at room temperature in the solids the total blank charge is balanced by the
Lipids with high saturated fatty acid content are ____________ at room temperature.
Was the Titanic ship made out of the element, titanium and does the name titanium have anything to do with the Titanic?
What kind of elements are columns 1,2 and 13-18 on the periodic table?
1-2: Metals non-metal.
13-18: Metalloids, Non-Metals, Metals
Columns 1, 2, and 13-18 on the periodic table are main-group elements, with column 1 containing alkali metals, column 2 containing alkaline Earth metals, and columns 13-18 including groups such as pnictogens, chalcogens, halogens, and noble gases.
Columns 1, 2, and 13-18 on the periodic table represent main-group elements, which are also known as representative elements. The elements in these columns have distinct properties and are usually presented in a way that highlights the similarities within a group.
Elements in column 1, except for hydrogen, are known as the alkali metals. They typically form compounds that consist of one atom of the element and one atom of hydrogen, and they share similar chemical properties.
Column 2 contains the alkaline earth metals. These elements form compounds with two atoms of hydrogen and exhibit comparable properties among themselves.
Columns 13 to 18 include various other families of elements with distinct properties, such as the pnictogens (group 15), chalcogens (group 16), halogens (group 17), and the noble gases (group 18, also known as inert gases).
The elements in these groups also tend to form compounds that reflect their column's valence electron configurations, illustrating the periodic nature of the table in which elements with similar chemical properties appear in vertical columns or groups.
The most negative electron affinity is most likely associated with which type of atoms
The atoms with the most negative electron affinity are usually nonmetals, especially halogens. They have a strong desire to gain electrons to fulfill their valence shells, making them more stable. For example, Fluorine has the highest electron affinity.
Explanation:Generally, atoms with the most negative electron affinity are commonly nonmetals, specifically halogens. Electron affinity is a measure of how much an atom wants to accept an electron. A more negative value represents a stronger desire to gain electrons. This eagerness to attract electrons arises primarily because these atoms are only one electron short of filling their valence shells, which makes them more stable. For instance, the halogen Fluorine has the most negative electron affinity, as it greedily accepts electrons to complete its valence shell and achieve a stable noble gas configuration.
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CaCO3 is a example of which type of material? A. elements B. mixture C. compound D. colloid
The diagram below shows three stages in the water cycle. Condensation -----> 1----->2 Which statement is correct for the diagram? 1 represents transpiration and 2 represents evaporation. 1 represents evaporation and 2 represents transpiration. 1 represents precipitation and 2 represents infiltration. 1 represents evaporation and 2 represents precipitation.
Answer:
1 represents precipitation and 2 represents infiltration. (C)
Explanation:
Took the test and got it right. :) hope i helped.
Answer:
1 represents precipitation and 2 represents infiltration. (C)
Explanation:
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A beaker contains 2.06 mol of copper, and beaker b contains 222 grams of silver. which beaker contains the larger mass? which beaker has the longer number of atoms?
Beaker A contains 2.06 mol of copper, and Beaker B contains 222 grams of silver.
Which beaker contains the larger mass?
Silver
Which beaker has the larger number of atoms?
copper
match the following families on the periodic table with the description.
brainliest for the first right answer!
Explanation:
Elements of group 1 are known as alkali metals and these include elements like lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.
Halogens are the elements of group 17 and each element of this group contains 7 valence electrons. For example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are all halogens.
Group 3-12 contains elements like scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium etc. All these elements are also known as transition elements.
Noble gases are the gases that belong to group 18. Elements of this group are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon etc. All the gases are compressible in nature as they have large gaps between each molecule. Hence, they are easily compressible.
Elements of group 2, that is, alkaline earth metals contain two valence electrons. Elements of this group are beryllium, calcium, magnesium, strontium etc.
Thus, given families are matched as follows.
Group 1 - Alkali metalsNon-metals with 7 valence electrons - HalogensGroup 3-12 - Transition metalsCompressible gases at room temperature - Noble gasesMetals that lose two electrons with forming ions - Alkaline earth metalsThe alkali metals cesium (cs) and rubidium (rb) were discovered based on their characteristic flame colors. cesium is named after the sky and rubidium after the gem color. what colors of light do you think these metals give off when heated in a flame?
The color of the sky is blue and cesium been named after the sky shows that it will most likely give off a blue light when heated.
The gem color ( ruby gem ) is known as red therefore naming rubidium after the gem color ( ruby gem ) based on the color of its light shows that when rubidium is heated it will most likely give off a red colored light/flame
Hence we can conclude that When cesium ( cs ) is heated it gives off a Blue light while when rubidium ( rb ) is heated it gives off a Red light
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which of the following is defined as the mass of an atom based on the mass of an atom of carbon-12??
A. Isotope
B. Atomic mass
C. Atomic charge
D. Atomic number
The B. atomic mass of an atom is based on the mass of an atom of carbon-12.
The ionic charge depends on the number of electrons.
The atomic number depends on the number of protons.
Isotopes depend on the number of neutrons.
Which is not a consequence of hydrogen bonding between water molecules?
Hydrogen bonds typically occur between hydrogen atoms of one molecule and a more electronegative atom from another molecule, they do not occur between two hydrogen atoms. This is the primary misunderstanding regarding the effects of hydrogen bonding between water molecules.
Explanation:Hydrogen bonding is a weak interaction that occurs between a slightly positive hydrogen atom of one molecule, usually a polar covalent molecule like water, and the slight negative charge on another molecule. This commonly occurs between water molecules, when the weakly negative oxygen atom is attracted to the weakly positive hydrogen atoms of other nearby water molecules. However, hydrogen bonds can also form between other molecules.
Given the choices you provided, the incorrect statement about the consequences of hydrogen bonding between water molecules would be: 'Hydrogen bonds occur between two atoms of hydrogen'.
This is incorrect as hydrogen bonds are not usually seen between two hydrogen atoms. Rather, these types of bonds typically involve a hydrogen atom that's already part of a polar molecule (such as water) forming a bond with a more electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) from another molecule.
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According to bohr's model of the atom in which orbitals do electrons have the least energy
Answer: Outermost orbitals
Explanation:
Which word is used describe someone who is fair and has no bias?
A- intelligent
B- weak
C- impartial
D- good
Plz help me
When thermal energy is added to boiling water, the water temperature?
How does Bohr’s atomic model build on Rutherford’s model?
Why is crushed ice used for snow cones?
what are two ways that nutrients find their way into aquatic ecosystems
Did daltons atomic theory state that atoms of different elements have different masses
according to the LOCO mass, the mass of reactants and products are.......
Equal
According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of reactants and products are equal.
Explanation;Law of conservation of mass is a fundamental principle which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system. In chemical equations the law is observed such that the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products. This is done by balancing chemical equations. A balanced equation is a chemical equation with the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. Balancing chemical equations ensures that the law of conservation of mass i observed.