Hydrogen have three isotopes namely proton, deuteron and triton. The hyphen notation for these isotopes can be written as H-1, H-2 and H-3 with mass number 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
What are isotopes?Isotopes are atoms of same atomic number and different mass numbers. Isotopes can be of one mass number difference or 2 to three. For example, carbon have three isotopes. C-12, C-13, C-14. The mass numbers are one unit higher from the previous one.
Many elements have isotopes, like for chlorine, bromine, nitrogen, fluorine etc with a natural stability. Hydrogen have three isotopes that are hydrogen -1 with one mass number 1 called proton.
Hydrogen-2 with mass number 2 called deuteron and hydrogen-3 with mass number 3 called triton.
They can be represented as flows:
[tex]^{1}H , \\^{2}H , \\^{3}H[/tex]
Here, the top number is mass number and the bottom number is one which is same for all hydrogen isotopes.
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How many grams is in a 5 pound sample? express your answer in scientific notation with four significant figures. (1 pound = 453.592 grams)?
A) 2.3 x 10^3 g
B) 1.1 x 10^4 g
C) 2.27 x 10^2 g
D) 2.268 x 10^3 g
A sample of 5 lb has a mass, expressed in grams, of 2.268 × 10³ g (Option D).
To convert pounds (lb) to grams (g), we need a conversion factor. In this case, the conversion factor is 1 lb = 453.592 g. A mass of 5 lb, expressed in grams, is:
[tex]5 lb \times \frac{453.592 g}{1lb} = 2.268 \times 10^{3} g[/tex]
A sample of 5 lb has a mass, expressed in grams, of 2.268 × 10³ g.
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When water is heated in an ocean the liquid water changes from and turns into?
How does changing electronegativity affect bond character?
Final answer:
The bond character changes as electronegativity varies, with greater differences leading to a bond with more ionic character, causing unequal electron distribution and partial charges on the atoms.
Explanation:
Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons or electron density towards itself. The character of a bond—whether it is ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent—is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the two bonded atoms. When there is a significant difference in electronegativity, the bond is considered ionic, meaning one atom effectively donates an electron to the other. As the electronegativity difference decreases, the bond becomes more covalent, with electrons shared more equally between atoms. In the case of a polar covalent bond, the electrons are shared unequally, leading to a partial charge on each atom and creating a dipole moment (μ = Qr).
The larger the difference in electronegativity, the more polarized the electron distribution in the bond. This causes the atom with higher electronegativity to have a partial negative charge, while the atom with lower electronegativity has a partial positive charge. In summary, as the difference in electronegativity increases, the ionic character of the bond increases, creating a more pronounced uneven distribution of electron density.
Vinegar (C2H4O2) and baking soda (NaHCO3) react to form sodium acetate, water, and carbon dioxide.
C2H4O2 + NaHCO3 ?
How many total carbon atoms are expected in these products?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Answer: The correct answer is Option C.
Explanation:
Law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created nor be destroyed but it can only be transformed from one form to another form. This means that total mass on the reactant side is equal to the total mass on the product side.
This also means that the total number of individual atoms on the reactant side will be equal to the total number of individual atoms on the product side.
For the given chemical reaction, the reactants are: [tex]C_2H_4O_2\text{ and }NaHCO_3[/tex]
Number of carbon atoms = 3
Number of hydrogen atoms = 5
Number of sodium atoms = 1
Number of oxygen atoms = 5
These number of individual atoms must be present on the product side as well.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C.
What are the two main products of the light-capturing reaction of photosynthesis?
Answer: NADPH and ATP
Explanation:
In terms of chemical bonds and electrons, what kinds of changes occur between atoms when substances undergo chemical reactions?
During a chemical reaction there occurs a bond making or bond breaking. Chemical bonds are formed by electron sharing or lose or gain of electrons from atoms.
What is chemical change?A chemical change of a substance is the change in its chemical bond like new bond formation or existing bond breakes in a chemical reaction.There are different types of chemical bonds such as ionic bond, covalent bond, hydrogen bond etc.
Ionic bonds are formed between metals and nonmetal atoms by losing electrons from the metals to the non-metals. Where the atoms are of high electronegativity difference. For example, NaCl is an ionic compound.
Covalent bonds are formed by sharing one or more electrons between atoms based on their valence electrons. For example CH4 is a covalent compound formed by sharing of 4 electrons from carbon and one electron from each hydrogen.
Atoms or molecules when combine together to form products, there occurs regrouping of atoms by bond making or bond breaking by exchange of electrons.
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A chemical reaction involves breaking chemical bonds in reactants and forming new bonds in products, which leads to a change in energy and results in new substances with different properties.
Explanation:During a chemical reaction, there are significant changes in the way atoms are bonded together. The changes can be described in terms of the breaking and forming of chemical bonds and the transfer or sharing of electrons among atoms. Atoms are held together in substances by chemical bonds. During a chemical reaction, these bonds are broken, which leads to the separation of atoms. They subsequently rearrange themselves and form new bonds, resulting in new substances with different properties. The substances we start with are known as the reactants, and the new substances formed are the products. An arrow in the chemical equation represents the direction from reactants to products, which signifies the progression of the chemical reaction. During this process, changes in the energy of the system often occur because breaking old bonds and forming new ones involve either absorption or release of energy.
Designing an experiment your family has planted a garden you o serve that some of the plants in the garden have teeth marks In them what is eating the plants
Why was Aristotle considered correct over Democritus based on their time period
Final answer:
Aristotle's ideas were favored over Democritus' because of his immense influence and the prevailing rationalist approach of the time which prioritized logic over empirical observation, leading to Aristotle's four-element theory of matter being accepted while Democritus' atomic theory was overlooked until much later.
Explanation:
Aristotle was considered more correct than Democritus during their time period because Aristotle was an incredibly influential philosopher, and his ideas were readily accepted by many. While Democritus had postulated that all matter was made up of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms, it was Aristotle's theory that everything was composed of four elements: earth, air, fire, and water that prevailed. The cultural and intellectual climate of the time favored logic and rational thought over empirical scientific methods, which meant that experimental verification of theories, like those of Democritus, wasn't pursued. Therefore, Aristotle's ideas held sway for nearly two thousand years before science recognized the validity of Democritus' concept of atoms.
In which orbital does an electron in a bromine atom experience the smallest?
Consider the compound Pb(CO3)2 and answer the following questions:
a.Whats the name of the compound?
b.What is the molar mass of this compound? Explain how you calculated this value
a) Answer is: he name of the compound is lead(IV) carbonate.
In this compound, lead has oxidation number +4 and carbonate has oxidation number -2.
b) Answer is: the molar mass of this compound is 327.2 g/mol.
M(Pb(CO₃)₂) = Ar(Pb) + 2Ar(C) + 6Ar(O) · g/mol.
M(Pb(CO₃)₂) = 207.2 + 2 · 12 + 6 · 16 · g/mol.
M(Pb(CO₃)₂) = 327.2 g/mol.
The name of the compound is lead(IV) carbonate. The molar mass of this compound is 327.2 g/mol.
Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.
Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:
1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.
2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.
3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds
4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.
M(Pb(CO₃)₂) = Ar(Pb) + 2Ar(C) + 6Ar(O) · g/mol.
M(Pb(CO₃)₂) = 207.2 + 2 · 12 + 6 · 16 · g/mol.
M(Pb(CO₃)₂) = 327.2 g/mol.
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Which of these is a pair of isotopes? na+ and na cl-35 and cl-37 f and cl o2 and o3?
Answer:
Cl35 and Cl37.
Explanation:
That would be Cl35 and Cl37 . Two isotopes of the gas chlorine.
Is a mineral found on a gemology expedition likely to be a substance
Absolute zero is?
A.the lowest possible volume occupied by a gas.
B.the lowest possible temperature of a gas.
C.the lowest possible pressure exerted by a gas.
D.none of the above.
In a dilution ___ is added to a solution to decrease the concentration of the ___ however the number of moles of ___ will remain constant
During dilution, solvent is added to a solution to decrease the concentration
of the solution however the number of moles of solute will remain constant.
Dilution is the process by which a solvent such as water is added in order to
decrease the concentration of the solution. This is usually done to prepare
some specific substances or to reduce the harsh effect the concentrated
solution can cause.
The number of moles of the solute is unaffected by dilution as it only affects
the concentration of the solution.
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The process where water changes from a liquid to a gas
. An object with a mass of 6.0 kg accelerates 4.0 m/s2 when an unknown force is applied to it. What is the amount of the force? ______________________
Answer:
24 N
Explanation:
we have that an object of mass 6 kg has an acceleration of[tex]4 m/s^2[/tex] to find out the value of the unknown force that is applied we use the following formula
[tex]F= m.a[/tex]
The unit in which the force is expressed is in Newtons
[tex]N= kg.\frac{m}{s^2}[/tex]
[tex]F= 6.0 Kg. 4.0 \frac{m}{s^2}\\ F= 24 N[/tex]
The amount of the applied force is 24 N.
Net force on objectThe net force on an object is determined by applying Newton's second law of motion.
F = ma
where;
F is the applied forcem is the massa is accelerationF = 6 x 4
F = 24 N
Thus, the amount of the applied force is 24 N.
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Is sodium chloride a solid liquid or gas at room temperature?
Imagine that you have a rectangular swimming pool, but you have no idea how deep it is. You
know that the pool has a volume of 216 m3
. You measured the dimensions of the pool and
found that it is 15 m long and 6 m wide.
A. Calculate the depth of the pool. Show your work.
Experiment 7 excess salt is added to water and the mixture is stirred until no more salt dissolves (the solution is saturated). the salt that does not dissolve is allowed to settle out. what will happen to the concentration of the salt in the solution if water evaporates until the volume of the solution is half the original volume? (assume the temperature remains constant.)
A sample of a gas originally at 29 °c and 1.25 atm pressure in a 3.0 l container is allowed to contract until the volume is 2.2 l and the temperature is 11 °c. the final pressure of the gas is ________ atm.
The question is about the combined gas law, which factors in pressure, volume and temperature changes in a gas sample. By inserting given values into the combined gas law equation, the final pressure comes out as approximately 1.558 atm.
Explanation:The question pertains to the principles of gas laws, particularly the combined gas law, which states that pressure, volume and temperature of a gas have an interlinked relationship, and thus change proportional to each other, provided the amount of gas is kept constant.
If we denominate the initial conditions as P1, V1 and T1 (in Kelvin), and the final conditions as P2, V2 and T2 (also in Kelvin), then the combined gas law can be written as:
P1*V1/T1 = P2*V2/T2
We know that P1=1.25 atm, V1=3.0 L, and T1=29°C = 302.15 K. The final Volume V2=2.2 L and final temperature T2=11°C = 284.15 K.
Substituting these values into the equation:
1.25 * 3.0/302.15 = P2 * 2.2/284.15
By calculating, we find that P2 = 1.558 atm, which is the final pressure of the gas.
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How does a solid differ from a liquid?
b. how does a liquid differ from a gas?
c. how is a liquid similar to a gas?
d. what is a plasma?
Final answer:
Solids have a definite shape and volume, while liquids have a definite volume but their shape changes. Liquids and gases are both fluids, but gases do not have a definite shape.
Explanation:
A solid differs from a liquid in that it has a definite shape and a specific volume, while a liquid has a definite volume but its shape changes depending on the container it is in.
A liquid differs from a gas in that it does not have a definite shape and its molecules are closely packed together, while gas molecules are more spread out and can freely move around.
A liquid is similar to a gas in that both are considered fluids, meaning they can flow and take the shape of their container.
Plasma is a state of matter in which the particles are highly ionized and can conduct electricity. It does not have a definite shape or volume, and is similar to a gas in that its particles are not tightly packed together.
Humanists believed in comparing people to animals true or false
Answer: False
Explanation:
Humanist believe that humans as well as other living organism has evolved through time and will continue to evolve.
They believe in the happiness and well-being of the human person.
Gases emitted during volcanic activity often contain high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. these gases may react to produce deposits of sulfur according to the equation: 2 h2s(g) so2(g) → 3 s(s) 2 h2o(g) for the complete reaction of 6.41 mol of hydrogen sulfide:
In a volcanic reaction, two moles of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide react to form three moles of sulfur and two moles of water. Given 6.41 moles of hydrogen sulfide, 9.615 moles of sulfur would be formed. This reaction explains the presence of sulfur deposits in volcanic areas and contributes to the removal of hydrogen sulfide from volcanic emissions.
Explanation:In the given reaction: 2H₂S(g) + SO₂(g) → 3S(s) + 2H₂O(g), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are converted into sulfur (S) and water (H2O). This is a common reaction that occurs during volcanic activities when gases are emitted. It explains the presence of sulfur deposits found in volcanic areas.
As indicated by the stoichiometry of the reaction, for each two moles of hydrogen sulfide reacted, three moles of sulfur are produced. Therefore, for the complete reaction of 6.41 moles of H2S, you would expect to form 3/2*6.41 = 9.615 moles of sulfur.
The reaction is an example of redox (reduction-oxidation) process. Here, hydrogen sulfide is oxidized to water, while sulfur dioxide is reduced to sulfur. The reaction, besides leading to the creation of sulfur deposits in volcanic regions, also contributes to the removal of hydrogen sulfide one of the gases found within volcanic emissions.
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Why is water important for a cell? A) Water is the main ingredient in DNA. B) Most chemical reactions in cells require water. C) All proteins are made of water. D) Water is an essential organic compound.
What types of elements are shown in the polyatomic ions in model 1?
We can see here that the elements that are shown in the polyatomic ions in Model 1 are non-metals.
Polyatomic ions are charged chemical species (ions) composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded together. These ions have an overall electric charge, which is the result of gaining or losing electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Unlike monatomic ions, which are single atoms with a charge, polyatomic ions are molecular entities.
These ions play a crucial role in chemical reactions and ionic compounds. When polyatomic ions combine with metal or nonmetal ions, they form ionic compounds with distinctive properties. It's important for students of chemistry to learn and understand the common polyatomic ions and their charges, as they are fundamental to various chemical processes and reactions.
The Model 1 in question that complete the question is seen below:
which example provide the most complete descripition of an object motion? A. the bird watcher follwed the south trailer of five distance of five kilometers in 45 minutes.
B. The lion had to run at 30 km per hour across the Savannah to caught its prey.
C. The golfer sent the golf ball flying toward the cup to score a hole-in-one.
D. The mixer blended the ingredients for the cake in under two minutes,
The golfer sent the golf ball flying toward the cup to score a hole-in-one, provide the most complete description of an object motion. Therefore, option C is correct.
What is motion ?Motion is the shift in an object's location with relation to its environment over a specific amount of time. The following phrases can be used to describe the motion of an object with mass: distance, displacement, and speed.
Translational motion is the term used to describe how an atom can move from one place in space to another. Additionally, molecules composed of several atoms can vibrate because of chemical bonds, which cause the atoms to move about their equilibrium position like springs.
Oscillatory, rotational, transactional, uniform, non-uniform, periodic, circular, and linear motion are only a few examples of the different motion types that can exist.
Thus, option C is correct.
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The electrons that are passed to nadp at the end of the electron transfer chain were obtained from
When converting the volume of water to mass of water, what conversion unit would you use?
A. one milliliter of water equals one milligram of water
B. one liter of water equals one gram of water
C. one liter of water equals one kilogram of water
D. one thousand liters of water equals one kilogram of water
A liter of water contains 1,000 cubic centimeters or 1,000 milliliters. Therefore, 1 Liter= 1,000 grams, or 1 Kilogram. 1 cubic centimeter= 1 milliliter = 1 gram.
Suppose you had a mixture of iron pellets, pebbles, and small wood spheres, all of which were about the same size. how would you seperate the mixture
Use a magnet to separate the magnetic iron pellets from the non-magnetic pebbles and wood spheres, then add water to the remaining mixture to float the wood and sink the pebbles for easy separation.
Explanation:To separate a mixture of iron pellets, pebbles, and small wood spheres that are about the same size, you can utilize their differing physical properties. Iron can be separated from non-magnetic materials using a magnet because the property of ferromagnetism is specific to certain metals, including iron. This process leaves you with pebbles and wood spheres.
Next, to separate the pebbles from the wood spheres, you might use water because wood floats and pebbles sink. By adding water to the mixture, the wood spheres would float to the surface, where they could easily be removed, and the pebbles would settle at the bottom of the container. Finally, removing the water would leave you with just the pebbles.
Waves move fastest in
low-temperature gases.
low-temperature solids.
high-temperature gases.
high-temperature solids.
Answer:
The correct answer is high temperature solids
Explanation: